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The identification of asymptomatic patients at high risk of internal carotid artery (ICA) stenosis destabilization and symptom occurrence is crucial for prognosis estimation.

This study aimed to determine differences between patients with symptomatic and asymptomatic ICA stenosis and to develop a predictive model for the risk of symptomatic stenosis based on data collected in routine clinical practice.

The study included 163 patients with asymptomatic and 182 patients with symptomatic ICA stenosis greater than 70%. The study groups were compared in terms of stroke risk factors and comorbidities, coexisting ICA stenosis on the contralateral side, atherosclerosis in other arterial territories, and the morphology of atherosclerotic plaque assessed by transcervical ultrasound.

Independent risk factors for symptomatic ICA stenosis included male sex (odds ratio [OR], 2.94; 95% CI, 1.87-4.32; P <0.001), diabetes (OR, 2.86; 95% CI, 1.62-5.12; P <0.001), body mass index >25 kg/m2 (OR, 1.81; 95% CI, 1.72-1.86; P <0.001), chronic kidney disease (OR, 3.34; 95% CI, 1.34-8.87; P = 0.007), increased‑risk features of ultrasound plaque morphology (OR, 2.52; 95% CI, 1.29-3.72; P = 0.009), and coexisting atherosclerosis in 3 or 4 vascular areas (OR, 3.72; 95% CI, 1.77-7.23; P <0.001).The sensitivity and specificity of the scoring model designed to estimate the risk of symptomatic ICA stenosis reached 77.6% and 76.9%, respectively.

This cross‑sectional study indicated that the analysis of selected imaging and clinical parameters may enable clinicians to estimate the risk of symptomatic ICA stenosis. The proposed scoring system requires further prospective validation.
This cross‑sectional study indicated that the analysis of selected imaging and clinical parameters may enable clinicians to estimate the risk of symptomatic ICA stenosis. The proposed scoring system requires further prospective validation.
There is a paucity of real‑world registries concerning patients with chronic coronary syndromes (CCS).

We aimed to assess the long‑term outcomes of patients with CCS and after coronary angiography performed in accordance with the treatment strategy.

The analysis involved 11 021 patients treated in a single center between 2006 and 2016 who were enrolled into the ongoing PRESAGE registry. Based on the results of coronary angiography and the treatment strategy adopted, patients were classified into 4 groups with nonsignificant lesions (n = 3637), undergoing percutaneous coronary intervention (n = 4678), undergoing coronary artery bypass grafting (CABG; n = 997), and receiving conservative treatment (notwithstanding significant lesions on an angiogram; n = 1709). All‑cause death, assessed in every study group at 1-, 3-, and 5‑year follow‑up, was regarded as the primary outcome measure.

The mean (SD) age of the study patients was 64.6 (9.5) years, and women constituted 35% of the cohort. Patients treated comes of patients with CCS. The population of CCS patients is heterogeneous, and long‑term prognosis is also varied. The poorest characteristics and outcomes were reported in patients with significant lesions and ineligible for revascularization procedures.
The rapid spread of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) has dramatic effects on individuals and health care systems. In our institute, a tertiary oncologic public hospital with high surgical volume, we prioritize maintaining cancer treatment as well as possible. The aim of this study is to evaluate if uro-oncological surgeries at pandemic are safe.

We evaluated patients who underwent uro-oncological procedures. Epidemiological data, information on COVID-19 infection related to surgery and clinical characteristics of non-survival operative patients with COVID-19 infections were analyzed.

From 213 patients analyzed, Covid-19 symptoms were noticed in 8 patients at preoperative process or at hospital admission postponing operation; 161 patients were submitted to elective surgery and 44 to emergency surgery. From patients submitted to elective surgeries, we had 1 patient with laboratory confirmation of COVID-19 (0,6%), with mild symptoms and quick discharge. From the urgencies group, we had 6(13%)patients tested positive; 5 were taken to ICU with 4 deaths.

Elective uro-oncological procedures at the COVID-19 epidemic period in a COVID-19-free Institute are safe, and patients who need urgent procedures, with a long period of hospitalization, need special care to avoid COVID-19 infection and its outcomes.
Elective uro-oncological procedures at the COVID-19 epidemic period in a COVID-19-free Institute are safe, and patients who need urgent procedures, with a long period of hospitalization, need special care to avoid COVID-19 infection and its outcomes.
To evaluate changes in verumontanum anatomy in patients with benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH) who used 5-alpha reductase inhibitors (5-ARIs) and to propose an anatomical classification of the verumontanum.

We studied 86 patients with BPH and 7 patients without the disease (age under 40 years-old who underwent kidney or ureteral lithotripsy). Of the patients with BPH, 34 (mean age=67.26) had 5-ARIs use and 52 (mean age=62.69) did not use the drug. During surgeries, photographs of the seminal colliculus were taken and later, with the aid of software (Image J), the length (longitudinal diameter) and width (transverse diameter) of the verumontanum were measured in all patients. During the procedure, we evaluated the different types of verumontanum. For statistical analysis, the R-Project software was used.

