Notes

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In addition to heredity, exposure to early-life adversity is an important predisposing risk factor of suicidal behaviour. Although the association between Childhood Trauma (CT) and suicide risk is well documented, interactions between CT and suicidal behaviour in Treatment-Resistant Depression (TRD) populations have received little coverage. This study aimed to evaluate i) association between CT and suicidal behaviour in a TRD population, and ii) the role of personality traits and impulsiveness as potential factors of mediation in these associations.

Patients were recruited from a cohort of the French network of TRD expert centers. Depressive symptom severity, CT, suicidal behaviour, personality traits, and impulsiveness were assessed with the Montgomery-Åsberg Depression Rating Scale (MADRS), the Childhood Trauma Questionnaire (CTQ), the Columbia Suicide Severity Rating Scale (CSSRS), the Structured Clinical Interview for DSM-IV, the Big Five Inventory, and the Barratt Impulsivness Scale (BIS) respective TRD population.Osteosarcoma is a common type of bone cancers with a high rate of pulmonary recurrence. High-dose radiation therapy is useful for the ablation of unresectable osteosarcoma. However, it may cause severe adverse effects. To address this problem, we developed D-arginine-loaded metal-organic frameworks (MOF) nanoparticles for improving the radiosensitivity of osteosarcoma. D-arginine, a metabolically inert enantiomer of L-arginine, could produce nitric oxide and down-regulate hypoxia-inducible factor-1alpha (HIF-1α) to alleviate tumor hypoxia. In addition, MOF could also generate free radicals to kill the tumor cells. Results demonstrate that D-arginine-loaded nanoparticles enhanced tumor ablation and prevented the lung metastasis in mice upon radiation therapy. Furthermore, the nanoparticles or radiation alone had relatively low toxicity in cells and mice. Therefore, D-arginine-loaded MOF nanoparticles are relatively safe and highly effective in sensitizing osteosarcoma to radiotherapy.Helminths can interact with their hosts in many different ways, including through the secretion of soluble molecules (such as lipids, glycans and proteins) and extracellular vesicles (EVs). The field of helminth secreted EVs has significantly advanced in recent years, mainly due to the molecular characterisation of EV proteomes and research highlighting the potential of EVs and their constituent molecules in the diagnosis and control of parasitic infections. Despite these advancements, the lack of appropriate isolation and purification methods is impeding the discovery of suitable biomarkers for the differentiation of helminth EV populations. In the present review we offer our viewpoint on the different proteomic techniques and approaches that have been developed, as well as solutions to common pitfalls and challenges that could be applied to advance the study of helminth EVs.Burkholderia cenocepacia belongs to the Burkholderia Cepacia Complex, a group of 22 closely related species both of clinical and environmental origin, infecting cystic fibrosis patients. B. cenocepacia accounts for the majority of the clinical isolates, comprising the most virulent and transmissible strains. The capacity to form biofilms is among the many virulence determinants of B. cenocepacia, a characteristic that confers enhanced tolerance to some antibiotics, desiccation, oxidizing agents, and host defenses. Exopolysaccharides are a major component of biofilm matrices, particularly providing mechanical stability to biofilms. Recently, a water-insoluble exopolysaccharide produced by B. cenocepacia H111 in biofilm was characterized. In the present study, a water-soluble exopolysaccharide was extracted from B. cenocepacia H111 biofilm, and its structure was determined by GLC-MS, NMR and ESI-MS. The repeating unit is a linear rhamno-tetrasaccharide with 50% replacement of a 3-α-L-Rha with a α-3-L-Man. [2)-α-L-Rhap-(1→3)-α-L-[Rhap or Manp]-(1→3)-α-L-Rhap-(1→2)-α-L-Rhap-(1→]n Molecular modelling was used to obtain information about local structural motifs which could give information about the polysaccharide conformation.Electrooptical absorption measurements (EOAM), solvatochromic dependences and quantum chemical simulations testify to large dipole moments change of two quadrupolar oligophenylenevinylenes upon transition to Franck-Condon excited state μeFC. this website The values of the dipole moments μg and μeFC are in the range [(4.2 - 4.9)1030] C m and (30.8 - 47.0)1030C m, respectively. The relations of dipole moments in the ground and excited states determined by EOAM correlate well with results obtained via the solvatochromic method. Calculations carried out by density functional theory (DFT) show that optimized configuration of the ground state of these molecules is not planar. The results from all methods applied unequivocally show the structural symmetry breaking in the studied compounds.We report density functional theory (DFT) studies of vibrational modes for benzyltrimethylammonium cations (BeTriMe+) as well as THz, IR and Raman studies of [BeTriMe][M(dca)3(H2O)] (dca = N(CN)2-, dicyanamide; M = Mn2+, Co2+, Ni2+) and their anhydrous analogues. These studies show that the anhydrous BeTriMeMn and BeTriMeNi have the same or very similar structures and loss of water molecules leads to significant changes in the metal-dicyanamide frameworks. In particular, the number of dca modes decreases, suggesting increase of crystal symmetry, probablly related with decrease in the number of non-equivalent dca bridges from two to one. Although it is possible that dehydration leads to a replacement of the coordinate Mn-O (Ni-O) bonds by Mn-N (Ni-N) bonds, wherein N atoms come from the C≡N groups of previously non-bridged dca units, reversibility of the dehydration process indicates that such new bonds are either not formed or are very weak. The anhydrous Mn and Ni compounds undergo similar reversible phase transitions to lower symmetry phases. The driving force for these transitions is most likely ordering of dca linkers but this process is accompanied by weak distortion of the metal-dicyanamide frameworks. In the case of BeTriMeCo, the loss of water molecules also leads to significant changes in the cobalt-dicyanamide framework. However, the structure of this analogue is different from the structures of the Mn and Ni counterparts, the number of unique dca linkers is preserved and the dehydration process is irreversible, suggesting more drastic rearrangement of the metal-dicynamide framework.Peroxynitrite (ONOO-) is one of the species of reactive nitrogen (RNS), which plays an important role in antibacterial activity and signal transduction and other physiological and pathological processes. In this paper, based on the benzyl borate group, a new fluorescent probe capable of detecting ONOO- with high selectivity and sensitivity is designed, and the possible mechanism of the interaction between probe and ONOO- is proposed. The probe shows high fluorescence response to ONOO- in a wide pH range (7.0-11.5). Moreover, the probe exhibit good permeability, and the content of ONOO- in cancer cells and normal cells was successfully monitored.The anticancer activity of a transition metal complex with [Ni(L1)2L2]H2O (where L1 and L2 were acetylacetonato (acac) and 2-aminopyridine (2-ampy), respectively) was evaluated in MKN45 cell line. Methyl thiazolyl tetrazolium (MTT) assay was performed to assess the antitumor capacity of the Ni(II) complex against gastric cancer cell line MKN45. The complexexhibited high in vitro antitumor activity against MKN45 cells with IC50values of 1.99 μM in 48 hrs. The alterations in the structure of cellular biomolecules (proteins, lipids, carbohydrates, and especially DNA) by the Ni(II) complex were confirmed by bio spectroscopic studies. Fourier Transformed Infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy analysis revealed significant differences between untreated and treated MKN45 cell line in the region of glycogen, nucleic acid, amide I and amide II bands (1000, 1100, ~1650, and ~1577 cm-1). The absorption bands 1150 cm-1 and 1020-1025 cm-1 can be assigned to the CO bond of glycogen and other carbohydrates and are significantly overlapped by DNA. The interaction of calf thymus (CT) DNA with Ni(II) complex was explored using absorption spectral method. The UV-visible studies demonstrated that this complex was able to bind with DNA via groove, non-covalent, and electrostatic interactions, and binding constant (Kb) was found to be 3 * 104. Docking simulation and Non Covalent Interaction (NCI) topological analysis were conducted to provide insights into the nature of DNA/complex interactions. The binding affinity and binding stability of complex was validated by 400-ns MD simulations.
To implement RBE calculations in treatment planning systems based on the Microdosimetric Kinetic Model (MKM) upon analytical calculations of dose-mean lineal energy (y
). MKM relies on the patterns of energy deposition in sub-nuclear structures called domains, whose radii are cell-specific and need to be determined.

