Notes

Echocardiography does not extend peri-shock pause within cardiopulmonary resuscitation while using the COACH-RED process using non-expert sonographers throughout simulated cardiac event.
Acting on the assumption that fathers are important for their children, the results implicate a heightened focus on earlier trauma-informed interventions in families with difficulties and out-of-home care settings, to reduce stress levels and prevent intergenerational transmission of problematic family experiences. Current child and youth welfare services, in particular out-of-home placements, should take these trauma-informed approaches and therapy into account.The migrant mortality advantage has been observed extensively, but its authenticity is debated. In particular, concerns persist that the advantage is an artefact of the data, generated by the problems of recording mobility among foreign-born populations. Here, we build on the intersection of two recent developments the first showing substantial age variation in the advantage-a deep U-shaped advantage at peak migration ages-and the second showing high levels of population over-coverage, the principal source of data artefact, at the same ages. We use event history analysis of Sweden's population registers (2010-15) to test whether this over-coverage can explain age variation in the migrant mortality advantage. We document its U-shape in Sweden and, crucially, demonstrate that large mortality differentials persist after adjusting for estimated over-coverage. Our findings contribute to ongoing debate by demonstrating that the migrant mortality advantage is real and by ruling out one of its primary mechanisms.
Pneumonia due to
(PA) is associated with high mortality and requires antipseudomonal treatment. Since PA can colonize the respiratory tract, the diagnosis of pathogenic PA involvement is challenging.

To determine the prevalence of definitive and indeterminate PA infection in community-acquired pneumonia, to describe the clinical and microbiological profiles and to estimate the burden of unnecessary antipseudomonal drug prescriptions.

We prospectively enrolled 2,701 patients with community-acquired pneumonia. Using stringent criteria for diagnosing PA pneumonia, we generated three groups 1) definitive PA, 2) indeterminate PA, and 3) non-PA pneumonia.

The prevalence of definitive PA pneumonia was 0.9% (n = 25) and that of indeterminate PA pneumonia was 4.9% (n = 131). Considerable clinical differences were observed among the groups. Patients with definitive PA pneumonia were more likely to have a history of tuberculosis and COPD/bronchiectasis and had a higher 30-day mortality (28%) than patients witsary.Katharine Caddick, Hepatology Clinical Nurse Specialist, North Bristol NHS Trust ([email protected]), runner-up in the BJN Awards 2020 Hepatology/Liver Nurse of the Year category.Julie Reynolds and Gerri Mortimore discuss the difficulties advanced clinical practitioners face when taking on this new role, and how drawing on their transferable skills can help them make the transition.This evidence-based case study follows a child from a nursing assessment on the day of his elective surgery at a children's hospital for myringotomy and insertion of grommets under general anaesthesia through to his arrival at the operating room. Potential pre-operative problems are identified and two problems that arose are discussed in detail. The main care provider in this case was a student nurse referred to as 'the nurse', supported by a qualified nurse, referred to as the 'registered nurse', who performed some assessments.Richard Griffith, Senior Lecturer in Health Law at Swansea University, discusses recent cases from the Court of Protection that have focused on a person's mental capacity to engage safely with social media.Perioperative setting registered nurse first assistants (RNFAs) are described as non-medical practitioners who perform surgical interventions during surgery. They provide medical care to perioperative patients under the supervision of a consultant surgeon. First assistants in surgery can be an expanded perioperative nursing role. A review of the literature illuminates the need for continuous learning in developing skills in becoming competent RNFA practitioners and how they utilise acquired skills to assist, mentor and teach their colleagues within the perioperative setting. The RNFA is an advanced and expanded practice role. RNFAs contribute significantly to the provision of care within all phases of perioperative care (preoperative, intraoperative, postoperative). There is little literature on the role of the RNFA due to its relatively recent emergence in the healthcare sector and the small number of countries where it is implemented.Our teams are at the core of the NHS, but if we are to rebuild our services, we must first focus on the wellbeing of our staff, providing them with a space to heal, says Sam Foster, Chief Nurse, Oxford University Hospitals.Lung transplantation is a well-established treatment for a variety of end-stage pulmonary diseases. However, the journey of a lung transplant recipient is complex and multifaceted. Silicosis is a rare indication for lung transplantation, but no other treatment is yet available for this disease in its end stages. This Australian case study presents a 52-year-old man with silicosis who received bilateral lung transplantation. The patient was frequently noncompliant with noninvasive ventilation therapy and experienced the complication of type 2 respiratory failure. Patient education and support provided, particularly around medication management following transplantation surgery, are discussed here. The patient's social situation and its implications for both him and his family are also considered.Julie Carriss-Wright, Clinical Nurse Specialist, IBD, The Mid Yorkshire Hospitals NHS Trust ([email protected]), runner-up in the BJN Awards 2020 Gastrointestinal/IBD Nurse of the Year category.The World Health Organization (WHO) has acknowledged that high-income countries often address discrimination against people with mental health problems, but that low/middle income countries often have significant gaps in their approach to this subject-in how they measure the problem, and in strategies, policies and programmes to prevent it. Localised actions have occurred. These include the Hong Kong government's 2017 international conference on overcoming the stigma of mental illness, and the 2018 London Global Ministerial Mental Health Summit. Furthermore, the UK's Medical Research Council has funded Professor Graham Thornicroft (an expert in mental health discrimination and stigma) to undertake a global study. These and other approaches are welcome and bring improvements; however, they often rely on traditional westernised, 'global north' views/approaches. Given the rapid global demographic changes/dynamics and the lack of evidence demonstrating progress towards positive mental health globally, it is time to consider alternative and transformative approaches that encompasses diverse cultures and societies and aligns to the United Nations' Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs), specifically UN SDG 3 (Good health and wellbeing). This article describes the need for the change and suggests how positive change can be achieved through transnational inclusive mental health de-stigmatising education.Emeritus Professor Alan Glasper, from the University of Southampton, discusses two recent policy reports which indicate a potential crisis in mental health and learning disability nursing.
Note-taking is an integral component of professional nursing practice. If students are to complete this effectively, a range of teaching, learning and assessment strategies are required to support their development of this skill.

