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Usefulness of eHealth Surgery with regard to Older people with Diabetic issues: A planned out Evaluate and Meta-Analysis.
Sensing and imaging pH inside living cells are of paramount importance for better penetrating cellular functions and disease diagnostics. Herein, we engineered an original pH sensor by a simple one-step self-assembly of poly(ethylene glycol) (PEG)ylated phospholipid (DSPE-PEG) and a phenol red small molecule on the surface of upconversion nanoparticles (UCNPs) to form a phospholipid monolayer for sensing and imaging the change of intracellular pH. The sensor showed excellent reversibility and rapid response to the pH variations. Furthermore, this pH sensing system could measure spatial and temporal pH changes during endocytosis and interrogate the pH fluctuations inside cells under external stimuli. Our experimental results revealed that the pH sensor was able to map spatial and temporal pH fluctuations inside living cells, showing its potential application in diagnostics and pH-related study of cell biology.We provide a complete quantitative theory for light emission from Drude metals under continuous wave illumination, based on our recently derived steady-state nonequilibrium electron distribution. We show that the electronic contribution to the emission exhibits a dependence on the emission frequency which is very similar to the energy dependence of the nonequilibrium distribution, and characterize different scenarios determining the measurable emission line shape. This enables the identification of experimentally relevant situations, where the emission lineshapes deviate significantly from predictions based on the standard theory (namely, on the photonic density of states), and enables the differentiation between cases where the emission scales with the metal object surface or with its volume. We also provide an analytic description (which is absent from the literature) of the (polynomial) dependence of the metal emission on the electric field, its dependence on the pump laser frequency, and its nontrivial exponential dependence on the electron temperature, both for the Stokes and anti-Stokes regimes. Our results imply that the emission does not originate from either Fermion statistics (due to e-e interactions), and even though one could have expected the emission to follow boson statistics due to involvement of photons (as in Planck's Black Body emission), it turns out that it deviates from that form as well. Finally, we resolve the arguments associated with the effects of electron and lattice temperatures on the emission, and which of them can be extracted from the anti-Stokes emission.
The need for restrictive use of antibiotics has become a contemporary issue, hence the drive for reduction in the duration of perioperative antibiotic use without compromising care.

The aim of this study was to compare the efficacy of short course versus long course antibiotic prophylaxis for caesarean section.

This was a randomised controlled study in which I66 patients admitted for elective or emergency caesarean section at National Hospital Abuja were randomly allocated into two parallel treatment groups in 11 allocation ratio. The study group received intravenous dose of 1g of ceftriaxone with 500mg of metronidazole stat post umbilical cord clamping. While the control group received post-operative doses of intravenous ceftriaxone 1g 12 hourly with 500mg of metronidazole eight hourly for 24 hours, then oral cefuroxime 500mg twice daily and metronidazole 400mg thrice daily for five days. Outcome measures included febrile morbidity, wound infection and clinical endometritis. Data was analysed with SPSS version 23.

The socio-demographic and clinical characteristics were comparable in both groups. There were no statistical differences in the incidence of febrile morbidity (0% vs. 1.3%, P=1.000) and wound infection (12.2% vs. 12.8%, P=0.902, RR=0.902, 95% CI 0.409-2.203) in the study and control groups. There was no case of clinical endometritis in both groups. The difference in the cost of antibiotics was however statistically significant (t=26.847, P=0.001).

Short course antibiotics has comparable efficacy to long course antibiotics in the prevention of post caesarean section infectious morbidity.
Short course antibiotics has comparable efficacy to long course antibiotics in the prevention of post caesarean section infectious morbidity.
Nigeria has experienced several outbreaks of Lassa fever with a high fatality rate mostly from delayed presentation and treatment. We report a case of severe Lassa fever with complete recovery following prompt treatment to draw the attention of clinicians to the importance of early diagnosis and prompt treatment.

A 30 year old male Nigerian presented with acute fever, haematuria and haematemesis. He was immediately commenced on ribavirin in addition to supportive care. He improved clinically and was discharged after full recovery.

