Notes

The Ultimate Glossary Of Terms About Bio Fire
The BIOFIRE System and Your Immune System

The BIOFIRE System offers syndromic testing for infectious illnesses, allowing healthcare professionals to select the appropriate test the first time. Patients benefit from faster diagnosis and more targeted treatment. Clinicians benefit from improved stewardship for antibiotics. Labs save money while increasing efficiency.

The BioFire FilmArray Pneumonia plus panel (PN panel) examines native sputum, endotracheal aspirate, and bronchoalveolar specimens (including mini-BAL) for 33 pathogens with clinical relevance and antimicrobial resistance genes with semiquantitative results in about an hour.

Respiratory

The burning of biomass, including plants, wood and other organic materials produces gaseous pollutants and fine particles that adversely affect the respiratory system. Climate change could exacerbate the negative effects of forest fires on the health of humans.

In the United States, wildfire smoke has been linked to respiratory diseases like asthma, COPD and lung cancer. This type of air pollution also increases the risk of cardiovascular disease and is a major contributor to the burden of disease among the most vulnerable populations.

During the COVID-19 pandemic, a number of communities were exposed to harmful levels of air pollution from wildfires. However the response of public health officials to this environmental issue is sporadic and mainly focused on educating people about symptom management. This knowledge gap is alarming given the evidence that smoking cigarettes and other sources of air pollution can lead to health problems.

Researchers are currently assessing how to best protect the public's health in the event of future incidents of this type. NIH is funding research on this important public health issue through the BLUE CORAL study and its successor, FIRE CORAL.

For the first time the study is a prospective cohort study that will examine long-term effects resulting from exposure to smoke from wildfires as well as other sources. FIRE CORAL enrolls adults who are hospitalized for COVID-19 index episodes and speak English or Spanish but aren't pregnant. The FIRE CORAL protocol includes a battery of tests conducted in-person, objectively measuring pulmonary function testing and lung imaging, as well as functional assessments.


Smoke and other particles can trigger or worsen respiratory problems such as emphysema, COPD, and pneumonia. There are a variety of steps that can be taken to avoid or lessen the negative health effects from short-term exposures to smoke, including avoiding outdoor activities when possible and using the EPA's "N95" mask designed to catch fine particles.

Smoking can also cause irritation to the throat, eyes and nose. To minimize symptoms the lungs need to be flushed by drinking plenty of water and taking medications that decrease inflammation, like corticosteroids.

Bloodstream

Bloodstream is the first line of defense against germs that invade your system. Dendritic cells are specific cells, serve as the call center for your fire department. They are able to collect antigens from germs and release proteins to signal other white cells to fight. Circulating white blood cell counts, differentials and band cells were elevated following firefighters' fire-fighting shifts, compared with levels after strenuous physical exertion with no firefighting.

Skin

As the wildfires in California released smoke and dust into the air over the course of fall and winter dermatologists were concerned about how it could affect the skin of those exposed to it. Maria Wei, a graduate student at the University of California, Irvine, is studying how extreme wildfire pollution affects the skin. Her research was published on April 22, 2012 in Scientific Reports.

Wei's study shows that the temperature changes of the skin depending on the length of time that the body is exposed. It can take up to two hours for the skin of someone to reach their "flash point"--the place where it begins to burn and then turn into ash. That's why it's important to not stay near a fire or campfire, and why you must wear protective clothing when you are outdoors in the midst of a forest fire or even on an extremely hot day.

Forest fires will continue to happen, despite the precautions taken to prevent the spread of wildfires. Wei is forecasting that the number of people suffering from the effects of wildfires will rise as climate change causes more forests to burn. This means that more people will be required to wear long sleeves, hats and thick moisturizers.

It's also important to know that atopic dermatitis (itchy skin) that many people suffer from can be made worse by the air pollution from wildfires. his explanation claims that the particles in smoke can block pores, making atopic skin worse.

Atopic dermatitis can cause people to be more sensitive to UV light. This is often exacerbated by smoke from wildfires. This makes people more likely to seek out tanning salons, and it may cause the skin to get darker with less protection than they ought to.

While a ice and fire facial may help reduce the effects of atopic skin dermatitis, it's not recommended for those with an open wound or rash on their face. Patients who suffer from acne are advised to avoid it and if you're nursing or pregnant, it's recommended to avoid this procedure altogether. The IS Clinical Fire & Ice Facial located at Novuskin Las Vegas' premier membership MedSpa is a results-driven intensive facial that bridges an easy facelift and a peel, but without the need for time off. It's designed to smooth skin, improve rosacea and decrease fine lines and acne scarring and stimulate cellular renewal. This is a great treatment to give your skin a glowing glow.

Infections

The human body is a multi-faceted system of organs and tissues that work together to guard us against infections. Infections can be caused by microorganisms, such as parasites, viruses, and bacteria that infect healthy cells and cause them to multiply uncontrollably. Your immune system could react by displaying signs of illness. These symptoms can include anything from a stuffy or runny nose to stomach upset and can include a fever high, swollen glands, and a rash. The nature of the infection and its location can impact the symptoms.

Infections can be spread through a variety of methods, but the most common are spread from person to by droppings that hang in the air after sneezing or coughing. Bacterial diseases like strep throat, tuberculosis, meningococcal diseases and Legionnaires disease spread in this manner, as do certain viral infections such as the common cold and influenza. Some bacterial infections such as skin infections or sexually transmitted diseases (STIs) such as chlamydia or gonorrhea are transmitted through direct contact with affected tissues or mucous surfaces or indirectly through surfaces that are contaminated. Certain infections caused by bacteria are transmitted by insects, such as ticks, fleas or mosquitoes.

Infections, parasites and other microorganisms are tiny enough to be able to get into the bloodstream and cause infection to your cells. This can result in serious diseases such as the common cold or AIDS. Fungi are responsible for a myriad of skin conditions such as ringworm and athlete's foot, while some are a threat to the lungs and nervous system, such as the rabies virus.

The BioFire Panel utilizes our unique FilmArray technology to analyze sputum and bronchoalveolar fluid samples to provide a complete list of pathogens that are involved in upper respiratory infections. The kit includes a reagent pouch that stores all the chemistry needed to perform reverse transcription PCR, multiplex nested analysis and detection on a single machine. This is a simple method that assists clinicians identify and treat patients who have a variety respiratory symptoms. The test has been approved as an Emergency Use Authorization and is available through bioMerieux's CLIA moderate and high-complexity labs.

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