This study aimed to identify lecturers' perspectives of students' note-taking on placement to identify factors that limit the development of this skill; these perspectives could be used to explore strategies to support students to develop this skill while at university.

A qualitative study taking a phenomenological approach was carried out.

Three senior nursing practice visitors agreed to be interviewed.

Semistructured interviews were carried out and thematic analysis carried out to explore lecturers' perspectives of students' experiences of note-taking while on placement. selleck inhibitor These interviews were intended to obtain detailed accounts of note-taking and allow challenges to be explored.

Each participant observed and supported students' note-taking within practice placement settings. Three main themes emerged from the data limitations to students' vocabulary and literacy; inconsistency between trusts resulting in an inability to articulate experience; and note-taking clarity and accuracy.

Note-taking is central to nurses' education and professional documentation to support best practice and high-quality patient care. Variations in processes between trusts, stringency of standards required by the trusts where students attend placements, and students' writing abilities differ widely, which directly affect the consistency and accuracy of written notes.
Note-taking is central to nurses' education and professional documentation to support best practice and high-quality patient care. Variations in processes between trusts, stringency of standards required by the trusts where students attend placements, and students' writing abilities differ widely, which directly affect the consistency and accuracy of written notes.The incidence of body dysmorphic disorder (BDD) in young people is increasing. Causes of BDD are related to the prevalence of social media and adolescent development, especially the role that brain neuroplasticity has on influencing perception. There are long-term impacts of BDD, including depression and suicide. Prevention and promotion of positive body image are part of the nurse's role; treatment can prevent unnecessary aesthetic surgical interventions.John Tingle, Lecturer in Law, Birmingham Law School, University of Birmingham, discusses the Healthcare Safety and Inspection Branch report on Never Events.BackgroundRosmarinus officinalis L.is traditionally used as an infusion in the treatment of several diseases and in particular against neuropsychiatric disorders, such as anxiety and depression. It was established that rosemary extracts show an antidepressant effect on animal models. However, to the best of our knowledge, there is no scientific data that highlights the therapeutic effects of rosemary intake on human mental health.AimThis study investigated whether rosemary tea consumption affects the plasma levels of anxiety and depression biomarkers in healthy volunteers.MethodsTwenty-two healthy volunteers aged between 20 and 50 years old consumed rosemary tea prepared from 5 g of dried rosemary in 100 mL boiled water once a day for 10 days. Plasma concentrations of Brain-Derived Neurotrophic Factor (BDNF), Interleukine-6 (IL-6), Interleukine-4 (IL-4), Tumor Necrosis Factor- alpha (TNF-α), Interferon-gamma (IFNϒ), and cortisol were measured by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay using commercial ELISA kits (R&D systems) before rosemary consumption and at the end of the experiment.ResultsRosemary tea consumption significantly increased the concentration of BDNF([BDNF]D0 = 22363.86 ± 12987.66 pg/mL, [BDNF]D10 = 41803.64 ± 28109.19, p = 0.006) and TNF-α([TNF-α] D0 = 39.49 ± 14.44 pg/mL, [TNF-α] D10 = 56.24 ± 39.01, p = 0.016). However, a slight variation that was statistically non-significant in INFϒ, cortisol, IL-4, IL-6 levels and in the ratio IL-4/INFϒ was observed (p > 0.05).ConclusionOur findings highlight the promising anxiolytic and/or antidepressant effects of rosemary tea consumption in healthy volunteers since it increases the level of the most reliable depression biomarker BDNF. However, more powerful studies with larger sample size, carefully-chosen target population and, an extended intervention period are required.
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