Notes

Testing a worldwide normal pertaining to quantifying varieties restoration along with determining conservation influence.
Primary care providing essential services can bridge this urban-rural divide and improve QOL of older persons.
Inequitable health resource distribution and inadequate social support systems must be addressed to improve the QOL of older persons, especially in rural areas. Primary care providing essential services can bridge this urban-rural divide and improve QOL of older persons.
Hematuria is a clinical sign and symptom that every individual would have a worst nightmare and invokes a physician to carefully evaluate possible causes of hematuria. It may be medical or surgical causes. A thorough examination is required to exact the primary pathology. As such, a study on hematuria in North east India is not sufficiently researched or published.

Here we present an observational study in our institution on that very topic. A study was done purely on surgical causes of hematuria on symptomatic patients. It was done on the inpatient and outpatient basis in Assam Medical College, Dibrugarh during the period of 2016-2019. Total 43 patients were evaluated, who came with symptomatic hematuria.

Out of 43 cases of symptomatic hematuria, 34 were male and 9 were females patients. Carcinoma urinary bladder was the commonest cause of hematuria, followed by BPH, urolithiasis, carcinoma prostrate, carcinoma upper urinary tract, etc.

Benign prostatic hyperplasia was found to be the most common benign cause and carcinoma bladder was the commonest malignant cause of hematuria.
Benign prostatic hyperplasia was found to be the most common benign cause and carcinoma bladder was the commonest malignant cause of hematuria.
Adolescence is a significant period of one's life, the students or children at this age should be taught about sex education in order to lead a healthy reproductive life, to prevent sexually transmitted disease and to avoid unwanted pregnancies.

To evaluate the current knowledge of school going adolescents on reproductive health and its association with their socio demographic profile and determining their behaviour and understanding of school sex education.

A cross sectional analysis was carried out in 2 private schools at Chennai among the students of 9
to 12
standard. A sample of 346 was taken and a structured questionnaire was used to evaluate. The data was analysed by SPSS software version 22. Chi square test was used (<0.05 is significant).

Out of 346, 44.2% were males and 55.8% were females. 85.9% of students from nuclear family responded True for the statement 'Male hormone is called as Testosterone'. Females had better knowledge on sex education than Males which was significant. XII standard students had better and positive attitude towards sex education than IX standard students. Only 5% responded to have sex-related information from Parents than others who responded friends, doctors and teachers.

It is seen that among school going adolescents there is lack of knowledge and varied perceptions towards sex education. So, sex education should be implemented more efficiently in the developing countries and so it can lead to a healthy reproductive life and sexual health among the adolescents.
It is seen that among school going adolescents there is lack of knowledge and varied perceptions towards sex education. So, sex education should be implemented more efficiently in the developing countries and so it can lead to a healthy reproductive life and sexual health among the adolescents.
Internal derangements of temporomandibular joint (TMJ) with associated symptoms which do not respond to conservative therapies are refractory cases of temporomandibular joint dysfunction syndrome (TMD). Minimally invasive techniques like arthrocentesis and platelet rich plasma (PRP) injections are usually employed to improve TMJ symptoms and function in these cases.

To compare PRP with arthrocentesis for evaluating the effectiveness of PRP in relieving symptoms of refractory TMJ pain dysfunction syndrome.

A clinical study was carried out on 52 patients of refractory Temporomandibular joint dysfunction syndrome. The patients were divided in two groups that is Group A - test group and Group B -control Group.

Group A consisted of 26 patients who underwent intraarticular PRP injection in TMJ and Arthrocentesis of TMJ was done in 26 patients of Group B. TMJ pain, Maximium Interincisal opening and TMJ clicking were assessed among the group as well as between the groups over a period of 6 months.

Repeated Measure ANOVA was used to compare the parameters within the groups and T test was used for group comparison at 0.05 level of significance.

There was statistically significant difference in pain intensity improvement 1 ± 0.75 versus 3.17 ± 2.13, maximum interincisal opening 39.86 ± 2.86 versus 37.59 ± 4.03 and clicking 6 versus 16 between the PRP group and arthrocentesis group at
< 0.05.

Intraarticular PRP injection for the management of refractory TMD is more effective than arthrocentesis in reducing symptoms and functional improvement.
Intraarticular PRP injection for the management of refractory TMD is more effective than arthrocentesis in reducing symptoms and functional improvement.
Hospital-acquired infections (HAIs) are infections acquired by patients during their hospital stay which they did not have previously. This also includes infections acquired by healthcare professionals while managing infected patients. selleck inhibitor Since both healthcare professionals and patients can be a source of spreading infections across there is a need of practicing standard precautions religiously, to minimize this risk. This study aimed to assess the knowledge of healthcare professionals working at The Indus Hospital, a tertiary care hospital of Karachi, Pakistan.

This cross-sectional study was conducted between March 2017 and July 2018. 205 employees working at The Indus Hospital, Karachi were recruited in this study. A self-made questionnaire based on CDC guidelines was administered to the participants and their responses were recorded.

Among all participants, nearly two-thirds (70%) had a very good knowledge of the use of standard precautions, 19.5% had good knowledge, and 12.2% had average/below average knowledge.
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