Notes

Potentials regarding autophagy improving organic products in the treatment of Parkinson condition.
citation rate of orthopaedic RCTs. Orthopaedic RCTs had greater social media exposure on both Twitter and Facebook.

Orthopaedic surgeons, researchers, and providers who publish RCTs in high-impact medical journals can anticipate extensive social media attention for their articles relative to other nonorthopaedic RCTs in the same journals. Social media attention may be related to operative versus nonoperative management topics. This study provides further evidence for the increasing use of the AAS and its association with citation accrual.
Orthopaedic surgeons, researchers, and providers who publish RCTs in high-impact medical journals can anticipate extensive social media attention for their articles relative to other nonorthopaedic RCTs in the same journals. Social media attention may be related to operative versus nonoperative management topics. This study provides further evidence for the increasing use of the AAS and its association with citation accrual.
To (1) determine the diagnostic efficacy of artificial intelligence (AI) methods for detecting anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) and meniscus tears and to (2) compare the efficacy to human clinical experts.

PubMed, OVID/Medline, and Cochrane libraries were queried in November 2019 for research articles pertaining to AI use for detection of ACL and meniscus tears. Information regarding AI model, prediction accuracy/area under the curve (AUC), sample sizes of testing/training sets, and imaging modalities were recorded.

A total of 11 AI studies were identified 5 investigated ACL tears, 5 investigated meniscal tears, and 1 investigated both. The AUC of AI models for detecting ACL tears ranged from 0.895 to 0.980, and the prediction accuracy ranged from 86.7% to 100%. Of these studies, 3 compared AI models to clinical experts. Two found no significant differences in diagnostic capability, whereas one found that radiologists had a significantly greater sensitivity for detecting ACL tears (P= .002) and statistiot offer any significant advantage.
AI models promise to improve diagnosing certain pathologies as well as or better than human experts, are excellent for detecting ACL and meniscus tears, and may enhance the diagnostic capabilities of human experts; however, when compared with these experts, they may not offer any significant advantage.
To determine whether change in shoulder position between internal rotation (IR) and external rotation (ER) during magnetic resonance arthrography (MRA) affects previously defined capsular measurements and to determine the utility of rotation in the diagnosis of instability.

A retrospective study was conducted of patients who received a shoulder MRA with humeral IR and ER views. Patients with an arthroscopically confirmed diagnosis of instability and those with clinically stable shoulders, no history of instability, and no MRA findings of instability were identified and compared. Humeral rotation, glenoid retroversion, humeral head subluxation, capsular length, and capsular area using axial sequences of IR and ER views were recorded. Analysis compared IR, ER, and Δ capsular measurements between groups using independent t tests and univariate and multivariate regression.

