Notes

Solution NMR metabolomics reveals multiple metabolism adjustments to phenobarbital-treated pet dogs.
Back pain is now a very common phenomenon. It is caused by various pathologies in the area of the motor unit of the spine. These changes can cause pressure on the nerve structures within the spinal canal, resulting in various ailments. Pain is the most common symptom. In most cases, patients are qualified for conservative management. In the case of neurological deficits, the patient is qualified for spinal surgery. Unfortunately, surgical treatment is not always 100% effective therapy method. Moreover, many external factors, such as smoking for instance, can affect the process of tissue healing and decide on the time of recovery.

The aim of the study was to assess the impact of smoking on back pain intensity in rehabilitated patients with discopathy treated conservatively and surgically.

The study included 41 patients after surgical treatment (9 smokers) and 96 patients (20 smokers) undergoing conservative therapy for back pain due to discopathy. All patients underwent a multidirectional rehabilitation programme at the Department of Rehabilitation and Physical Medicine of the Medical University in Łódź.

The Laitinen scale was used to assess the patients' pain. Rehabilitation of patients with back pain due to discopathy had a significant analgesic effect (p <0.0001). Furthermore, there was observed a statistically significant effect of smoking on the level of pain intensity on the Laitinen scale in the group of patients who underwent surgery (p <0.0469). The smokers operated on had significantly worse results.

1) Complex rehabilitation of patients with back syndrome pain due to discopathy demonstrated significant analgesic effectiveness. 2) Smoking significantly worsens the results of the therapy in patients who underwent surgery.
1) Complex rehabilitation of patients with back syndrome pain due to discopathy demonstrated significant analgesic effectiveness. 2) Smoking significantly worsens the results of the therapy in patients who underwent surgery.
The aim of the study was to evaluate the neurodevelopmental outcomes of extremely premature babies at the age of 2 years, and to determine whether rehabilitation was carried out during this period. An additional aim was to determine the relationship between the use of rehabilitation and the degree of prematurity, asphyxia, birth weight, and the result of brain ultrasound.

The study included 87 premature babies born between 24-31 weeks of pregnancy. A rehabilitation specialist assessed the neurodevelopmental outcomes of the children aged 2 years. Based on the documentation, the frequency of rehabilitation and its dependence on prematurity, asphyxia, birth weight and ultrasound results were analyzed.

Correct neurodevelopmental outcome in children aged 2 years was found in 57 (65%) children, of whom 40 (46%) did not undergo rehabilitation. Incorrect development was observed in a group of 30 children - 12 patients were diagnosed with CP (14%), and 18 (21%) had 'red flags' of development milestones, they undation and achieved normal development.
Currently, mobile phones and Wi-Fi are the most commonly used forms of telecommunication. The popularity of mobile telecommunications has made it necessary to investigate the problem more comprehensively and cautiously assess the possible risks, because never before in history has such a substantial proportion of the population been exposed to microwaves at comparably high levels. Some studies indicate that the high frequency electromagnetic radiation emitted by mobile phone and Wi-Fi connections can have a negative effect on human health, and can cause cancer.

The aim of the study was to investigate the influence of the radiofrquency electromagnetic field (RF-EMF) on the metaboloc activity and morphology of normal human cells (fibroblasts) and cancer cells (prostate cancer cells).

The cell cultures (human fibroblasts and prostate cancer cells) were exposed to RF-EMF at the frequency of 2.5 GHz for 24, 48 and 72h. To quantify changes in cell viability, the Cell Counting Kit - 8 was used.

It was found that the RF electromagnetic field exposure caused a significant decrease in the viability of fibroblasts, and a significant increase in cancer cells. Morphological analysis did not show significant changes in both cell lines after exposure to RF-EMF.

On the basis of the obtained results, the hypothesis can be formulated that a high frequency electromagnetic field can have harmful effects on human cells.
On the basis of the obtained results, the hypothesis can be formulated that a high frequency electromagnetic field can have harmful effects on human cells.
Low back pain (LBP) is a problem which causes human suffering and entails costs for treatment. Chronic LBP is considered a civilization diseases in developed countries and one of the majorpublic healthproblem worldwide. Squatting is a part of such daily activities as sitting down, standing up or lifting objects. In this study, hip, knee, and ankle joint motions during squatting are analyzed in the sagittal plane. The aim of the study was to find a relationship between the function of the lower limb during squatting and LBP incidence.

Eleven healthy subjects and eight subjects suffering from low back pain were enrolled in tes study. Participants performed squat while maintaining heel contact with the ground throughout the movement. The participants attempted to make a squat as deep as possible. Kinematic data were captured using a Vicon optical motion capture system.

