Notes

Quantitative proteomics recognizes biomarkers to distinguish pulmonary via neck and head squamous cell carcinomas by immunohistochemistry.
The data indicate that in all RCs both charge recombination pathways, the thermally activated one and a direct one without involvement of the P+BA- state, are controlled by the protein dynamics. It is concluded that the modifications of the protein environment affect the overall back electron transfer kinetics primarily by changing the redox potential of BA and not by changing the protein relaxation dynamics.Polypharmacy and heart failure are becoming increasingly common due to an ageing population and the rise of multimorbidity. Treating heart failure necessitates prescribing of multiple medications, in-line with national and international guidelines predisposing patients to polypharmacy. This review aims to identify how polypharmacy has been defined among heart failure patients in the literature, whether a standard definition in relation to heart failure could be identified and to describe the prevalence. The Healthcare Database Advanced Search (HDAS) was used to search EMBASE, MEDLINE, PubMed, Cinahl and PsychInfo from inception until March 2021. Articles were included of any design, in patients ≥ 18 years old, with a diagnosis of heart failure; that explicitly define and measure polypharmacy. Data were thereafter extracted and described using a narrative synthesis approach. A total of 7522 articles were identified with 22 meeting the inclusion criteria. buy Tanzisertib No standard definition of polypharmacy was identified. The most common definition was that of " ≥ 5 medications." Polypharmacy prevalence was high in heart failure populations, ranging from 17.2 to 99%. Missing or heterogeneous methods for defining heart failure and poor patient cohort characterisation limited the impact of most studies. Polypharmacy, most commonly defined as ≥ 5 medications, is highly prevalent in the heart failure population. There is a need for an internationally agreed definition of polypharmacy, allowing accurate review of polypharmacy issues. Whether an arbitrary numerical cut-off is a suitable definition, rather than medication appropriateness, remains unclear. Further studies are necessary to understand the relationship between polypharmacy with specific types of heart failure and related comorbidities.The COVID-19 pandemic has necessitated adaptation of cancer patient care. Oncology patients who contract COVID-19 have poor outcomes. Telemedicine clinics (teleclinics) have been introduced for cancer patients to reduce the risk of horizontal transmission at St. Bartholomew's Hospital and The Royal Free Hospital in London. Teleclinics have become routine in many specialities; however, inclusion in oncology care was not standard prior to the pandemic. A mixed-methods survey was designed and delivered to cancer patients (n = 106) at St. Bartholomew's Hospital and The Royal Free Hospital who had transitioned to teleclinics in March 2020. The survey explored patients' perceptions of this format. In total, 96 (90.5%) patients consented to take part, across a range of tumour types. Overall, respondents reacted favourably to the format of the teleclinics, with 90.6% of respondents (87/96) stating they would utilise teleclinics beyond the pandemic. Additionally, a survey was distributed to clinicians delivering these teleclinics (n = 16) to explore previous training in, perceptions of, and lessons learned from the introduction of telemedicine. Results suggest patients are accepting of teleclinic use for most clinical purposes. Teleclinic implementation affords benefits to cancer patient care both during and after COVID-19, but there is an urgent need for telemedicine education in oncology specialty training.Gambling disorder (GD) is a form of behavioral addiction. In recent years, it has been suggested that the application of transcranial Direct Current Stimulation (tDCS) to the dorsolateral prefrontal cortex (DLPFC), which plays a key role in top-down inhibitory control and impulsivity, may represent a new therapeutic approach for treating addictions. Here we investigated the effectiveness of a novel low dose tDCS protocol (i.e. six sessions of right anodal/left cathodal tDCS for 20 min, with a current intensity of 1 mA) applied to DLPFC in a patient with GD. To evaluate the effect of the proposed intervention, cognitive, psychological and behavioural evaluations were performed at different time points, pre and post intervention. The results showed improvement of impulsivity, decision making, and cognitive functioning after tDCS intervention. Findings of the present study suggest that low doses of right anodal/left cathodal tDCS to DLPFC may effectively improve gambling behaviour. They also suggest to carefully evaluate the effects of this tDCS polarity on the patient's emotional state. The current protocol warrants further investigation in large groups of patients, as it may provide relevant insights into the design of effective, low dose treatments of gambling disorder.
Data on nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) in the Philippines are scarce. We aimed to compare the clinical and biochemical profiles of lean (BMI<23) vs. non-lean (BMI≥23) NAFLD patients.

Consecutive patients diagnosed with NAFLD on ultrasound in two outpatient hepatology clinics from February 2007-January 2017 were included. Patients with significant alcohol intake, alternative causes of steatosis, and incomplete data were excluded.

A total of 663 patients (57.9% male) were included. Most patients were non-lean (88.1%) and had an elevated alanine aminotransferase (ALT) (63%). Cirrhosis or hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) were already present in 8.4% on initial consultation. Concomitant hepatitis B was equally common in patients with and without cirrhosis (20.7% vs. 17.5%;p=0.660) or HCC (17.9% vs. 12.8%;p=0.415). Independent factors associated with HCC/cirrhosis on initial consultation were older age (OR=1.038), low albumin (OR=0.428), high BARD score (BMI, AST/ALT ratio, T2 diabetes mellitus; OR or HCC were already present in a significant proportion (8.4%) of NAFLD patients on initial presentation.
The training of mindfulness enhances the emotive and cognitive equilibrium and well-being in older adults. So some authors hypothesize it is an appropriate approach to cultivating these benefits and a good quality of life in Alzheimer's patients (AD-P) at early stage and in their caregivers (Cg) (Dyad).

