Notes

Chirped dissipative solitons throughout driven eye resonators.
Kimura's disease is a rare, chronic inflammatory condition that usually manifests as highly recurrent head and neck tumors.

Systematic review of recurrence predictors following surgical excision.

The pathologically confirmed cases at the tertiary medical center were reviewed. selleckchem PubMed, Medline, the Cochrane Library, Web of Science, Airiti Library containing grey literature were searched through August 31st, 2019.

A total of 31 articles were included for meta-analysis which revealed that surgical excision resulted in a lower recurrence rate (pooled odds ratio [POR]=3.15, 95% confidence interval [CI]=1.12-8.82; p=0.03) than conservative measures. Surgery was an effective single treatment modality for patients with tumors smaller than 3cm (POR=2.89, 95% CI 1.20-6.95; p=0.02), symptom duration shorter than 5 years (POR=3.11, 95% CI, 1.03-9.38; p=0.04), peripheral blood eosinophilia less than 20% (POR=4.49, 95% CI 1.46-13.84; p=0.009) or serum IgE level less than 10000 IU/ml (POR=8.30, 95% CI 1.05-65.34; p=0.04).

Directing patients with Kimura's disease through the treatment algorithm will reduce the recurrence rate. Combination adjuvant therapy with surgery is recommended for the following conditions -- a tumor greater than or equal to 3cm in size, symptom duration longer than or equal to 5 years, peripheral blood eosinophilia greater than or equal to 20%, or serum IgE greater than or equal to 10000 IU/ml to achieve the optimal therapeutic outcome.

PROSPERO CRD42020173258 (http//www.crd.york.ac.uk/PROSPERO).
PROSPERO CRD42020173258 (http//www.crd.york.ac.uk/PROSPERO).
Rheumatoid arthritis commonly causes transient limitation of joint motion, but the treatment of persistent stiffness in the rheumatoid elbow has rarely been reported. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the long-term clinical results of surgical treatment of rheumatoid elbow stiffness.

Surgical treatment, including open arthrolysis with hinged external fixation, total synovectomy, and ulnar nerve release and anteriorization, was performed in 48 elbows in 43 patients with rheumatoid arthritis and early joint destruction. Mobility (flexion-extension and pronation-supination), Mayo Elbow Performance Score (MEPS), visual analog scale (VAS) score, muscle strength, nerve symptoms, postoperative complications, and recurrent synovitis were evaluated 9-11 years (average, 9.88 years) postoperatively.