In the group of patients with BPH who were taking medication (group 1), the mean measures of length and width of the verumontanum were 4.69mm and 2.94mm respectively. In the group of patients with BPH wof treatment. In the control group, there was an increase in verumontanum diameters with an increase in BMI. The volcano type of verumontanum was the most frequent regardless of groups and BMI.
Sperm DNA fragmentation is a major cellular mechanism underlying varicocele-related male infertility. However, the type of DNA fragmentation - whether oxidative or of another nature - remains unknown. Thus, the aim of this study was to evaluate single- and double-stranded sperm DNA fragmentation, and oxidative-induced sperm DNA damage in men with varicocele.

A cross-sectional study was performed, including 94 normozoospermic adults, of which 39 men without varicocele (controls) and 55 men with varicocele grades II or III, uni- or bilaterally. All men collected semen by masturbation. After semen analysis, the remaining volume was used for evaluation of three types of sperm DNA damage (i) total DNA fragmentation, using an alkaline comet assay, (ii) double-stranded DNA fragmentation, using a neutral comet assay, and (iii) oxidative DNA damage, using an alkaline comet assay associated with the DNA glycosylase formamidopyrimidine enzyme. In each assay, percentage of sperm with any degree of DNA fragmentation, and with high DNA fragmentation were compared between the groups using an unpaired Student's t test or a Mann-Whitney test.

The varicocele group presented a higher rate of sperm with fragmented DNA (both any and high DNA fragmentation), considering single-stranded DNA fragmentation, double-stranded DNA fragmentation, or a combination of both, as well as oxidative-induced DNA fragmentation.

Patients with varicocele have an increase in sperm DNA fragmentation levels, particularly in oxidative stress-induced sperm DNA damage.
Patients with varicocele have an increase in sperm DNA fragmentation levels, particularly in oxidative stress-induced sperm DNA damage.The standard treatment for locally advanced cervical cancer (CC) is chemo-radiotherapy. Once the bladder receives part of the radiation, a typical inflammatory condition that configures radiation-induced cystitis may develop. Chronic radiation-induced cystitis is commonly characterized by the bladder new submucosal vascularization, which is typically fragile and favors hematuria. The current study aims to investigate if Hypoxia-Induced Factor (HIF-1α) and its transcriptional target Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor A (VEGF-A) could be a primary pathway leading to increased submucosal vascularization. HIF-1α and VEGF-A mRNA levels in bladder core biopsies from CC patients treated with radiotherapy versus untreated (non-irradiated) patients were analyzed using a droplet digital polymerase chain reaction technology. check details Gene expression results showed that HIF-1α and VEGF-A had no significant differences between bladder samples from patients previously irradiated and untreated patient samples. However, a direct relationship between the degree of late morbidity and the expression of HIF-1α and VEGF-A has been demonstrated. Despite the lack of statistical significance precludes a definitive conclusion, the data presented herein suggests that further studies investigating the role of HIF-1α in bladder neovascularization in radiation-induced cystitis are highly recommended.
Despite high success rates in the treatment of urinary incontinence, complications related to the use of polypropylene (PP) meshes are still a concern, especially in vaginal prolapses surgeries. The objective of this study was to assess the effect of autologous platelet-rich plasma (PRP) coating on the integration of PP meshes implanted in the vaginal submucosa of rabbits.

Thirty adult New Zealand rabbits were randomly divided into two groups (n=15) PP, implanted with conventional PP meshes; and PRP, implanted with autologous PRP coated PP meshes. Animals in both groups (n=5) were euthanized at 7, 30 and 90 days postoperatively, the vaginas extracted and sent to immunohistochemical analysis for the assessment of the pro-inflammatory agent TNF-α, anti-inflammatory agents TGF-β and IL-13, collagen metabolism marker MMP-2, and angiogenesis marker CD-31. AxioVision™ image analysis was used for the calculation of the immunoreactive area and density. Statistical analysis was performed with ANOVA followed by Tukey test (p <0.05).

Animals in the PRP group showed significantly increased expression of the angiogenesis agent CD-31 at all experimental times when compared to the PP group (p <0.0001). However, no differences concerning the expression of the other markers were observed between the groups.

The addition of autologous PRP gel to PP meshes can be simply and safely achieved and seems to have a positive effect on implantation site angiogenesis. Further investigations are required to ascertain PPR coated meshes clinical efficacy in prolapses and stress urinary incontinence surgeries.
The addition of autologous PRP gel to PP meshes can be simply and safely achieved and seems to have a positive effect on implantation site angiogenesis. Further investigations are required to ascertain PPR coated meshes clinical efficacy in prolapses and stress urinary incontinence surgeries.
To describe penile fracture (PF) findings with non-sexual etiology in a referral emergency hospital, with emphasis on demographic data, clinical and intraoperative findings and long-term outcomes.

Patients with PF of non-sexual cause operated at our institution from January 2014 to January 2019 were submitted to surgical treatment and monitored for at least three months after surgery. Etiology of trauma, epidemiological and clinical presentation data, time to intervention and operative findings were reviewed retrospectively. The evaluation of postoperative erectile function was carried out by filling out the International Index of Erection Function - 5 (IIEF-5). The tool used to assess urinary function was the International Prostate Symptom Score (IPSS) questionnaire.

Of a total of 149 patients submitted to surgical treatment for PF, 18 (12%) reported non-sexual etiology. Twelve (66.6%) cases were due to penile manipulation through the act of bending the penis during morning erection, three (16.6%) when rolling over in bed with erect penis, one (5.
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