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Concentration Results Cell
Real-time PCR results also showed that mrkA gene expression was significantly reduced in strains treated with Se-NPs. According to this study, Se-NPs could reduce bacterial growth and biofilm formation, therefore, could be considered a candidate drug in the medical application for Thymoquinone inhibits biofilm formation and virulence properties of periodontal OBJECTIVES: To evaluate the effects of thymoquinone (TQ) on biofilm formation, hemolysis, hydrogen sulfide (H2S) production and expression of virulence factors of Fusobacterium nucleatum and Porphyromonas gingivalis. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Reference strains of F. nucleatum ATCC 25586 and P. gingivalis A7436 were tested in our study. The minimum inhibitory concentration virulence properties of the periodontal bacteria including biofilm formation, hemolysis and H2S activities were studied.

Quantitative RT-PCR was performed to evaluate the expression levels of key virulence factors including outer membrane proteins (aim-1, fadA) in F. nucleatum as well as cysteine proteinases or RESULTS: The MIC of TQ were 12 and 16 μg/mL in F. nucleatum and P. gingivalis, respectively. The sub-MIC concentrations of TQ could prevent biofilm formation and hemolysis activities of both bacteria. TQ also inhibited H2S production which is highly associated with oral malodour. Scanning electron microscopy revealed that TQ could disrupt bacterial membrane and led to cell lysis.

Furthermore, TQ reduced the expression of major virulence factors tested CONCLUSIONS: The TQ had potent antibacterial effect and could attenuate potential to be developed and used in periodontal treatments, especially to prevent the progression of periodontitis. Grab it today of interest statement: Declaration of Competing Interest All authors declare that they have no competing interests. Biofilm-forming ability and infection potential of Pseudomonas aeruginosa strains isolated from animals and humans. Pseudomonas aeruginosa has been amongst the top 10 'superbugs' worldwide and is causing infections with poor outcomes in both humans and animals. From 202 P. aeruginosa isolates (n = 121 animal and n = 81 human), 40 were selected on the basis of biofilm-forming ability and were comparatively characterized in terms of virulence determinants to the type strain P. aeruginosa PAO1.

Biofilm formation, pyocyanin and hemolysin production, and bacterial motility patterns were compared with the ability to kill human cell line A549 in vitro. On average, there was no significant difference between levels of animal and human cytotoxicity, while human isolates produced higher amounts of pyocyanin, hemolysins and showed increased swimming ability. Non-parametric statistical analysis identified the highest positive correlation between hemolysis and the swarming ability. For the first time an ensemble machine learning approach used on the in vitro virulence data determined the highest relative predictive importance of the submerged biofilm formation for the cytotoxicity, as an indicator of the infection ability. The findings from the in vitro study were validated in vivo using zebrafish (Danio rerio) embryos. This study highlighted no major differences between P. aeruginosa species isolated from animal and human infections and the importance of pyocyanin production in cytotoxicity and Effects of Quorum Sensing Systems on Regulatory T Cells in Catheter-Related Pseudomonas aeruginosa Biofilm Infection Rat Models.

University, Chongqing 400014, China; Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Child Development and Disorders, Chongqing 400014, China; Key Laboratory of Pediatrics in Chongqing, Chongqing 400014, China; China International Science and Technology Cooperation Base of Child Development and Critical Disorders, BACKGROUND: Quorum sensing (QS) systems play an important role in modulating biofilm formation. Recent studies have found that the QS molecules had complex known as important negative regulators in the immune system, have been found upregulated in multiple chronic infections. Therefore, the QS systems were hypothesized to be involved in modulating Tregs in biofilm-associated infections. Object. To explore Bacterial polysaccharides of QS systems on Tregs in catheter-related Pseudomonas aeruginosa biofilm infection rat models. METHOD: Catheter-related Pseudomonas aeruginosa biofilm infection rat models were established; the bacterial clearance rates, total cell counts in bronchoalveolar lavage (BAL) fluid, pathological changes of lungs, and the levels of Foxp3, TGF-β1, and IL-10 in PAO1 strain group were examined and compared with the QS-mutant ΔlasRΔrhlR and ΔlasIΔrhlI groups.
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