Notes

Paraspinal muscle tissue pathophysiology related to mid back pain along with spinal column degenerative issues.
me improved in all stages of CRC surgery in the Netherlands. The developed model accurately predicts postoperative mortality risk and is clinically valuable for decision-making.Ferroptosis, a newly discovered iron-dependent cell death, is involved in brain ischemia-reperfusion injury. Iron scavengers or ferroptosis inhibitors could reduce infarct volume and improve neurological function in mice. Resveratrol has neuroprotective and neurorestorative effects. However, it is unclear whether resveratrol can play a neuroprotective role via inhibiting ferroptosis. Our study showed that resveratrol pretreatment had a similar effect with ferrostatin‑1, which inhibited neuronal ferroptosis-related changes, such as iron overload, damages of oxidation-reduction system, and destruction of mitochondrial structure, after oxygen-glucose deprivation/reoxygenation (OGD/R) and application of ferroptosis inducers. In addition, middle cerebral artery occlusion/reperfusion (MCAO/R) injury in vivo also induced ferroptosis, and resveratrol pretreatment could inhibit ferroptosis and reduce degenerative neurons, cerebral ischemic damage and infarction volume. Our results are the first to indicate that resveratrol pretreatment might inhibit ferroptosis induced by OGD/R and ferroptosis inducers in neurons, and MCAO/R in rats.
Diabetic retinopathy (DR) may be worsened by pregnancy in pregnant women with preexisting type 1 diabetes (T1D) or type 2 diabetes (T2D). Conflicting findings from previous studies have resulted in inconsistencies in guidelines regarding DR management in pregnancy. Global estimates of DR prevalence and progression in pregnancy are therefore required to provide clearer information about the overall true burden of DR in this population.

To estimate the prevalence of DR and its progression rate in pregnant women with preexisting T1D or T2D diagnosed before pregnancy.

For this systematic review and meta-analysis, conducted from November 27, 2018, to June 29, 2021, a systematic literature search was conducted in MEDLINE/Ovid, Embase/Ovid, and Scopus databases to identify English-language articles that were published from inception through October 2020.

Observational studies that reported on DR and its changes in pregnant women with preexisting T1D and T2D.

Two independent reviewers extracted relevant datI, 10.5-21.9; T2D groups 9.0; 95% CI, 4.9-14.8). A global trend toward a lower DR progression rate was observed after the 1989 St Vincent Declaration.

Results of this systematic review and meta-analysis suggest that women with T1D and T2D had a similar risk of DR progression during pregnancy. Despite improvements in the management of diabetes and diabetes during pregnancy, DR prevalence and progression in pregnant women with diabetes remains higher than the nonpregnant population with diabetes, highlighting the need to improve DR management in pregnancy.
Results of this systematic review and meta-analysis suggest that women with T1D and T2D had a similar risk of DR progression during pregnancy. Despite improvements in the management of diabetes and diabetes during pregnancy, DR prevalence and progression in pregnant women with diabetes remains higher than the nonpregnant population with diabetes, highlighting the need to improve DR management in pregnancy.
Individuals with persistent unilateral vestibular deficits experience loss of quality of life and increased risk of falling, and they have few well-supported options for effective treatment.

To evaluate whether vestibular retraining using computerized dynamic posturography is associated with reduced participant-reported disability for patients with an objectively assessed unilateral peripheral vestibular deficit and to assess the feasibility of conducting a randomized clinical trial of vestibular retraining using computerized dynamic posturography.

This single-group cohort study was conducted from April 29 to July 23, 2021, in a tertiary neurotology clinic among 13 individuals with a stable unilateral vestibular deficit present for more than 6 months, confirmed with videonystagmography and vestibular evoked myogenic potential testing. Statistical analysis was performed from July 7, 2021, to January 25, 2022.

Twelve twice-weekly sessions of posturography-assisted vestibular retraining with prescribed w for the FES-I. Participants with moderate to severe disability at baseline (n = 7) had a larger magnitude of improvement in DHI scores than those with mild disability (n = 6) (-18 [95% CI, -78 to 2] vs -1 [95% CI, -8 to 16]). Six of the 7 patients (86%) with moderate to severe disability improved by greater than the MCID for DHI, wherease 4 of 7 patients (57%) improved by greater than the MCID for the ABC Scale, and 3 of 7 patients (43%) improved by greater than the MCID for the FES-I.

This cohort study suggests that computerized, dynamic posturography-assisted retraining was associated with clinically meaningful improvements in participant-reported disability among those with stable unilateral vestibular deficit and moderate to severe disability. Further studies should compare posturography-assisted vestibular retraining with conventional physical therapy rehabilitation techniques.

ClinicalTrials.gov Identifier NCT04875013.
ClinicalTrials.gov Identifier NCT04875013.
Visual acuity (VA) is one of the most important clinical data points in ophthalmology. However, few options for validated at-home VA assessments are currently available.

To validate 3 at-home visual acuity tests in comparison with in-office visual acuity.

Between July 2020 and April 2021, eligible participants with VA of 20/200 or better were recruited from 4 university-based ophthalmology clinics (comprehensive, cornea, glaucoma, and retina clinics). Participants were prospectively randomized to self-administer 2 of 3 at-home VA tests (printed chart, mobile phone app, and website) within 3 days before their standard-of-care clinic visit. Participants completed a survey assessing usability of the at-home tests. At the clinic visit, best-corrected Snellen distance acuity was measured as the reference standard.