Thirty-one subjects who were diagnosed with instability were included, along with 28 control subjects. Capsular length, capsular area, ae comparative study.
III, retrospective comparative study.Development of new affinity tags is important for recombinant protein expression and purification. Based on our earlier work, we devised an affinity tag by addition of two cysteine residues onto the N- and C-termini of the Fc-III peptide and designated as the Fc-III-4C tag, in which four cysteine residues form two disulfide linkages. The binding affinity of Fc-III-4C tag to human IgG is measured as 2.28 nM (Kd) and is 100 times higher than that of the Fc-III tag to IgG. Fc-III-4C tagged carbonic anhydrase (CA) can be effectively purified with IgG-immobilized beads, and Fc-III-4C tag does not possess adverse effects on the structure and stability of CA. Furthermore, the Fc-III-4C tagged protein binds to multiple transition metal ions, which enhances activities of enzymes that use metal ions as co-factors. These results suggest that Fc-III-4C tag is a useful tool for expression and purification of recombinant proteins and enhances the activities of some fusion proteins that use Zn2+ or Cu2+ as cofactors.A new paradigm has slowly emerged regarding the diversification of bryophytes, with inferences from molecular data highlighting a dynamic evolution of their genome. However, comparative studies of expressed genes among closely related taxa is so far missing. Here we contrast the dimensions of the vegetative transcriptome of Funaria hygrometrica and Physcomitrium pyriforme against the genome of their relative, Physcomitrium (Physcomitrella) patens. These three species of Funariaceae share highly conserved vegetative bodies, and are partially sympatric, growing on mineral soil in mostly temperate regions. We analyzed the vegetative gametophytic transcriptome of F. hygrometrica and P. pyriforme and mapped short reads, transcripts, and proteins to the genome and gene space of P. patens. Only about half of the transcripts of F. hygrometrica map to their ortholog in P. patens, whereas at least 90% of those of P. pyriforme align to loci in P. patens. Such divergence is unexpected given the high morphological similaritions, a hypothesis well in line with ecological patterns in the genetic diversity and structure in seed plants.Heliamphora is a genus of carnivorous pitcher plants endemic to the Guiana Highlands with fragmented distributions. We present a well resolved, time-calibrated, and comprehensive Heliamphora phylogeny estimated using Bayesian inference and maximum likelihood based on nuclear genes (26S, ITS, and PHYC) and secondary calibration. We used stochastic mapping to infer ancestral states of morphological characters and ecological traits. Our ancestral state estimations revealed that the pitcher drainage structures characteristic of the genus transformed from a hole to a slit in single clade, while other features (scape pubescence and hammock-like growth) have been gained and lost multiple times. Habitat was similarly labile in Heliamphora, with multiple transitions from the ancestral highland habitats into the lowlands. Using a Mantel test, we found closely related species tend to be geographically closely distributed. Placing our phylogeny in a historical context, major clades likely emerged through both vicariance and dispersal during the Miocene with more recent diversification driven by vertical displacement during the Pleistocene glacial-interglacial thermal oscillations. Despite the dynamic climatic history experienced by Heliamphora, the temperature changes brought by global warming pose a significant threat, particularly for those species at the highest elevations.Hybridization has played an important role in plant evolution. Etrumadenant chemical structure Less attention has been paid, however, to its role in dispersal. In this study, historical divergence and hybridization were investigated in two closely related Chinese oaks, Quercus mongolica and Q. link2 liaotungensis, to estimate the role that hybridization played in their dispersal. We genotyped 27 Q. mongolica and Q. liaotungensis populations throughout the distributional range of the two oak species, using 14 single-copy nuclear genes and four noncoding chloroplast DNA regions. Bayesian cluster and population tree analyses indicated that there were three groups over all oak populations, namely, Q. mongolica, northwest-northern China (NW-NC) Q. liaotungensis, and northeastern China (NEC) Q. liaotungensis. Approximate Bayesian computation simulation supported an asymmetrical hybridization origin of NEC Q. liaotungensis, after a previous divergence between NW-NC Q. liaotungensis and Q. mongolica. IMa3 analyses suggested that Q. liaotungensis and Q. mongolica diverged in the NW-NC and NEC regions, respectively, and that NEC Q. liaotungensis arose from Q. mongolica, not from NW-NC Q. liaotungensis, and was greatly introgressed by NW-NC Q. liaotungensis. Oak populations in NW-NC and NEC regions held different chloroplast DNA haplotypes, and Q. liaotungensis in NEC shared most haplotypes with Q. mongolica populations, but none with NW-NC Q. liaotungensis populations, suggesting the maternal origin of NEC Q. liaotungensis from Q. mongolica. This study found clear signals of isolation divergence of Q. liaotungensis in NW-NC and Q. mongolica in NEC, and the results suggest that asymmetrical hybridization and introgression from Q. liaotungensis to Q. mongolica, mostly likely via pollen flow, facilitated Q. link3 liaotungensis dispersal to NEC.
No vascular implant is commercially available in the United States to treat post-angioplasty dissections in below-the-knee (BTK) arteries. The Tack Endovascular System (Intact Vascular, Wayne, Pa) is purpose-built to repair postpercutaneous transluminal angioplasty (PTA) BTK dissections. A trial was conducted to investigate the safety and efficacy of the first-of-a-kind implantable BTK device to treat post-PTA dissections in the setting of critical limb ischemia.

The present prospective, single-arm, multicenter study evaluated the Tack Endovascular System for treating post-PTA dissections in the mid/distal popliteal, tibial, and peroneal arteries. The primary safety endpoint was major adverse limb events (MALE) plus perioperative death (POD), assessed at 30days after the index procedure. The primary efficacy endpoint was a composite of MALE at 6months and POD. The unpowered secondary endpoint was primary patency at 6months. With no available on-label comparator, the primary endpoints of the present trial (90 of 122; 73.8%) preexisting wounds had healed or were improving.

The Tack Endovascular System is safe and effective for treating post-PTA BTK dissections through 6months, with favorable rates of MALE plus POD, patency, clinically driven target lesion revascularization, limb salvage, and wound healing.
The Tack Endovascular System is safe and effective for treating post-PTA BTK dissections through 6 months, with favorable rates of MALE plus POD, patency, clinically driven target lesion revascularization, limb salvage, and wound healing.
To evaluate the efficacy and clinical outcomes of endovascular treatment for superior mesenteric artery dissection (SMAD) and its effect on superior mesenteric artery (SMA) remodeling compared with medical management alone after successful initial medical management.

In this retrospective analysis, all patients with spontaneous SMAD at a single institution were identified from March 2007 to August 2019. The primary outcomes were freedom from major adverse events (MAEs, a composite of dissection-related death, the recurrence of mesenteric ischemia symptoms, and a requirement for intervention). The secondary outcomes were morphologic remodeling of the dissections and stenosis or occlusion of the SMA.

A total of 94 SMAD patients who underwent successful initial medical management (91 males; mean age, 50.4 ± 6.3 years) were enrolled in the study. Fifty-seven (60.6%) received medical management alone, and 37 (39.4%) underwent endovascular repair after initial medical management. In the endovascular group, the technical success rate was 86.
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