The radius of a domain (r
) can be determined from the linear-quadratic (LQ) curves from clonogenic experiments for different cell lines exposed to X-ray and proton beams with known y
. In this work, LQ parameters for two different human lung cell lines (H1299 and H460) are used, and y
among cells is calculated through an analytical algorithm. Once r
is determined, MKM-based calculations of RBE are implemented in a treatment planning system (TPS). Results are compared to those produced by phenomenological models of RBE, such as Carabe and McNamara.

Differences between model-based predictions and experimentally determined RBE are analyzed for y
=5keV/μm. For the H1299 line, mean differences in RBE are 0.13, -0.29 and -0.27 for our MKM-based calculation, Carabe and McNamara models, respectively. For the H460 line, differences become -0.044, -0.091 and -0.048, respectively. RBE is computed for these models in a simple plan, showing MKM the best agreement with the experimentally obtained RBE, keeping deviations below 0.08.

Microdosimetry calculations at the TPS-level provide tools to improve predictions of RBE using the MKM with actual values of y
instead of LET. The radius of the characteristic domain needs to be determined to tailor the RBE prediction for each cell or tissue.
Microdosimetry calculations at the TPS-level provide tools to improve predictions of RBE using the MKM with actual values of yD instead of LET. The radius of the characteristic domain needs to be determined to tailor the RBE prediction for each cell or tissue.
To evaluate the respiratory motion influence on the tridimensional (3D) dose delivery to breast-shaped phantoms using conformal radiotherapy (3D-RT), Field-in Field (FiF), and IMRT planning techniques.

This study used breast-shaped phantoms filled with MAGIC-f gel dosimeter to simulate the breast, and an oscillation platform to simulate the respiratory motion. The platform allowed motion in the anterior-posterior direction with oscillation amplitudes of 0.34cm, 0.88cm, and 1.22cm. CT images of the static phantom were used for the 3D-RT, FiF, and IMRT treatment planning. Five phantoms were prepared and irradiated for each planning technique evaluated. Phantom 1 was irradiated static, phantoms 2-4 were irradiated moving with the three different motion amplitudes, and phantom 5 was used as a reference. The 3D dose distributions were obtained by relaxometry of magnetic resonance imaging, and the respiratory motion influence in the doses distribution was accessed by gamma evaluations (3%/3mm/15% threshold) comparing the measurements of the phantoms irradiated under movement with the static ones.
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