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Signal boosting of SiO2 nanoparticle packed horseradish peroxidase pertaining to colorimetric recognition involving direct ions within drinking water.
Behavioral patterns on seeking health are pertinent in terms of how waste is managed. However, informal approach towards waste management has led to poor environmental attitude and pernicious health consequences for many Nigerians. Despite plethora of scientific investigation on waste management, there has been paucity of information on health-seeking behavior and waste management practices among market women, hence the need for this research. The study aimed at assessing the health-seeking behavioral pattern of women traders on waste management in major urban markets in Owerri, Nigeria by identifying the extent of their commitment to sustainable waste management practices, investigating health-seeking behaviors that influence their attitude towards waste management and measuring prevalence of waste-related diseases among them. Data collection for the study involved a cross-sectional survey of 739 women trading in three Owerri major urban markets in line with the study's aim. Results show that motivation to manage waste for disease control was effectively predicted by type of trading item (Omnibus Test χ2 = 13.871, df = 3, p-value = 0.003); Cochran-Armitage tests of trend show that there is no statistically linear trend between the proportions of understanding the 3Rs and the rankings for methods of seeking health; understanding the 3Rs was not determined by health-seeking method as most methods were with motivation to manage waste discordant (4 out 5 health-seeking methods had negative Goodman & Kruskal's G values); PCA on the prevalence of waste-related diseases had a two-component structure which followed acute and chronic dimensions; vegetable and plastics comprised the highest waste streams with plastics being most reused waste type while government is mainly responsible for waste disposal. The study recommends a knowledge transfer approach in entrenching sustainable waste management practices. © 2020 the Author(s), licensee AIMS Press.Background Burnout syndrome is a Psycho-somatic state resulting from prolonged exposure to job stressors that leads to negative self-concept, Job dissatisfaction and lack of communication with the client. Rural health centers because of lack of facilities and lack of knowledge of the service users are characterized by a high level of work-related stress, a factor known to increase the risk of burnout syndrome. The purpose of this study was to determine burnout syndrome and Job Satisfaction among health care workers in rural areas of southeastern Iran. Methods This is a cross-sectional study that has been conducted among 225 of the healthcare workers with more than five years of experience using simple random sampling method. Data were collected by a Maslach's burnout inventory and Smith's job satisfaction questionnaire. Data were analyzed using dependent and independent t-test, one-way ANOVA and Pearson correlation coefficient. Results The results of this study showed that the rate of burnout and job satisfaction score in health centers in rural areas was moderate. In job satisfaction, the highest score was related to the colleague and the lowest score was related to salaries and benefits. The emotional exhaustion had a negative significant effect on job satisfaction (p less then 0.01). Conclusion Considering the importance of rural community health, burnout status of health care workers should be improved. It is necessary to provide appropriate interventions to decrease stress relating to role conflict, professional communications, factors related to the families and work load. © 2020 the Author(s), licensee AIMS Press.Background Norovirus is the commonest cause of acute viral gastroenteritis with significant morbidity. Extra intestinal manifestation following norovirus infection is rare and the mechanism is unknown. Methods We undertook a review of the English literature published from January 1967 to April 2019 to evaluate the risk of acute viral hepatitis due to norovirus gastroenteritis. Data sources included MEDLINE, EMBASE, Cochrane library, and references within identified articles. Results We identified 126 potential studies and included 5 publications involving 17 cases of norovirus induced hepatitis, and all had elevated ALT (31.7-458IU/l) and AST levels (45.6-1150IU/l). Majority of the cases were below the age of 18 (88%, n = 15) and almost two-third (64.7%, n = 11) had supportive treatment, mainly intravenous fluid administration. In cases reporting sex, there were more females than males (62.5%, 5/8 vs. read more 37.5%, 3/8). The duration of illness was longer, on average 10 days, compared to 3 days in those without elevated transaminitis and it took an average of 22.5 days for liver enzymes to settle. All patients recovered fully with no progression to chronic liver disease. Conclusion Norovirus gastroenteritis is a self-limiting illness with majority not requiring hospitalisation and invasive investigations. We recommend that clinicians should be aware of norovirus induced transaminitis, and to suspect this especially in children who are likely to have protracted illness and require hospitalisation due to norovirus acute hepatitis. © 2020 the Author(s), licensee AIMS Press.Introduction Understanding which foods are introduced in the diet and when provides valuable information on complementary feeding. Fortified baby rice cereal is the most common first solid food given to infants, often followed by other baby cereals. The objective of this study was to examine food patterns among infants and toddlers consuming rice or non-rice baby cereals versus non-consumers. Methods NHANES 2001-2014 data were used to assess dietary intake, nutrient adequacy, and food specific patterns of infants and toddlers. Groups were baby cereal non-consumers (n = 3,910), non-rice baby cereal consumers (n = 711), and rice baby cereal consumers (n = 966). Those consuming both non-rice cereal and rice cereal were included in the rice cereal group (n = 9, 48, 61, and 10 for those 0-3, 4-6, 7-11, and 12-23 mos, respectively). Least-square means ± SEs were determined for nutrient intake and food group consumption by using covariate controlled regression analyses (p less then 0.01). Results Baby cereal consumer groups, compared to non-consumers, had higher intakes of carbohydrates, iron, calcium, magnesium, zinc, and vitamin E, with lower percentage having intakes below the Estimated Average Requirement for iron, calcium, and vitamin E.
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