Our main hypothesis is that AD-P and Cg who completed the program of Mindfulness-Based Interventions (MBIs) training would experience improvements in well-being and mood and cognitive performance (AD-P attention and memory).

The perspective randomized controlled will enroll the Dyad of 80 Alzheimer's patients (age ≥ 60) and 80 caregivers (age > 18) who will be randomly assigned to 6 months MBI training in groups and to control group study. All outcome will be analyzed before intervention (baseline), after follow-up 1 (at the end of treatment), after 6months (follow-up 2) and after 1year (follow-up 3) from the end of treatment.

AD-P-expected outcomes (a) improvement of the quality of life (QoL-AD); (b) decrease of depression (BDI); (c) improvement of spiritual well-being (Facit SWB Index); (d) improvement of attention and good cognitive performance Rey Memory Test (MFIT); (e) decrease of neuropsychiatric symptoms. (NPI)-Cg-expected outcomes (a) improvement of the quality of life (SF36); (b) decrease of the care burden (CBI); (c) decrease of depression (BDI); (d) improvement of self-awareness (FFMQ); (e) increase in spiritual-well-being (Facit SWB).

This study could provide a clues on multidisciplinary interventions as secondary prevention of Alzheimer's dementia and on stress reduction in family caregivers.
This study could provide a clues on multidisciplinary interventions as secondary prevention of Alzheimer's dementia and on stress reduction in family caregivers.
During the walk along the streets, older adults are exposed to various visual stimuli that can affect their gait in a harmful or beneficial way.

To evaluate gait strategies during different situations with and without visual stimulation in older adults to identify the influence of the visual stimulus on these gait parameters.

A total of 200 older adults were divided into 4 groups according to age range between 60 and 102years. Gait was evaluated in the following situations (1) habitual gait (HG); (2) gait with the visual stimulation (GVS) provided by a pedestrian traffic light, and (3) GVS associated with a cognitive task (GVS-C). The GAITRite Platinum equipment was used to assess gait variables.

Comparison of GVS and HG revealed that the visual stimulus influences the gait parameters and promotes a gait speed increase. However, to increase their gait speed, older adults aged 60-89years used strategies of increased step length and cadence, whereas subjects older than 90years used only strategies of increased cadence. In addition, comparison of GVS and GVS-C revealed a decrease in gait speed in all age ranges when the cognitive task was added, although this reduction was more pronounced in subjects older than 70years.

Visual stimulus influences the gait parameters in older adults and the strategy used is different depending on their age, a fact that shows that traffic light may be an interesting strategy to improve the gait performance during physical therapy.
Visual stimulus influences the gait parameters in older adults and the strategy used is different depending on their age, a fact that shows that traffic light may be an interesting strategy to improve the gait performance during physical therapy.
Anorexia Nervosa (AN) has been linked to emotion processing inefficiencies, social cognition difficulties and emotion dysregulation, but data on Facial Emotion Recognition (FER) are heterogenous and inconclusive. This study aims to explore FER in patients with AN using a dynamic and ecological evaluation, and its relationship with Physical Activity (PA), an important aspect of AN that could impact emotional processing.

Sixty-six participants (33 patients with AN and 33 healthy controls) performed a morphed facial emotional recognition task and 49 of them wore an accelerometer during seven days to assess PA. Axis-I disorders and depressive symptoms have been assessed.

No difference was found regarding time to recognize facial emotions. However, patients with AN correctly recognize emotions more frequently than controls. This was specific to disgust, although there was also a tendency for sadness. Among patients, higher depressive scores are associated with a faster and more accurate recognition of disgust, while a higher level of PA is associated to decreased accuracy in recognizing sadness.

Patients with AN are capable of recognizing facial emotions as accurately as controls, but could have a higher sensitivity in recognizing negative emotions, especially disgust and sadness. PA has opposite effects and, thus, could be considered as an emotional regulation strategy against negative affect.

Controlled trial without randomization.
Controlled trial without randomization.
The effect of psychopathology on swallowing ability tends to be an overlooked issue in the assessment of dysphagic patients, possibly overshadowed by the given prominence to organic pathologies and the difficulties on the management of these patients. In addition, it should also be kept in mind that a great number of psychotropic drugs can affect swallowing adding problematic clinical issues in this area. Despite this, assessment of dysphagia should be considered as an extremely important issue, due to its impact on basic symptomatology, course of illness and quality of life.

This review aims to be an overview of relevant data on psychopathology associated with dysphagia and impairment of swallowing function.

An extensive bibliographic search was carried out in different medical databases (PubMed and Psycharticles) to comprehensively identify the most relevant publications available on dysphagia in eating disorders published until December 2020, according to the PRISMA (Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic reviews and Meta-Analysis) method.
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