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1. Integumentary
2. Skeletal
3. Muscular
4. Nervous
5. Endocrine
6. Lymphatic
7. Digestive
8. Reproductive
9. Urinary
10. Cardiovascular
11. Respiratory
Life Processes
1. Metabolism- anabolism, catabolism
2. Movement- self-explanatory
3. Responsiveness- HOMEOSTASIS
4. Growth- increasing in size, number, and complexity of cells
5. Reproduction- producing new cells or individuals
6. Differentiation- specialization of cells
Positive Feedback Examples: childbirth, action potential/nerve impulse propogation
Negative Feedback Examples: blood pressure, blood sugar, temperature (sweating/shivering)
Cell Junctions:
1. tight junction- no leakage
2. adherens junction- actin
3. desmosomes- intermediate filaments
4. hemidesmosomes- nails
5. gap junctions- allows passage of small molecules flow (i.e. heart gap junctions)
Epithelial Tissue
1. simple squamous- diffusion/osmosis (alveoli, capillaries, bronchial tubes)
a. ENDOTHELIUM- lining the heart or vessels
2. simple cuboidal- secretion/absorption (ducts of glands- pancreatic duct)
3. simple columnar- secretion/absorption (ciliated- fallopian tubes/upper respiratory tract- microvilli- small intestines)
4. pseudostratified columnar epithelium
5. stratified squamous epithelium- SKIN
6. transitional epithelium- bladder
Connective Tissue
- Most abundant tissue
- made by FIBROBLASTS
- Cells + ECM (fibers + ground substance)
- Collagen: strength and flexibility
- Elastic: stretch and recoil
- Reticular: strength and support
1. LOOSE areolar- all 3 fibers; found all over
2. LOOSE adipose- adipocytes; found in Sub Q
3. LOOSE reticular- framework (STROMA) for many organs
4. DENSE regular- collagen fibers; tendons and ligaments
5. DENSE irregular- collagen fibers; dermis of skin/periosteum/pericardium
6. DENSE elastic- elastic fibers; lungs and heart
7. hyaline CARTILAGE- weakest; joints and ribs
8. fibroCARTILAGE- strongest; intervertebral disks and pubic symphysis
9. elastic CARTILAGE- ear, nose, and epiglottis
10. compact BONE- osteons
11. spongey BONE- trabeculae
12. blood (LIQUID)- matrix is plasma; RBC and platelets
13. lymph (LIQUID)- WBC
Membranes
1. serous- face interior; ET + CT
2. mucous- face outside world; ET + CT
3. cutaneous- skin (epidermis and dermis); ET + CT
4. synovial- joints; CT only
5. meninges- dura, arachnoid, pia, etc.; CT only
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