Notes

Reliability as well as Accuracy of Specialist Auditory-Perceptual Evaluation of Tone of voice through Telepractice Programs.
We examined the literature and conducted a case study to elicit a problem abstraction based on data, users, and tasks. We interviewed five Malaysian MOOC experts from three higher education institutes using semi-structured questions. Our case study reveals the priority of enabling MOOC analysis on learner's progression and course completion. There is an association between design and analysis priority with the pedagogical type of implemented MOOC and users. The characterized domain problems and requirements offer a design foundation for visual analytics in MOOC monitoring analysis.The effect of duration of conservation agriculture adoption on soil carbon dynamics and system sustainability was evaluated on farms of 30 villages in the Nilokheri block of Karnal district, Haryana, India. Sustainability was evaluated, in which a number of soil physical, chemical, and biological parameters were measured and a Sustainability Index (SI) was applied. Soil samples were collected from existing conservation agriculture (CA) and conventional tillage (CT) farms. Villages under CA practices were subdivided as CA3, CA6, and CA9 based on the number of years of CA practice adoption. Results showed that bulk density (BD) of 0-15 cm soil depth was 7% greater in CA3 plots, whereas in CA6 and CA9 plots BD values were only 2% and 3% higher than CT. Soil organic carbon (SOC) in 0-15 cm soil depth was found to be greater by 16.32% in CA3 than CT plots, whereas SOC was higher by 38.77% and 61.22% in CA6 and CA9. In CA, for the 0-15 and 15-30 cm soil depths, labile pools were 36% and 22% greater than CT, respectt" to "sustainable".Nowadays, the conservation of biodiversity is a major environmental challenge globally. Homegarden agroforestry systems (HGAFs) have a large potential for biodiversity conservation. However, little attention has been given to the relative importance of HGAFs in terms of biodiversity conservation. The present study, therefore, aimed to estimate and compare the woody species diversity and structure of HGAFs and adjacent natural forest (NF) in Northern Ethiopia. Three sites were purposively selected based on the presence of HGAFs and NF adjacent to each other. A stratified sampling system was used to select representative homegardens from different wealth categories. In NF, a systematic transect sampling technique was employed. A total of 90 sample plots (10 m × 20 m) were used to collect vegetation data. A total of 32 species representing 26 genera and 20 families were identified from the studied HGAFs and NF. Thirty woody species belonging to 24 genera and 20 families were recorded in the HGAFs whereas, 11 species, belonging to 9 genera and 8 families were recorded in the NF. Native woody species accounted for 66% of all woody species recorded in both HGAFs and NF. Stem density, richness, and diversities of woody species were significantly higher in HGAFs than in NF (p ≤ 0.05). Trees and shrubs in the HGAFs had significantly lower stem diameters, height, and basal area than the adjacent NF (p ≤ 0.05). The results show that HGAFs complements the NF for biodiversity conservation and supports in counteracting the loss of woody species from the natural ecosystem. Hence, promoting HGAFs habitats in human-dominated landscapes should be part of the biodiversity conservation strategy.[This corrects the article DOI 10.1016/j.parepi.2019.e00126.][This corrects the article DOI 10.1016/j.parepi.2019.e00087.][This corrects the article DOI 10.1016/j.parepi.2018.e00078.][This corrects the article DOI 10.1016/j.parepi.2019.e00125.][This corrects the article DOI 10.1016/j.parepi.2019.e00095.][This corrects the article DOI 10.1016/j.parepi.2020.e00148.][This corrects the article DOI 10.1016/j.parepi.2018.e00077.][This corrects the article DOI 10.1016/j.parepi.2019.e00091.][This corrects the article DOI 10.1016/j.parepi.2019.e00084.][This corrects the article DOI 10.1016/j.parepi.2018.e00083.].[This corrects the article DOI 10.1016/j.parepi.2019.e00086.][This corrects the article DOI 10.1016/j.parepi.2018.e00082.][This corrects the article DOI 10.1016/j.parepi.2019.e00119.][This corrects the article DOI 10.1016/j.parepi.2018.e00070.][This corrects the article DOI 10.1016/j.parepi.2020.e00151.][This corrects the article DOI 10.1016/j.parepi.2018.02.002.][This corrects the article DOI 10.1016/j.parepi.2018.e00072.][This corrects the article DOI 10.1016/j.parepi.2019.e00101.][This corrects the article DOI 10.1016/j.parepi.2020.e00168.][This corrects the article DOI 10.1016/j.parepi.2018.e00074.][This corrects the article DOI 10.1016/j.parepi.2018.e00079.][This corrects the article DOI 10.1016/j.parepi.2019.e00129.][This corrects the article DOI 10.1016/j.parepi.2020.e00171.][This corrects the article DOI 10.1016/j.PAREPI.2018.e00069.][This corrects the article DOI 10.1016/j.parepi.2019.e00098.].Western Pacific Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis and Parkinsonism-dementia Complex (ALS/PDC) is a disappearing neurodegenerative disease in three former high-incidence foci of the U.S. territory of Guam, Papua-Indonesia (New Guinea) and Kii Peninsula, Honshu Island, Japan (Muro disease). We report additional data that associate medicinal use of cycad seed to Muro disease in the southern Kozagawa focus of ALS/PDC. In the other two ALS/PDC-affected populations, cycad seed was used as a traditional topical medicine in New Guinea and Guam and, additionally, for food on Guam.
To develop and validate a magnetic resonance imaging(MRI)-derived radiomic signature (RS) for the prediction of 1-year locoregional failure (LRF) in patients with hypopharyngeal squamous cell carcinoma (HPSCC) who received organ preservation therapy (OPT).

