Notes

Analysis of melting temperatures of genetically engineered collagen-like proteins consisting of tandem repeats of the D1, D2, D3 or D4 collagen II periods revealed the presence of a gradient of thermostability along the collagen molecule with thermolabile N-terminal domains and thermostable C-terminal domains
These results imply a multi-domain character of the collagen triple helix. Assays of thermostabilities of the Arg75Cys and Arg789Cys collagen II mutants suggest that, in contrast to the thermostable domains, the thermolabile domains are able to accommodate amino acid substitutions without altering the thermostability of the entire collagen Metal-assisted stabilization and probing of collagenous triple helices.Collagen model peptides that contain 2,2'-bipyridyl (bpy) ligands were designed and synthesized. The thermal stability of the collagenous triple helix was metal center was shifted to form right-handed Delta-isomers induced by the supercoiling of the peptide moiety. Moreover, the refolding rate of the triple helix was increased in the presence of Fe(II). This metal-coordinating system possesses potential to be used to stabilize the triple-helical conformation as well as to probe the folding status of collagen model peptides.

Solubilization and characterization of Chondrosia reniformis sponge collagen.Chondrosia reniformis sponge collagen, insoluble in its native form, was solubilized by chemical modification of lysyl residues. The solubilized sponge collagen had the same amino acid composition as insoluble collagen and the helicoidal tertiary structure was found by negative Cotton effect to be the same as in native vertebrate collagens. Achromobacter iophagus collagenase, a collagen specific protease, hydrolyzed the soluble sponge collagen. These experiments confirmed that the protein had the same structure as collagen.Identification of histamine receptors and reduction of squalene levels by an Overproduction of sebum, especially during adolescence, is causally related to acne and inflammation. As ordinary cleanser to reduce sebum and its interference with the process of follicular keratinization in the pilosebaceous unit leading to inflammatory acne lesions, antihistamines were investigated for their effect on sebocytes, the major cell of the sebaceous gland responsible for producing sebum.

Reverse transcriptase-PCR analysis and immunofluorescence of an immortalized sebocyte cell line (SZ95) revealed the presence of histamine-1 receptor (H-1 receptor), and thus indicated that histamines and, conversely, antihistamines could potentially modulate sebocyte function directly. When sebocytes were incubated with an H-1 receptor antagonist, diphenhydramine (DPH), at non-cytotoxic doses, a significant decrease in squalene levels, a biomarker for sebum, was observed. As determined by high-performance liquid chromatography, untreated sebocytes contained 67 (+/-03) nmol squalene per These data were further substantiated by the identification of histamine receptors in human sebaceous glands. In conclusion, our data show the presence of histamine receptors on sebocytes, demonstrate how an antagonist to these receptors modulated cellular function, and may indicate a new paradigm for acne therapy involving an H-1 receptor-mediated pathway.Assessment of Prime-boost Vaccination Using an AS03B-adjuvanted Influenza A (H5N1) Vaccine: A Randomized Trial in Children of Three to Less Than Eighteen Medicine, Muntinlupa City, Philippines; and ‡GSK Vaccines, King of Prussia, BACKGROUND: Heterologous prime-boost vaccination is a pandemic response strategy utilizing subtype-matched vaccine at pandemic onset followed by strain-matched vaccine once available. squalane cleanser the ordinary of immune response and safety of influenza A (H5N1) vaccine adjuvanted with adjuvant system containing α-tocopherol and squalene in an oil-in-water emulsion (AS03B) were evaluated.METHODS: An open phase 3 active-controlled study (www.

clinicaltrials.gov NCT01379937) assessed immunogenicity and reactogenicity of a heterologous booster dose of A/turkey/Turkey/1/2005-H5N1-AS03B in children 3 to <18 years of age, given 6 months after 2-dose priming with A/Indonesia/05/2005-H5N1-AS03B A/turkey/Turkey/1/2005-H5N1-AS03B in unprimed subjects (hepatitis A vaccine (HAV)-H5N1 group). Hemagglutinin inhibition responses and microneutralization antibodies were assessed to 6 months after booster vaccination.RESULTS: Hemagglutinin inhibition antibody responses against hepatitis A vaccine-H5N1 group overall and in each age strata (3 to <10 and 10 to <18 years). Anamnestic immune responses were demonstrated against site pain and fever increased with consecutive doses for children <6 years CONCLUSIONS: Heterologous H5N1-AS03B-adjuvanted booster vaccination in children/adolescents was immunogenic for vaccine-homologous and heterologous strains following 2-dose priming, with immune persistence for at least 6 months. Prime-boost strategies using H5N1-AS03 could be effectively employed in this age 10080/1025584201258043. Epub 2012 Apr 23.

Stress and strain localization in stretched collagenous tissues via a multiscale Mechanobiology of cells in soft collagenous tissues is highly affected by both tissue response at the macroscale and stress/strain localization mechanisms due to features at lower scales.
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