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Accessory CL development did not differ between IG and CG in the hCG treatment group. Our findings indicate that CL development and plasma P4 and E2 concentrations were not affected by the existence of the first-wave DF; however, first-wave DF development was affected by the existence of a CL in the same ovary.Bovine coronavirus (BCoV) is an etiological agent of bovine respiratory disease (BRD). BRD is a costly illness worldwide; thus, epidemiological surveys of BCoV are important. Here, we conducted a molecular epidemiological survey of BCoV in respiratory-diseased and healthy cattle in Japan from 2016 to 2018. We found that 21.2% (58/273) of the respiratory-diseased cattle were infected with BCoV. The respiratory-diseased cattle had virus amounts 4.7 times higher than those in the asymptomatic cattle. Phylogenetic analyses showed that the BCoV identified in Japan after 2005 formed an individual lineage that was distinct from the strains found in other countries. These results suggest that BCoV is epidemic and has evolved uniquely in Japan.Adipose-derived stem cells (ADSCs) are promising cell sources for regenerative medicine due to the simplicity of their harvest and culture; however, their biological properties are not completely understood. Moreover, recent murine and human studies identified several functional subpopulations of ADSCs varying in differentiation potential; however, there is a lack of research on canine ADSCs. Cystine transporter (xCT) is a stem cell marker in gastric and colon cancers that interacts with CD44 to enhance cystine uptake from the cell surface and subsequently accelerates intercellular glutathione levels. In this study, we identified a ~5% functional subpopulation of canine ADSCs with xCT+ expression (xCTHi). Compared with those of the xCT- subpopulation (xCTLo), the xCTHi subpopulation showed a significantly higher proliferation rate, higher expression of conventional stem cell markers (SOX2, KLF4, and c-Myc), and higher expression of adipogenic markers (FABP4 and PPARγ). By contrast, the xCTLo subpopulation showed significantly higher expression of osteogenic markers (BMP1 and SPP) than xCTHi cells. These results suggest xCT as a candidate marker for detecting a functional subpopulation of canine ADSCs. Mechanistically, xCT could increase the adipogenic potential while decreasing the osteogenic differentiation potential, which could serve as a valuable target marker in regenerative veterinary medicine.A Japanese resident bird, Phalacrocorax carbo hanedae (Japanese name Kawa-u), was threatened with extinction due to deterioration of its habitat in the 1970s, but the population has since recovered thanks to environmental protection measures. This study analyzed the genetic diversity of 18 Kawa-u individuals living in the basins of the Abe and Warashina rivers in Shizuoka Prefecture, Japan. We obtained seven haplotypes of mitochondrial D-loop sequences and compared them with 49 European P. carbo D-loop haplotypes. We identified four new haplotypes but no clear genetic evidence distinguishing the Kawa-u as a distinct subspecies of P. carbo. Our results suggest the need for further surveillance of the P. carbo genetic lineage, regardless of the geographical distribution.Hepatitis E virus (HEV) is a common cause of acute hepatitis. Four major genotypes of HEV have been studied, with genotype 4 being the predominant genotype across Asia. We herein describe the case of a 50-year-old man with a history of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection who was admitted with acute transaminitis. Serum anti-HEV-IgA and HEV-RNA were detected at the time of presentation and further testing revealed HEV genotype 4. To the best of our knowledge, this represents the first clinical case report of acute symptomatic HEV genotype 4 infection in an HIV-positive patient in Japan.Thiopurine drugs are commonly used to treat immunologic diseases. However, the narrow therapeutic safety margin demands evidence-based precision medicine approaches. NUDT15 variants are associated with thiopurine-induced adverse events, particularly in Asians. We herein report a rare genotype of His/His in NUDT15 codon 139 in a case of ulcerative colitis and review the relevant literature. The patient experienced severe thiopurine-associated adverse events, including leukopenia and alopecia. Epacadostat datasheet There is no literature on the His/His genotype in NUDT15 codon 139, and our case suggests cautious use or the contraindication of thiopurines for patients with this genotype.We herein report a 75-year-old man with non-small-cell lung cancer who developed tubulointerstitial nephritis due to pembrolizumab administration. He was successfully treated with atezolizumab following steroid administration. He was initially diagnosed with lung adenocarcinoma (T1bN3M1b, stage IV), with a programmed cell death-ligand 1 tumor proportion score of 25-49%. Although the tumor responded well to pembrolizumab, the drug was discontinued because of the diagnosis of tubulointerstitial nephritis on a renal biopsy. Tubulointerstitial nephritis was treated with 30 mg prednisolone, the dose of which was tapered to and maintained at 5 mg. Following lung cancer progression, atezolizumab was administered, and the tumor responded again. Its efficacy has been sustained for >15 months without recurrence of tubulointerstitial nephritis.A 66-year-old man with type 2 diabetes was admitted for glycemic control and weight loss. Epacadostat datasheet The rectal mucosa was unfortunately injured during glycerin enema administration in preparation for colonoscopy, after which dark red urine and renal dysfunction were observed. Considering the clinical diagnosis of glycerol-induced hemolysis and acute kidney injury, intravenous hydration and haptoglobin administration were started, which successfully treated the dark red urine and renal dysfunction. This case highlights the importance of appropriate glycerin enema administration and emphasizes the need to recognize glycerol-induced hemolysis and acute kidney injury as complications of glycerin enemas. This case also provides insight into glycerol-induced hemolysis and acute kidney injury as complications of glycerin enemas.
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