A total of 800 MRI-based features of pretreatment tumors were obtained from 116 patients with HPSCC who received OPT from two independent cohorts. The least absolute shrinkage and selection operator regression model were used to select the features used to develop the RS. Harrell's C-index and corrected C-index were used to evaluate the discriminative ability of RS. The Youden index was used to select the optimal cut-point for risk category.

The RS yielded 1000 times bootstrapping corrected C-index of 0.8036 and 0.78235 in the experimental (n = 82) and validation cohorts (n = 34), respectively. With respect to the subgroup of patients with stage III/IV and cT4 disease, the RS also showed good predictive performance with corrected C-indices of 0.760 and 0.754, respectively. The dichotomized risk category using an RS of 0.0326 as the cut-off value yielded a 1-year LRF predictive accuracy of 79.27%, 79.41%, 76.74%, and 71.15% in the experimental, validation, stage III/IV, and cT4a cohorts, respectively. The low-risk group was associated with a significantly better progression-free laryngectomy-free and overall survival outcome in two independent institutions, stage III/IV, and cT4a cohorts.

The RS-based model provides a novel and convenient approach for the prediction of the 1-year LRF and survival outcome in patients with HPSCC who received OPT.
The RS-based model provides a novel and convenient approach for the prediction of the 1-year LRF and survival outcome in patients with HPSCC who received OPT.MicroRNAs are emerging as critical post-transcriptional modulators in bone remodeling, regulating the functions of osteoblasts and osteoclasts. Intercellular crosstalk between osteoblasts and osteoclasts is mediated by miR-21 that controls the bone homeostasis response, providing potential targets for the maintenance of osteoblast function. The aim of this study was to investigate the effects of miR-21 on osteoblast function, and to explore the underlying mechanism. Increased alkaline phosphatase (ALP) activity and accelerated matrix mineralization was observed in mouse pre-osteoblast MC3T3-E1 cells compared with the non-induction (control) group. MiR-21 positively regulates osteogenic differentiation and mineralization by facilitating the expression of key osteogenic factors (ALP, Runx2, Osteopontin (OPN), Osterix (OSX) and Mef2c) in MC3T3-E1 cells. Furthermore, a deficiency of miR-21 suppresses the expression of those factors at both the mRNA and protein levels, indicating that miR-21 is a positive regulatolating osteoblast function, thus representing a potential biomarker of osteogenesis.Epilepsy is a neurological disorder of genetic or environmental origin characterized by recurrent spontaneous seizures. A rodent model of temporal lobe epilepsy is induced by a single administration of pilocarpine, a non-selective cholinergic muscarinic receptor agonist. The molecular changes associated with pilocarpine-induced seizures are still poorly described. Epigenetic multiprotein complexes that regulate gene expression by changing the structure of chromatin impose transcriptional memories. Among the epigenetic enzymes relevant to the epileptogenic process is lysine-specific demethylase 1 (LSD1, KDM1A), which regulates the expression of genes that control neuronal excitability. LSD1 forms complexes with the CoREST family of transcriptional corepressors, which are molecular bridges that bring HDAC1/2 and LSD1 enzymes to deacetylate and demethylate the tail of nucleosomal histone H3. To test the hypothesis that LSD1-complexes are involved in initial modifications associated with pilocarpine-induced epilepsy, we studied the expression of main components of LSD1-complexes and the associated epigenetic marks on isolated neurons and the hippocampus of pilocarpine-treated mice. Using a single injection of 300 mg/kg of pilocarpine and after 24 h, we found that protein levels of LSD1, CoREST2, and HDAC1/2 increased, while CoREST1 decreased in the hippocampus. In addition, we observed increased histone H3 lysine 9 di- and trimethylation (H3K9me2/3) and decreased histone H3 lysine 4 di and trimethylation (H3K4me2/3). check details Similar findings were observed in cultured hippocampal neurons and HT-22 hippocampal cell line treated with pilocarpine. In conclusion, our data show that muscarinic receptor activation by pilocarpine induces a global repressive state of chromatin and prevalence of LSD1-CoREST2 epigenetic complexes, modifications that could underlie the pathophysiological processes leading to epilepsy.
The association between body composition parameters and peak bone mineral density is not well documented. The aim of this study is to assess the relative contributions of lean mass and fat mass on peak bone mineral density (BMD).

The study involved 416 women and 334 men aged between 20 and 30 years who were participants in the population-based Vietnam Osteoporosis Study. Whole body composition parameters (eg, fat mass and lean mass) and BMD at the lumbar spine and femoral neck were measured by dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry. The association between lean mass and fat mass and BMD was analyzed by the linear regression model using the Least Absolute Shrinkage and Selection Operator (LASSO).

Peak BMD in men was higher than women, and the difference was more pronounced at the femoral neck (average difference 0.123g/cm
; 95% confidence interval [CI] 0.105-0.141g/cm
) than at the lumbar spine (average difference 0.019g/cm
; 95% CI, 0.005-0.036g/cm
). Results of LASSO regression indicated that lean mass was the only predictor of BMD for either men or women.
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