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Canine companion animals can carry a number of zoonotic parasites which can adversely impact both human and animal health. Previous studies in Australia indicated that while parasitic infections in dogs are still common and there is variability in the awareness and perception of zoonotic risks among pet owners, the likely contribution of sociodemographic factors to the variation in awareness and perception needs to be further explored. The primary objective of this study is to quantify the relationship between dog owners' knowledge and beliefs about dog parasites and their sociodemographic characteristics. In this study, we surveyed a total of 281 dog owners in SE Queensland between April 2019 to March 2020 and the relationship between dog owners' perception of gastrointestinal parasite infection was assessed using an adaptation of the Health Belief Model, social cognitive framework for health protection. The model looked into the role of dog owners' demography on their perceived severity and susceptibility to zoonotic canine parasites and their likelihood of performing actions associated with worm control of their pets. Our results indicate that owners perceptions about parasitic disease severity in their pets was 26% higher in female dog owners compared to males, in respondents owning dogs over 10 years (27% higher than those owning a dog less then 3 years) and those owners that regularly deworm their pets and report faeces disposal. Our study indicates that the perceptions of pet owners towards zoonotic canine parasites varies demographically and owner education is important to prevent infection among dogs and control the zoonotic transmission to owners and the community. Finally, there was evidence that increased frequency of visits to veterinary clinics can increase the likelihood of owners performing worm treatment, proper faecal disposal, and cooking meat before feeding it to dogs.We described the case of 75 years old male patient with an airway obstruction due to retropharyngeal hematoma that developed after a minor blunt trauma to the face. The patient was not taking any anticoagulants or antiplatelet agents and did not have any coagulopathy. This case report indicates that emergency physicians must be aware of the risk of delayed airway obstruction in elderly patients regardless of whether the patient is using anticoagulants or antiplatelet agents.Iatrogenic arteriovenous fistulae are rare occurrences after venepuncture, line placement or trauma. Presentations and symptoms can vary but they are usually identified soon after the causative injury due to the development of a visible, palpable, and pulsatile lump that can be concerning for patients. We describe the presentation and management of an unusual case of delayed presentation of an iatrogenic, traumatic brachio-brachial fistula.
Late presentation of Quadriceps tendon rupture (QTR) is rare. Treatment of neglected QTR's can be challenging due to scar tissue and muscle wasting and may require augmentation. Delayed tendon repairs tend to have less favourable outcome compared to acute repairs. There are very few case reports of delayed repair using various techniques.

a case series of 5 patients (6 tendon ruptures) presenting late with quadriceps tendon rupture. Repair was performed using a Codivilla V-Y plasty to extend the tendon, followed by LARS artificial ligament augmentation. All patients then received 6weeks targeted physiotherapy after wound healing.

Repair using our technique was possible in all patients. No patients needed to return to theatre due to re-rupture or infection. Only one patient required oral antibiotics for a superficial wound infection. No patient was left with a functional deficit following physiotherapy, with 4 of the 6 repairs achieving a full range of movement.

V-Y plasty followed by LARS augmentation can be used safely and reproducibly for the repair of delayed presentation quadriceps tendon ruptures in our cohort comprising of both healthy and co-morbid patients to achieve good functional results.
V-Y plasty followed by LARS augmentation can be used safely and reproducibly for the repair of delayed presentation quadriceps tendon ruptures in our cohort comprising of both healthy and co-morbid patients to achieve good functional results.
Hickman catheter placement rarely causes cardiac tamponade due to cardiac perforation in children. Cardiac perforation can be managed with timely perceive and appropriate approach. We present a case of the cardiac perforation related to Hickman catheter insertion in a 7-year-old girl and a review of the supporting literature.

The patient had previous history of Thalassemia and admitted to hospital for Hickman catheter placement for bone marrow transplantation. The catheter was placed in the right internal jugular vein by ultrasonography. During the postoperative period she had hypoxia, hypotension and tachycardia. The patient underwent an emergency surgery and there was a small perforation between vena cava superior and right atrium. That wound was managed by mediastinotomy. The patient was discharge on the 8th postoperative day.

Cardiac perforation is one of the rare and unexpected complications of Hickman catheter placement. Unfortunately, the complication may cause significant mortality. The prompt diagnosis and early intervention provides satisfactory results.
Cardiac perforation is one of the rare and unexpected complications of Hickman catheter placement. Unfortunately, the complication may cause significant mortality. The prompt diagnosis and early intervention provides satisfactory results.A 77-year-old woman with no medical history fell, and her face was strongly impacted on the ground. On arrival at our hospital, her initial vital signs were stable. She underwent an endoscopy to stop the bleeding. However, identification of the origin of the bleeding failed, and her injury resulted in hemorrhagic shock during the procedure. Head to face contrast computed tomography showed extravasation of contrast media into the maxillary sinus. Transcatheter arterial embolization was performed for the ruptured infraorbital artery branching from the maxillary artery. She recovered from the "shock" state after transcatheter arterial embolization and was admitted to the intensive care unit. There were no complications associated with transcatheter arterial embolization during hospitalization. For this case, early recognition of an active hemorrhage was challenging because the hemorrhage was pooled in the sinuses. Although epistaxis is sometimes fatal, transcatheter arterial embolization can be the first choice for the treatment of life-threatening epistaxis, owing to its safety and effectiveness.
False traumatic aneurysm (FTA) or pseudoaneurysm and traumatic arteriovenous fistulas (TAVF) are rare pathologies in civilian trauma and mainly result from stabs or gunshot wounds. The posterior tibial artery as site of trauma is very rare.