The at-home VA test results were compared with the in-office VA test results using paired and unpaired t tests, Pearson correlation coefficients, analysis of variance, χ2 tests, and Cohen κ agree to have limited access to digital tools. Further development and validation of at-home VA testing modalities is needed with the expansion of teleophthalmology care.
The 3 at-home VA test results (printed chart, mobile phone app, and website) appeared comparable within 1 line to in-office VA measurements. Older participants were more likely to have limited access to digital tools. Further development and validation of at-home VA testing modalities is needed with the expansion of teleophthalmology care.
Reducing myopia progression can reduce the risk of associated ocular pathologies.

To evaluate whether spectacle lenses with higher lenslet asphericity have a higher myopia control efficacy throughout 2 years.

This double-masked randomized clinical trial was conducted between July 2018 and October 2020 at the Eye Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University in Wenzhou, China. Children aged 8 to 13 years with a cycloplegic spherical equivalent refraction (SER) of -0.75 D to -4.75 D and astigmatism with less than -1.50 D were recruited. A data and safety monitoring committee reviewed findings from a planned interim analysis in 2019.

Participants were randomly assigned in a 111 ratio to receive spectacle lenses with highly aspherical lenslets (HAL), spectacle lenses with slightly aspherical lenslets (SAL), or single-vision spectacle lenses (SVL).

Two-year changes in SER and axial length and their differences between groups.

Of 157 participants who completed each visit (mean [SD] age, 10.4 [1.2] years), 54 were analyzed in the HAL group, 53 in the SAL group, and 50 in the SVL group. Mean (SE) 2-year myopia progression in the SVL group was 1.46 (0.09) D. Compared with SVL, the mean (SE) change in SER was less for HAL (by 0.80 [0.11] D) and SAL (by 0.42 [0.11] D; P ≤ .001). The mean (SE) increase in axial length was 0.69 (0.04) mm for SVL. Compared with SVL, increase in axial length was slowed by a mean (SE) of 0.35 (0.05) mm for HAL and 0.18 (0.05) mm for SAL (P ≤ .001). Compared with SVL, for children who wore HAL at least 12 hours every day, the mean (SE) change in SER was slowed by 0.99 (0.12) D, and increase in axial length slowed by 0.41 (0.05) mm.

In this study, HAL and SAL reduced the rate of myopia progression and axial elongation throughout 2 years, with higher efficacy for HAL. Longer wearing hours resulted in better myopia control efficacy for HAL.

Chinese Clinical Trial Registry Identifier ChiCTR1800017683.
Chinese Clinical Trial Registry Identifier ChiCTR1800017683.
Emerging computed tomographic (CT) imaging techniques for the localization of primary hyperparathyroidism (PHPT) may be superior to the current imaging standard, thus necessitating a critical review and pooling of available evidence.

Primary hyperparathyroidism requires accurate imaging to guide definitive surgical management. Advanced techniques including 4-dimensional computed tomographic (4D-CT) scan have been investigated over the past decade. We sought to evaluate the efficacy of these emerging imaging techniques through pooled analysis of the existing evidence.

PubMed, Embase, and Web of Science databases were queried for original English articles without any restrictions on date.

We included comparative observational studies but excluded animal studies, case reports, and case series. Overall, 353 abstracts were screened independently by 2 investigators along with a third reviewer to resolve conflicts. A total of 26 full-text articles were included in this review.

This review was conducted in ed sensitivity was 81% (95% CI, 64%-98%; I2 = 93%) in contrast to 53% (95% CI, 35%-71%; I2 = 81%) for sestamibi-SPECT/CT. The overall quality of the 26 studies was moderate with a median (range) Methodological Index for Nonrandomized Studies score for all included studies of 15.5 (13-19).

The findings of this systematic review and with meta-analyses of numerous studies from the past decade suggest that the 4D-CT can be more sensitive and specific than sestamibi-SPECT/CT in localizing PHPT. More research is needed to determine the clinical significance of this improvement in localization.
The findings of this systematic review and with meta-analyses of numerous studies from the past decade suggest that the 4D-CT can be more sensitive and specific than sestamibi-SPECT/CT in localizing PHPT. More research is needed to determine the clinical significance of this improvement in localization.
Angiosarcoma is a rare sarcoma subtype with a poor outcome. Carotuximab plus pazopanib produced a median progression-free survival (PFS) of 7.8 months in pazopanib-naive patients with chemotherapy-refractory angiosarcoma in a phase 1/2 trial.

To determine whether carotuximab plus pazopanib improves PFS compared with pazopanib alone in patients with advanced angiosarcoma.

The TAPPAS Trial An Adaptive Enrichment Phase 3 Trial of TRC105 and Pazopanib vs Pazopanib Alone in Patients With Advanced Angiosarcoma was a multinational, multicenter, open-label, parallel-group, phase 3 randomized clinical trial of 123 patients 18 years or older with advanced angiosarcoma that was conducted between February 16, 2017, and April 12, 2019, at 31 sites in the US and the European Union. Patients were randomized 11 to receive pazopanib alone or carotuximab plus pazopanib. The trial incorporated an adaptive enrichment design. selleckchem Inclusion criteria were no more than 2 prior lines of systemic therapy and an Eastern Cooperative Oncology Group performance status of 0 or 1.
Homepage: https://www.selleckchem.com/