Notes

11 Robot Development Trends
The development of robotics will largely be determined by related industries: the science of materials and advances in computer technology. Analysts have identified the primary trends on the market for the following 5yrs.

People tend to overestimate the impact from the latest technology sooner and underestimate its impact in the long run.

But it doesn't negate the truth that the expert community, their state and business have to have a roadmap for the continuing development of innovative industries sometime soon.

The authors from the annual survey with the home and industrial robots market discussed with experts the primary trends in this field and in the report for 2021 presented 11 areas that next 5yrs will have the highest effect on the progression of robotics on the planet.

1. New materials

Even whenever we consider the simplest industrial manipulators, in 2019 there are approximately 3.5 thousand people per robot, this also ratio isn't likely growing without radical changes in the science of materials from which robotics is done, the authors with the review are sure. They pay special care about two promising materials:

gallium nitride (GaN), which could successfully replace silicon for transistor manufacturing;
graphene, a super-thin and super-strong material where it's possible to produce actuators for robots, new batteries and even more.

2. New reasons for energy, technologies for the collection and storage

Considering how much heat generated with the combustion of gasoline and the human need for energy, you can easily calculate if everyone was eating gasoline, they'd merely have 150 g of fuel per day. In turn, electric motors are now even less power efficient than an inside combustion engine. In order for robots so that you can compete with humans within their capabilities, breakthrough technologies are expected in their energy supply.

For example, this is actually the improvement of current lithium batteries, the creation of new batteries based on hydrogen, and so forth. Also, we must keep in mind about alternative, alternative energy. Finally, a technology can be carried out recharge the robot remotely, by way of example, from powers included in the ground or walls.

3. Interaction of sets of robots and people

These are unmanned traffic management systems. To avoid accidents and accidents, transport robots must have a channel of communication both with humans with the other person.

4. Navigation in extreme conditions

Robots must understand what they may be doing and where they're moving not merely under normal human conditions, but additionally where people just cannot make it happen: by way of example, out in the wild or for the seabed.

In addition, situations cannot be excluded if the robot will stay completely without communication (for example, underground or even in case of the satellite breakdown). In this case, you will need to produce a fully autonomous navigation system for unmanned devices. Similar developments already exist both abroad along with Russia.

5. Machine learning

The development of artificial intelligence is necessary to produce truly useful and "smart" robots. Over the next few years, Sberbank analysts identify four fundamental vectors of development in this area:

increasing the efficiency utilizing neural networks by looking into making their architecture more advanced or reducing power consumption;

teaching algorithmic procedures rather than hard programming, which will simplify and, therefore, speed up the operation of acquiring skills from the machine;

mass adoption of cloud services for machine learning;

improvement of motional actions of robots as a result of artificial intelligence technologies.

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6. Human-machine interaction

The robot economy, like all other innovative technologies, is all about increasing productivity. That is, automation is not a finish by itself, but an instrument to increase economic efficiency. The authors of the review are likely to believe that the best result will be shown not by replacing people with robots, but by their cooperation. According to them, the interaction of robots and humans will develop in four main areas:

a robot as a power tool that repeats human capabilities (by way of example, exoskeletons and prostheses);

robot as a power tool that expands human capabilities;

an avatar robot, that's, a device remotely controlled by the an affiliate hard-to-reach places;

social interaction with a person, such as voice assistants and chat bots.

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7. Manipulation robotics

The authors from the Sberbank report believe that next five years we have been unlikely to see a breakthrough in hardware technologies for robots ("hardware"), however the progression of software will increase the capabilities and lower the price of manipulation technology.

First of most, we are speaking about improving the feedback of sensors. Robot, grabbing an item, will have to inform the operator in detail about how heavy it is, dimensions, compression force, etc. Also, new computer technologies can make it possible to program more complex trajectories to move of manipulators.

8. Sensorics

One from the definitions in the idea of "robot", that your analysts of Sberbank abide by, says that it is a device that is certainly capable of perceive the world around it with the aid of sensors, process the signals received in this way and react accordingly. Reducing the cost, simplifying and helping the capabilities of sensorics is one with the key trends within the progression of robotics inside future years.

9. Robosimulators

Large quantities of data are essential to train robots. To receive them, it isn't necessary to create a model of your robot - often it might be economically unprofitable, occasionally dangerous for someone. Therefore, the quantity of creation of computer simulators of your robot will still only increase using the expansion of automation.

10. New drive

Fundamentally, the principles of developing drive mechanisms are unlikely to change, but even here the authors with the review find a field for innovation. In addition to the new super-strong materials specified in the first paragraph, these might be new motors and gearboxes.

11. MirOS and production

Again, this really is primarily about software innovation. Libraries of electronic components, high-quality digital diaries, virtual reality tools can simplify the item design process.

At the production stage, the progress of robotics will be stimulated from the emergence of the latest materials, their decrease in price, and also the growth and development of 3D printing. It also requires optimization of software, that can make it easier and faster to make new machines.
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