The low back pain group had a greater range of motion of the hip and knee with reference to the ankle joint motion, compared to the controlon and timing on exercise biomechanics in persons suffering from low back pain.
Due to the COVID-19 pandemic all schools in Poland were closed and obliged to conduct lessons remotely. The aim of the study is to present the demographic analysis of difficulties with remote learning, as perceived by students during coronavirus pandemic in Poland.

In April 2020, a nationwide online survey was conducted among adolescents aged 11-18 (N=2408). Quantitative and qualitative data were used. Teenagers were asked about the problems connected with remote learning. In order to examine the overall level of remote learning difficulties, a scale of remote learning difficulties (RLD) was devised (range 0-23 points). Differences connected with gender, age and place of residence were analysed.

More than a half of the teenagers surveyed rated the increased demands from teachers as a major problem. This answer appeared statistically more often among girls than boys (59.6% v. 53.2%). Almost every third adolescent saw the lack of consultation (31.6%) as a significant problem. Difficulties related to learning in the remote system were most often described as considerable by the oldest students (17-18-years-old) and those living in rural areas. The big problem for them was usually much higher requirements of teachers and poor organization of distance learning. The mean level on the scale of remote learning burden was M=11.9 (SD=7.1). Technical difficulties and insufficient skills in using software constituted additional problems most frequently mentioned by students.

There is a need to pay particular attention to organizing appropriate technical conditions for remote learning, especially in rural areas, where students have complained more often than in cities about equipment and problems with access to the Internet during the pandemic.
There is a need to pay particular attention to organizing appropriate technical conditions for remote learning, especially in rural areas, where students have complained more often than in cities about equipment and problems with access to the Internet during the pandemic.
The quality of medical services and health care are complex problems with a number of various definitions, conceptual approaches, measurement tools and techniques. The most important influence on quality in primary health care has the (immaterial) human factor, the relationship between patient and doctor, medical personnel and the primary health care institution, and the skill to use new technologies to improve quality in health care.

The aim of the study is to discover the determinants of primary health care patients' dissatisfaction with the quality of medical services.

Patients with medical appointments on the day of the survey and gave their consent to participate were included in the study. A total of 901 patients of primary health care institutions [591 (65.59%) women and 310 (34.41%) men] in the Świętokrzyskie Province took part. The diagnostic poll method based on a questionnaire examining the patients' satisfaction with the quality of health services was used. Logistic regression identified the determinants of dissatisfaction of the patients.

The determinants that mostly affected the patients' dissatisfaction with medical services were rudeness of the doctor (p=0.0001), rudeness of the rest of medical staff (p=0.0001), non-comprehensibility of information about health by the patient (p=0.004), no clear identification of the patient in the health care system (p=0.01), and difficult access to information regarding the health condition (medical documentation) (p=0.018).

Primary health care patients who participated in the study pointed to the attitude of the doctor towards a patient during a visit, and the attitude of the remaining medical personnel among the determinants of dissatisfaction with medical services.
Primary health care patients who participated in the study pointed to the attitude of the doctor towards a patient during a visit, and the attitude of the remaining medical personnel among the determinants of dissatisfaction with medical services.
A large body of evidence suggests that an increase in atmospheric particulate matter (PM) concentrations will lead to an increase in morbidity due to adverse health conditions, such as respiratory diseases (RESD). Lanzhou is located in northwest China, central Gansu Province. Due to limited research and data, the impact of PM on human health have not been systematically acknowledged.

The aim of the study is to investigate the association between size-fractionated PM pollution and outpatients visits for RESD.

Data on outpatient visits for RESD, air pollutants and meteorological indices in Lanzhou were collected from 1 February 2014 - 31 December 2017, and the associations of three types of PM (PM
, PM
, and PM
) with outpatient visits for RESD were evaluated using generalized additive models (GAMs).

Findings showed that PM
and PM
had the most significant impact on outpatient visits for RESD at seven cumulative lag days. PM
was not significantly associated with outpatient visits for RESD. In subgroup analysis, the impact of atmospheric PM on outpatient visits for RESD was significantly modified by gender and age; men, and children aged 0-5 years old, were more sensitive to PM
pollution.

Increased atmospheric PM concentration is associated with an increase in outpatient visits for RESD, and it has a lag effect. Pterostilbene ic50 The increase in outpatient visits for RESD appears to be driven by increased PM
concentrations. The results obtained may provide reference values for formulating preventive strategies to protect the population from the adverse impact of PM pollution.
Increased atmospheric PM concentration is associated with an increase in outpatient visits for RESD, and it has a lag effect. The increase in outpatient visits for RESD appears to be driven by increased PM2.5 concentrations. The results obtained may provide reference values for formulating preventive strategies to protect the population from the adverse impact of PM pollution.
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