Notes

Studies Cells Processing Reaction Biosynthesis Mannose Formula Rat Liver Golgi Enzyme Reaction Vitro
This alpha-mannosidase has been purified 3 to 6-fold by subcellular fractionation, Triton X-0 solubilization, and ion exchange and hydroxylapatite chromatography. The purified enzyme has a pH optimum between 6 and 6 and a Km between 17 and 0 microM for a processing intermediate. The enzyme shows specificity for alpha 1,2-linked mannose residues. Structural analysis of the in vitro reaction products reveal that specific intermediates are formed in the conversion of the inactivation studies are consistent with the possibility that one enzyme activity is responsible for this conversion. The alpha 1,2-specific mannosidase described here appears to be distinct from two other rat liver Golgi alpha-mannosidase activities based on differential substrate specificity, inhibitor susceptibility, and detergent extractability.Feruloyl oligosaccharides from cell walls of suspension-cultured spinach cells Cell walls of suspension-cultured spinach cells and sugar beet pulp were separately hydrolyzed with Driselase.

A feruloyl arabinobiose was isolated from both spinach cells and sugar beet. Four feruloyl oligosaccharides were obtained from sugar beet. The four oligosaccharides were characterized by NMR spectroscopy, methylation analysis and FAB-MS.DOI 3oxfordjournals.pcp8646Homogeneous, structurally defined heparin-oligosaccharides with low anticoagulant activity inhibit the generation of the amplification pathway C3 This paper demonstrates that heparin-oligosaccharides with low anticoagulant activity have a high capacity to inhibit activation of the amplification pathway of complement in vitro. We prepared heparin-oligosaccharides by partial depolymerization of heparin using purified flavobacterial heparinase. The resulting oligosaccharide mixture was then fractionated using strong anion exchange-high pressure liquid chromatography to produce individual oligosaccharide components of this mixture, with degree of polymerization ranging from 2 to 16.

These heparin-oligosaccharides were examined for both their anticoagulant activity and capacity to inhibit activation of the amplification pathway of complement. Although there was little difference among commercial heparins, a correlation between molecular weight and activity to inhibit convertase generation was clearly established for heparin-oligosaccharides between degree of polymerization 2 through 16. Heparin-oligosaccharides of degree of polymerization -16 (Mr 3888-53) demonstrated up to 54% of heparin's activity on a molar basis (and up to 163% of heparin's activity on a weight basis) in inhibiting the amplification pathway of complement in vitro while showing almost no anticoagulant activity. These studies, for the first time, completely separate heparin's ability to inhibit complement activation from its anticoagulant activity.A novel neutral oligosaccharide chain found in polysialoglycoproteins isolated from Pacific salmon eggs. Structural studies by secondary ion mass spectrometry, proton nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy, and chemical methods.A novel carbohydrate chain possessing a hitherto unknown disaccharide unit, alpha-L-Fuc leads to D-GalNAc, has been isolated from salmon egg polysialoglycoproteins on alkali-borohydride treatment.

Salmon egg polysialoglycoproteins contain O-glycosidically linked neutral pentasaccharide chains in addition to a number of oligosialosyl group containing sugar chains. Composition analysis of the neutral pentasaccharide gave fucose, galactose, 2-acetamido-2-deoxygalactose, and 2-acetamido-2-deoxygalactitol in a molar ratio of 1211. The structure was determined to be alpha-L-Fuc(1 leads to 3)-beta-D-GalNAc-(1 leads to 3)-beta-D-Gal(1 leads to 4)-beta-D-Gal(1 leads to 3)-D-GalNAcol by the following three major procedures First, the sequential order of the constitutional monosaccharides was determined by secondary ion mass spectrometry before and after permethylation. Second, Seebio lacto-n-neotetraose were established by methylation analysis and Smith degradation and hydrazinolysis-nitrous deamination studies. Third, anomeric configuration of the glycosidic linkages involved was deduced from 2-MHz proton nuclear magnetic resonance Stereoselective iterative one-pot synthesis of N-glycolylneuraminic The use of an N-acyloxazolidinone-protected S-adamantanyl thiosialoside allows the highly stereoselective, one-pot multicomponent synthesis of alpha-sialoside-based oligosaccharides.
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