We report on a 39-year old female patient who was suffering from combined FTA and TAVF of the posterior tibial artery after falling into a wine glass. learn more CT-imaging as well as duplex ultrasound and selective arteriography were performed, and two stent-grafts were inserted.

Based on the presented case, incidence of the described pathology, treatment options and outcomes are discussed.

Adequate imaging in penetrating wounds to the extremities is crucial in order to provide diagnosis and treatment of concomitant lesions.
Adequate imaging in penetrating wounds to the extremities is crucial in order to provide diagnosis and treatment of concomitant lesions.Traumatic cardiac injury is not rare. Especially cardiac contusion with sternal fracture due to blunt trauma in common. But cardiac rupture due to direct injury from fractured sternum in very rare. There were two case of cardiac injury supposed to be due to direct injury from fractured sternum. We operated immediately, so we could save these patients. Our cases show that it's rare but blunt trauma could make sternum fracture with direct injury to right side heart.Anterior shoulder dislocation is the most common joint dislocation, unreducible dislocations however are a rare occurrence. The causes of the irreducibility vary, with interposition of soft tissues or bony fragments within the glenohumeral joint being the usual culprits. We present the case of an irreducible anterior shoulder dislocation with concomitant greater and lesser tuberosity fractures, with interposition of the subscapularis and lesser tuberosity thereby preventing reduction. We present the case of a 54-year-old female presenting with a left shoulder fracture dislocation after a fall from a 1.8-meter ladder. Patient was taken to the operating room after undergoing a CT scan. Attempts of closed reduction after administration of general anesthesia were unsuccessful. Open reduction and internal fixation with plate and screws was done through a deltopectoral approach. Intra-operatively, the lesser tuberosity and the subscapularis were found to be the cause of the irreducibility of the dislocation. At the latest follow up at 6 months post-op, the patient had regained a normal ROM with a good function. The vast majority of shoulder fracture dislocations are easily reducible, with only a limited number of case reports discussing irreducible fracture-dislocations. The causes of the irreducibility comprise interposition of soft tissue or bony fragments within the glenohumeral joint such as avulsed labrum or tendons, glenoid or humeral bony fragments interposition, and tensioning of nerves or tendons such as the biceps or subscapularis around the humeral head. CT scans are in our opinion very important for proper surgical planning when needed and for possible identification of an irreducible dislocation. Orthopedic surgeons should be aware that difficult closed reductions of the glenohumeral joint, whenever encountered, should raise the possibility of interposition of bony fragments or soft tissues where surgical treatment might be mandatory.Open humeral shaft fractures comprise approximately 2% of all fractures of the humerus. Nearly 20% of open humeral shaft fractures will develop deep infection, increasing the risk of nonunion regardless of treatment method. Recalcitrant septic nonunion of the humeral shaft is a complex and challenging problem. Operative treatment should aim to eradicate infection, address bony defects, and establish a stable construct that affords early motion. We describe the case of a 38-year-old male with a recalcitrant humeral shaft septic nonunion following fixation of an open humeral shaft fracture. Management of the infection consisted of periodic surgical debridement and IV antibiotics, resulting in a 10 cm segmental defect. Definitive fixation was achieved using the combination of an antegrade intramedullary nail, intercalary femoral shaft allograft, compression plating, and autologous bone graft. In addition to achieving bony union, the patient regained his pre-injury ROM and function, which was clinically sustained at 2-year follow-up.In inferior shoulder dislocation (ISD) cases, closed reduction usually achieves reduction and irreducible ISD is extremely rare. To date, only two cases requiring open reduction have been reported. Herein, we describe a case of an irreducible ISD that required open reduction. A 90-year-old woman fell at home and presented to our hospital. Plain radiography revealed a right ISD and greater tuberosity avulsion fracture. Because reduction under general anesthesia was difficult, we performed open reduction. The humeral head was entrapped by the inferior shoulder capsule. Since inferior instability remained after reduction, we reduced and fixed the greater tuberosity fracture and repaired the rotator cuff tear (RCT). This case suggested that humeral head entrapment by the inferior capsule and decreased force couple toward the humeral head by the greater tuberosity fracture and RCT cause irreducibility. Moreover, since instability can remain after reduction for ISD accompanying greater tuberosity fracture or RCT, preparing for implantations to repair these lesions is recommended.
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