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Why It's Important to See a Doctor
Premature ventricular contractions (PVCs) are a form of irregular heartbeat. These extra beats are usually not dangerous and may go away by themselves.
Doctors will monitor your heartbeat, and check other vitals signs. They might order an Holter monitor, a device that records your heart's electrical impulses over 24-48 hours. They can also order blood tests to check your electrolyte levels and thyroid hormones.
Diagnosis
PVCs are caused by electrical impulses from the heart's lower chambers ventricles, or lower chambers, fail to pass through a structure called the SA node. This causes the next heartbeat to be delayed, leading to an experience similar to the heart is fluttering or skips beats. PVCs can occur in a single pattern or in repeated patterns. Two consecutive PVCs are known as doublets. Three or more consecutive PVCs are referred to as the term ventricular Tachycardia (VT).
Some people have no symptoms, while others experience palpitations. It can be felt as an unsteady heartbeat or a skipping heartbeat. Other typical symptoms include fatigue and dizziness, as well as a feeling of being sick.
Many people who experience occasional PVCs don't need any treatment. If a patient is experiencing frequent episodes, a doctor might suggest a change in the diet or lifestyle. For instance, limiting caffeine and stress as well as alcohol. They might prescribe medications such as beta-blockers and calcium channel blockers that can lower blood pressure and slow down the heart rate.
Doctors will inquire about the patient's medical history and conduct a physical exam to determine their general health. They may also employ an electrocardiogram (ECG) to take an image of the heart's electrical activity, or a Holter monitor, which is worn for longer durations and captures the heart's rhythms over time. Doctors may request blood tests in certain cases to check for electrolyte imbalances or toxic effects of drugs.
A pvc doctor might refer the patient to an electrophysiologist or specialist in heart rhythm disorders for further examination. The doctor can confirm the diagnosis of PVCs and determine if they are benign or malignant.
PVCs are everywhere and are not usually harmful unless they are used regularly or for a long period of time. This can cause a weakening in the heart muscle, or a condition called pvc-induced cardiomyopathy. This is more prevalent in older adults or those suffering from heart disease. It can also happen in healthy people with a normal heart, although this is more likely for those who exercise regularly. It's not a serious problem, but it is important to tell your doctor if symptoms like fatigue or fainting occur.
Treatment
PVCs aren't harmful or cause any symptoms in the majority of people. They don't require treatment. If you feel that your heart is racing or skipping a beat, it's best to consult a doctor immediately.
A cardiologist will first interview you and then perform a physical examination by listening to your heart using a stethoscope to detect any irregular beats. Additionally, you will undergo an electrocardiogram, which captures the electrical impulses of your heart, allowing you to identify any arrhythmias. If an arrhythmia is detected then a 24-hour Holter monitor or another portable ECG will be needed to detect the irregular rhythm for longer periods of time. These devices will help doctors determine if you have PVCs and the cause of them, like an electrolyte imbalance, drug toxicity, or other factors.
You may be asked to undergo an echocardiogram (an ultrasound of your heart) to determine the health of your heart is good and to look for structural issues that could cause PVCs. You could also be asked to take an exercise test to determine how your heart reacts to exercise. Physical activity can increase the frequency of PVCs. You may also undergo blood tests to assess your thyroid, potassium, and magnesium hormone levels to determine whether they are low, which can contribute to the development of PVCs.
After your doctor has confirmed that you're suffering from PVCs and has eliminated any serious illness, the decision of whether to treat them will be contingent on the degree to which they're affecting your life and how frequently they occur. If they happen only on occasion and don't cause any symptoms, it's unlikely your doctor will prescribe any medication to reduce the frequency or severity of them.
If, however, you suffer from frequent PVCs that cause heart palpitations, as well as other symptoms such as feeling lightheaded or like you're about to faint, your physician may suggest medications for you, such as beta blockers or calcium channel blockers. Altering window doctor to avoid triggers, like caffeine, smoking and excessive stress, can aid in reducing the frequency of occurrences of these unusual pulses.
The following is a list of preventatives.
PVCs can cause no symptoms or heart palpitations, which may feel like "skipped beats" or flutters in your chest. These episodes can create an feeling of fullness or pressure, or make you feel faint. These episodes are caused by the heart isn't pumping as efficiently as it normally does. PVCs are associated with an increased risk of developing dilated cardiac myopathy. This is a condition where the heart gets larger and is unable to pump blood.
PVCs are usually caused by changes in the body's chemistry. They can be caused by the release of adrenaline and thyroid hormones, in addition to drinking caffeine or alcohol. Lack of exercise can trigger these symptoms and stress, as well as excess weight.
Certain people find that a change in diet can reduce their PVCs. They can, for example avoid foods that contain preservatives that can cause a disturbance of the heart rhythm. These include disodium guanylate and disodium Inosinate, and diazole Sodium (E282-283). They can also consume more fruits and vegetables to ensure that they get enough potassium and magnesium.
Regular health checks are essential as are annual physicals. These tests can help identify any heart-related conditions that could be causing your PVCs. It is also recommended to adhere to an appropriate diet and avoid smoking, which can increase the frequency of your episodes.
A survey of healthcare workers on 14 normal hospital wards revealed that they were aware of the preventive measures for vascular catheter-associated infections However, their self-assessed compliance with these practices was poor. The compliance improved following a feedback intervention however, it was still low on some of the observed wards. This suggests that education is required to implement preventive measures and that wards that are less compliant need to be targeted for monitoring of infection. This information can be used to guide the implementation of further quality improvement initiatives on these wards. This could involve more training and education for staff. It will also be important to ensure that the right materials for implementing the preventive measures are available.
Symptoms
Premature ventricular contractions can cause your heartbeat to skip beats or flutter. These arrhythmias can be harmless or they can be an indication of serious heart problems.
In healthy individuals, occasional PVCs aren't an issue and they generally disappear on their own. If you're suffering from many of them, they could lead to dizziness or weakness. Consult your doctor if worried. You might be required to provide an medical history, and they might also perform an examination of the body to diagnose the problem. They might also need to conduct an electrocardiogram or other tests.
A quick ECG test will allow your doctor to observe the heartbeat signal moving through your body for a the course of a brief period. The test will determine if you have PVCs. Your doctor may also suggest the use of a Holter monitor that tracks your heartbeat for a longer period of time. These tests can help differentiate PVCs from arrhythmias that cause heart palpitations. You can wear an event monitor, which is a portable device that records your heart rhythm for 30 days.
Other tests for the heart may be required, depending on the cause of your PVCs. For example, a cardiologist might check your blood pressure, and also perform an ultrasound of your heart (echocardiogram). These tests will determine if you suffer from an illness like heart failure, mitral valve prolapse, or cardiomyopathy.
Your doctor may also have to do an analysis of your blood to determine what's wrong in your electrolytes, like low potassium or high calcium levels. This could be a sign that you have PVCs or another problem such as anemia, or anxiety disorders.
You might be referred to an electrophysiologist, a specialist who specializes in treating heart rhythms that are abnormal. This specialist may need to perform other tests if you have heart conditions that cause structural damage like the CT or MRI scan of your chest. These tests can tell whether you've damaged your heart and how severe it is. In some instances an expert may recommend a pacemaker to treat the issue that is causing the PVCs.
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