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Abstract: Renewable energy sources are rapidly increasing in demand and importance as governments and countries around the globe begin to understand their vital role in reducing climate
change. This project aimed to design and create an optimised micro-hydro turbine system for downpipes to harness the currently untapped potential energy from rainwater. Experimental methods
were used to determine the magnitude of voltage output available at different rainfall intensities by
simulating such flow rates on a hydraulic bench. The viability of this energy to power household
appliances was then evaluated, and methods of increasing the voltage output were assessed, such
as layering the turbines in a single downpipe or placing multiple downpipes around the building.
The study determined that, during average rainfall in the UK, a single turbine could produce a
maximum of 7.21 V of DC voltage, or 50.49 V during heavy rainfall—enough energy to power a
mobile device charger or a vacuum cleaner, respectively. Therefore, this proves a high potential in
rainwater energy harvesting as a renewable energy source. It was also concluded that a positive
correlation occurred for both the number of turbines in a downpipe and the number of pipes around
the building with the voltage output of the whole system.
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