We recommend strengthening of health institutions towards early identification of suspected cases and prompt treatment.
We recommend strengthening of health institutions towards early identification of suspected cases and prompt treatment.Bronchiectasis unrelated to cystic fibrosis (non-CF bronchiectasis) has become a major respiratory disease in developing nations. The dilated mucus filled airways promote bacterial overgrowth followed by chronic infection, bronchial inflammation, lung injury and re-infection. Accurate pathogen identification and antimicrobial susceptibility allowing appropriate treatment, in turn, may break this vicious cycle. This study aimed to gain kowledge about the spectrum and antimicrobial spectrum of pathogen yielded from respiratory specimens in adult patients with acute exacerbation of non-cystic fibrosis (CF) bronchiectasis. This cross-sectional study was performed at the pulmonology clinics of the Aga Khan University, Karachi, Pakistan from 2016-2019. Elamipretide cost Respiratory specimens were collected from adult patients with acute exacerbation of non-CF bronchiectasis presenting in pulmonology clinics. Microbial cultures were performed using standard methodology. Susceptibility testing was performed and interpreted using Clinical Laboratory Standard Institute criteria. A total of 345 positive cultures from 160 patients presenting with acute exacerbation were evaluated. The most frequent organisms were Pseudomonas aeruginosa (n=209) followed by Hemophilus influenzae (n=40) and Staphylococcus aureus (n=24). High rates of antimicrobial resistance were found in all these pathogens. Proportion of Pseudomonas aeruginosa strains resistant to ciprofloxacin, imipenem, ceftazidime and piperacillin-tazobactam were 27.1%, 16.8%, 14.8% and 13.1% respectively. 65% of Hemophilus influenzae strains were resistant to cotrimoxazole and ciprofloxacin and 66.7% of Staphylococcus aureus strains were resistant to methicillin. High antimicrobial resistance in non-CF bronchiectasis patients against commonly used antimicrobials is a concern and highlight need for urgent community level interventions to improve clinical outcome in these patients.Primary ciliary dyskinesia (PCD) is an autosomal-recessive inherited disease caused by mutations in genes involved in ciliary structure and function leading to impaired mucociliary clearance and repeated or chronic, usually bacterial, infections of the upper and lower airways and decreased lung function and bronchiectasis. Cytomegalovirus (CMV) is a DNA virus that usually causes subclinical infection and in 10% of the patients causes a mononucleosis-like syndrome. CMV is a causative agent of serious illness in vulnerable immunocompromised groups such as transplant recipients, patients with immunodeficiency or malignancy and neonates. Life-threatening infection due to CMV, including CMV pneumonia, is not common in immunocompetent patients. In this report we describe a case of an otherwise immunocompetent woman, suffering from PCD, who developed severe CMV pneumonia.INTRODUCTION Metabolic syndrome (MS) significantly increases cardiovascular risk. Knowledge about the current prevalence of MS in the Polish population is limited. OBJECTIVES The aim of this study was to assess the prevalence of MS in the Polish population based on the results of the WOBASZ II study (2013-2014) and to compare the obtained data with the results of the WOBASZ study (2003-2005). PATIENTS AND METHODS A representative sample of 19 751 Polish adults from the WOBASZ and WOBASZ II studies was analyzed. Diagnostic criteria for MS included abdominal obesity, elevated blood pressure, elevated fasting glucose values, and lipid disorders; MS was diagnosed if at least 3 individual components were present. RESULTS Based on the WOBASZ II study (2013-2014), the prevalence of MS in Poland was 32.8% in women and 39% in men. In women, the most frequent component of MS was abdominal obesity (64.7%), while in men it was increased blood pressure (62%). In the decade between the WOBASZ and WOBASZ II studies, there was a significant increase in the prevalence of MS in Polish adults aged 20 to 74 years by 3.3 percentage points in women (26.6% vs 29.9%; P less then 0.001) and by 8.8 percentage points in men (30.7% vs 39.4%; P less then 0.001). The increase in the frequency of carbohydrate metabolism disorders was the greatest contributor to this phenomenon; however, abdominal obesity and lipid disorders were also significantly more frequent. CONCLUSIONS It is alarming that in the decade between the WOBASZ and WOBASZ II studies there was such a significant increase in the prevalence of MS and its individual components in Poland.INTRODUCTION Sleep disturbances, similarly to constipation‑related symptoms, are common problems in patients with chronic kidney disease (CKD) and are associated with worse health-related quality of life. OBJECTIVES The aim of the study was to investigate sleep problems in conservatively treated patients with CKD and to assess association between sleep quality and constipation in that population. PATIENTS AND METHODS In this cross‑sectional study, 100 conservatively treated outpatients with CKD filled questionnaires addressing sleep quality (The Medical Outcomes Study 12‑item Sleep Scale-Revised [MOS‑Sleep‑R]) and constipation‑related symptoms (PAC‑SYM, Rome III criteria). RESULTS The T scores of none of the assessed sleep domains differed across the estimated glomerular filtration rate terciles (all P >0.05). The scores from the PAC-SYM abdominal and stool subscales correlated with all assessed sleep quality domains. In both univariable and multivariable regression models adjusted for key clinical data, functional constipation, less than 7 bowel movements a week, abdominal discomfort, and pain as well as too small bowel movements were independently associated with increased prevalence ratio of decreased sleep quality. CONCLUSIONS In patients with nondialysis CKD, sleep disorders might have common etiological factors with constipation-related symptoms.Objective To investigate the effects of medical maggot excretions/secretions (ES) on neutrophils phagocytosis and bactericidal effect in patients with diabetic foot ulcer (DFU). Methods The experimental research method was used. Thirty DFU patients (16 males and 14 females, aged (64±7) years)who were admitted to the Diabetes Foot Center, the Department of Endocrinology of Air Force Hospital of Eastern Theater Command from June to December 2020 and met the inclusion criteria were recruited. Discontinuous percoll gradient centrifugation method was used to separate the neutrophils. Cells from each patient were enrolled into normal saline group and maggot ES group (30 wells in each group), respectively; sterile normal saline and ES with a final mass concentration of 357 μg/mL (the same as below) were added, respectively. After 1 and 2 hour(s) of culture, the phagocytosis rate and phagocytic index of cells were observed and counted under Wright's staining. Ten patients were selected, then the cells of each patient were enrolled into Pseudomonas aeruginosa+neutrophils group and Pseudomonas aeruginosa+neutrophils+maggot ES group (10 wells in each group) and were treated corresponding, respectively.
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