The mobility of the elbow was significantly improved over the preoperative period either in extension, flexion, protonation, supination (P<.001, P<.001, P<.001, P=.002). The mean MEPS was significantlystiffness and can be effective in improving elbow mobility, function, muscle strength, pain relief, and relief of nerve symptoms.Traditional anticancer treatments directly target tumor cells. In contrast, cancer immunotherapy fortifies host immunity. Nanoparticles that incorporate both immunomodulatory and chemotherapeutic agents regulate the tumor microenvironment by activating immune cells and enhancing antitumor immunity. Nanoparticle-based cancer immunotherapy has received considerable attention and has been extensively studied in recent years. In this study, we developed a targeted drug delivery system to enhance immunotherapeutic efficacy and overcome drug resistance by inducing tumor apoptosis and immunogenic cell death (ICD), and activating immune cells. Periodic mesoporous organosilica nanoparticles (PMOs) bore tumor necrosis factor-related apoptosis-inducing ligand (TRAIL) on their surfaces, and their inner cores were loaded with doxorubicin (DOX). TRAIL enhanced the nanoparticle-targeting capacity and worked synergistically with DOX against breast cancer cells in vitro and in vivo. Furthermore, we revealed for the first time the ability of PMOs to activate dendritic cells (DCs) and elevate ICD levels of DOX in vitro, and TRAIL further enhances the immunomodulatory function of PMOs. Systemic exposure to DOX@PMO-hT induced an immune response, activated DCs and CD4+ and CD8+ T cells, and significantly suppressed tumor growth in a 4T1-bearing immunocompetent mouse model. Overall, our study demonstrates that TRAIL-modified, DOX-embedded PMO nanoparticles represent a good candidate for tumor-targeted immunotherapy, which has relatively superior therapeutic efficacy and highly promising future application prospects. STATEMENT OF SIGNIFICANCE This study revealed for the first time the ability of PMOs to elevate ICD levels and activate DCs in vitro. The results explained the immunomodulatory function of PMOs and demonstrated the synergistic effects of TRAIL and DOX in triple-negative breast cancer. In addition, immunomodulatory effects of the drug delivery vectors constructed in this study were verified in vivo.Brain calcification (calcium phosphate mineral formation) has been reported in the past 100 years in the brains of Alzheimer's disease (AD) patients. However, the association between calcification and AD, the triggers for calcification, and its role within the disease are not clear. On the other hand, hyperphosphorylated Tau protein (pTau) tangles have been widely studied and recognized as an essential factor in developing AD. In this work, calcification in the brains of AD patients is characterized by advanced electron microscopy and fluorescence microscopy. Results are then compared to samples from cognitively healthy, age-matched donors, and the colocalization of calcification and pTau is investigated. Here, we show that AD patients' brains present microcalcification associated with the neural cell nuclei and cell projections, and that these are strongly related to the presence of pTau. The link between microcalcification and pTau suggests a potential mechanism of brain cell damage. Together with the formaof the full disease mechanism. Moreover, this work opens the possibility for using calcification as a biomarker to identify AD.The Nucleus Pulposus (NP) and Annulus Fibrous (AF) are two primary regions of the intervertebral disc (IVD). The interface between the AF and NP, where the gradual transition in structure and type of fibers are observed, is known as the Transition Zone (TZ). Recent structural studies have shown that the TZ contains organized fibers that appear to connect the NP to the AF. However, the mechanical characteristics of the TZ are yet to be explored. The current study aimed to investigate the mechanical properties of the TZ at the anterolateral (AL) and posterolateral (PL) regions in both radial and circumferential directions of loading using ovine IVDs (N = 28). Young's and toe moduli, maximum stress, failure strain, strain at maximum stress, and toughness were calculated mechanical parameters. The findings from this study revealed that the mechanical properties of the TZ, including young's modulus (p = 0.001), failure strain (p less then 0.001), strain at maximum stress (p = 0.002), toughness (p = 0.027), and tffolds. The current research reported the mechanical properties of the TZ region and revealed that its mechanical properties were significantly lower for the PL compared to the AL region. These new findings enhance our knowledge about the nature of AF-NP integration and may help to develop more realistic tissue-engineered or computational IVD models.Chronic bacterial prostatitis (CBP) occurs frequently in the male population and significantly influences quality of life. Antibiotics are the main strategy for managing chronic bacterial prostatitis; however, most antibiotics have low efficacy due to their poor penetration of prostate tissues. To overcome this challenge, we fabricated cefpodoxime proxetil (CPD)-loaded reactive oxygen species (ROS)-responsive nanoparticles (NPs) for targeted treatment of CBP. These NPs were modified with folic acid (FA) and could be effectively internalized by bacteria-infected macrophages and prostatic epithelial cells because of the high expression of folate receptors (FRs) in these cells. In vitro cellular assays demonstrated that the CPD-loaded nanomedicine can obviously reduce proinflammatory cytokine expression in cells since the nanomedicine can efficiently eradicate cellular bacteria. In vivo imaging results verified that FA-modified nanomedicines can penetrate the prostatic epithelium and accumulate in the glandular obtained in murine CBP model since CPD-loaded NPs can efficiently eradicate the resident bacteria in prostate tissues and downregulate proinflammatory cytokine expression. Our work provides a practicable strategy to expand the application of antibiotics for management of CBP.The viscoelastic mechanical behavior of collagenous tissues has been studied extensively at the macroscale, yet a thorough quantitative understanding of the time-dependent mechanics of the basic building blocks of tissues, the collagen fibrils, is still missing. In order to address this knowledge gap, stress relaxation and creep tests at various stress (5-35 MPa) and strain (5-20%) levels were performed with individual collagen fibrils (average diameter of fully hydrated fibrils 253 ± 21 nm) in phosphate buffered saline (PBS). The experimental results showed that the time-dependent mechanical behavior of fully hydrated individual collagen fibrils reconstituted from Type I calf skin collagen, is described by strain-dependent stress relaxation and stress-dependent creep functions in both the heel-toe and the linear regimes of deformation in monotonic stress-strain curves. The adaptive quasilinear viscoelastic (QLV) model, originally developed to capture the nonlinear viscoelastic response of collagenous tissuesight into the non-linear viscoelastic behavior of the building blocks of mammalian collagenous tissues may serve as the foundation for improved macroscale tissue models that capture the mechanical behavior across length scales.Transition metal sulfides are promising battery-type materials for electrochemical energy storage and a great electrocatalyst for oxygen evolution reaction (OER). However, the poor conductivity and sluggish reaction kinetic as well as the deficiency of electrochemically active sites hinder the practical application of FexSy. Herein, we design Fe7S8 porous nanoparticles with surface phosphate ions and enriched sulfur-vacancies (P-Fe7S8), which is reported as a new high-specific-capacity material for asymmetric supercapacitor. Benefiting from the merits of substantially improved electrical conductivity and increased active sites, the optimized P-Fe7S8 negative electrode delivers ultra-high specific capacitance of 804.7F/g at 0.4 mA. Moreover, the assembled NiS//P-Fe7S8 ASC presents an impressive specific capacitance of 335.9F/g at 1.2 A/g, a high energy density of 134.8 Wh/kg at a power density of 1042.1 W/kg, and great flexibility under different bending angles. Furthermore, the one-step vulcanization process is provided with universal applicability for the synthesis of NixFe1-xS bimetallic sulfide. With the synergy effect produced by the bimetal, the Ni0.5Fe0.5S hollow porous nanoparticles exhibit the remarkable activity of oxygen evolution reaction with a low overpotential of 174 mV at 10 mA cm-2 and Tafel slope of 41 mV dec-1. This simple method provides new insight into the synthesis of novel multifunctional metal sulfide nanomaterials.
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