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Why It's Important to See a Doctor
Premature ventricular contractions (PVCs) are a kind of irregular heartbeat. These extra beats are typically not harmful and will go away by themselves.
Doctors will monitor your heartbeat and also check other vital signs. They may order a Holter Monitor which records the electrical impulses of your heart over a time of 24 to 48 hours. They can also order blood tests to check your thyroid hormones and electrolyte levels.
Diagnosis
PVCs are caused by electrical impulses which misfire through the SA node, a structure located in the lower chambers of the heart. This delay the next heartbeat, causing a feeling of skipped beats or fluttering in the chest. PVCs may occur alone or in repeated patterns. Doublets are two consecutive PVCs. Ventricular tachycardia is three or more consecutive PVCs.
Some people are not experiencing any symptoms, but others experience heart palpitations. This can feel like a pounding heartbeat or a rapid heartbeat. Other symptoms are dizziness, fatigue or a feeling of being unwell.
Many people who have occasional PVCs do not require any treatment. If a person experiences frequent episodes, doctors could recommend a change in the way of life or diet including a reduction in alcohol, caffeine and stress. They may prescribe beta-blockers or calcium channel blockers to lower blood pressure and slow down the heart rate.
Doctors will inquire about the medical history of the patient and do a physical exam to determine their general health. They may also utilize a Holter monitor to track the heart's rhythms for longer durations or an electrocardiogram which takes a snapshot at the electrical activity in the heart. Doctors may require blood tests in some cases to determine if there are electrolyte imbalances or toxic effects of drugs.
Sometimes, a pvc doctor will refer a patient to a specialist in heart rhythm problems, or an electrophysiologist, for further evaluation. This doctor will confirm a diagnosis of PVCs, and determine whether they are benign or malignant.
PVCs can be found everywhere and aren't usually harmful unless they are used regularly or for a long period of time. This could lead to a weakening of the heart muscle, or a condition referred to as pvc-induced cardiomyopathy. It is more prevalent in older adults or people suffering from heart disease. It can also occur to healthy people who have normal, normal heart. However, it is more prevalent among those who exercise regularly. It's not an issue to worry about but it's important to tell your doctor if you experience symptoms like fainting or fatigue.
Treatment
For many, occasional PVCs might not cause symptoms or are harmless and need no treatment. If you feel that your heart is racing or not making a beat, it's best to see a doctor right away.
A cardiologist will start by interviewing you and performing a physical examination, and listening to your heart with the stethoscope to look for irregular beats. You'll also undergo an electrocardiogram, which records the electrical signals of your heart, allowing you to identify any arrhythmias. If an arrhythmia is detected then you will require a 24-hour Holter monitor or other portable ECG is required to record the irregular rhythm for longer periods of time. These devices will help doctors determine if you suffer from PVCs and the underlying cause for them, like an electrolyte imbalance, drug toxicities, or any other cause.
You might be asked to undergo an echocardiogram (an ultrasound of your heart) to determine the health of your heart is in good shape and to check for structural issues which could lead to PVCs. You may also be asked to take an exercise test to assess the response of your heart to exercise. Physical activity can increase your frequency of pvcs. You can also have blood tests to test your thyroid hormone as well as potassium, magnesium, and other hormones to determine whether they're low. This could lead to PVCs.
If your doctor has confirmed that you suffer from PVCs and has ruled any serious diseases out, the decision to treat them will depend on how they affect your life and how frequently they occur. If they occur only occasionally and don't trigger any symptoms, it's unlikely your doctor will prescribe any medication to reduce the frequency or severity of them.
If, however, you suffer from frequent PVCs that trigger the sensation of palpitations or other symptoms, such as feeling lightheaded or like you're about to faint, your physician might recommend medications, such as beta blockers or calcium channel blockers. Making changes to your lifestyle in order to avoid triggers, like caffeine, smoking and excessive stress, can reduce the frequency of occurrences of these unusual pulses.
The following is a list of preventions.
PVCs can cause no symptoms or heart palpitations, which may be described as "skipped beats" or flutters in your chest. These episodes can create an feeling of pressure or fullness or they may cause you to feel faint. These episodes are caused by the heart not pumping as effectively as it should. PVCs are linked to an increased risk of dilated cardiomyopathy. This is a condition where the heart gets larger and is unable to pump blood.
PVCs are often caused by changes in body chemistry. This can be caused by the release of adrenaline and thyroid hormones, as well drinking alcohol or caffeine. Stress or excess weight or a lack of exercise, can trigger these episodes.
Some people find that changing their diet can reduce the amount of PVCs. For instance, they can, avoid foods that contain preservatives which could cause disturbances to the heart rhythm. These include disodium guanylate, diazole, and disodium inosinate Sodium (E282-283). Eat more fruits and veggies to ensure that you get enough magnesium.
Regular health checks are crucial, including yearly physicals. These tests can help diagnose any heart issues that could cause your PVCs. It is also recommended to adhere to an eat-healthy diet and avoid smoking, which could increase the frequency of your episodes.
A survey of healthcare professionals on 14 normal hospital wards revealed that they were aware of the preventive measures for infections caused by vascular catheters However, their self-assessed compliance with these practices was poor. After a feedback intervention the compliance level improved on a few areas, but was still very low. This suggests that education is required to implement preventive measures and that wards that are less conforming should be targeted for infection monitoring. These data can be used to guide quality improvement initiatives in these wards. This will likely require more education and training for staff. the window doctor will also be necessary to ensure that the right tools for implementing the preventive measures are in place.
Signs and symptoms
Involuntary ventricular contractions that are premature can cause your heartbeat to skip beats or be fluttering. These arrhythmias can be harmless, but they could indicate you have serious heart problems.
In healthy people, PVCs that occur occasionally are not a problem. They usually disappear on their own. If you have many of them, it could cause dizziness or weakness. If you're worried, talk to your doctor about the symptoms. They may need to determine the problem by taking a medical history and giving you a physical exam. They'll also probably want to conduct an electrocardiogram (ECG or EKG) or other tests.
A short ECG test will allow your doctor to observe the pulse of your heart going through your body over a a short period of time. The test will show if you have PVCs. Your doctor might also suggest a Holter monitor that tracks your heartbeat for a longer period of time. This can help distinguish PVCs from other arrhythmias which cause heart palpitations. You can wear an event monitor, which is a portable device that tracks your heart's rhythm over 30 days.
Other heart tests may be required, depending on the reason behind your PVCs. A cardiologist can check your blood pressure or conduct an echocardiogram (ultrasound of the heart). These can help find if you have a issue that could be causing your PVCs like cardiomyopathy, mitral valve prolapse or heart failure.
Your doctor may also need to perform an analysis of your blood to determine the issue with electrolytes. For instance, you may have low potassium levels or high levels of calcium. This could indicate that you have PVCs, or another problem such as anemia, or anxiety disorders.
You may be referred a specialist in electrophysiology, who is able to treat abnormal heart rhythms. The doctor may be required to perform other tests if you have heart problems that are structural like a CT or MRI scan of your chest. These tests can determine if you have damage to your heart and how serious it is. In certain cases, a doctor may suggest a pacemaker or ICD to treat the condition that is causing your PVCs.
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