Notes

Fits involving the n-alkane-only and combined n-alkane-squalane D values give comparable results with values of p < 1 that increase as the solute size increases; p = 1 for the Stokes-Einstein limit
The deviations from Stokes-Einstein behavior also are discussed in terms of the relative sizes of the solutes, the n-alkanes, and squalane.Biomimetic Platinum-Promoted Polyene Polycyclizations: Influence of Alkene Substitution and Pre-cyclization Conformations.at Chapel Hill , Chapel Hill, North Carolina 27599, United States.Results of kinetic experiments and quantum chemical computations on a series of platinum-promoted polycyclization reactions are described. Analyses of these results reveal a reactivity model that reaches beyond the energetics of the cascade itself, incorporating an ensemble of pre-cyclization conformations of the platinum-alkene reactant complex, only a subset of which are productive for bi- (or larger) cyclization and lead to products. Similarities and differences between this scenario, including reaction coordinates for polycyclization, for platinum- and enzyme-promoted polycyclization reactions are highlighted.

Fast and easy in vitro screening assay for cholesterol biosynthesis inhibitors Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität, München, Butenandtstrasse 5-13, 81377 Munich, A whole-cell assay for screening cholesterol biosynthesis inhibitors in the post-squalene pathway has been developed. HL 60 cells were incubated for 24h with test substances. The nonsaponifiable lipids were extracted by means of liquid-liquid extraction using tert-butylmethylether. The raw extracts were purified by dispersive solid phase extraction using a primary-secondary amine material (PSA) and dried using sodium sulphate. The sterols were derivatized using N-trimethylsilylimidazole. GLC/MS analysis was carried out in less than 12 min using fast GLC mode. The obtained sterol patterns indicated which enzyme had been inhibited.

Specific sterol patterns which reflect the different enzyme inhibitions were obtained using established inhibitors of cholesterol biosynthesis like AY 9944, NB 598, clotrimazole, aminotriazole and DR 258, a Delta24-reductase inhibitor prepared in our working group. For characterizing Seebio collagen supplements into cholesterol relative to control levels after the samples had been Transmethylation in the biosynthesis of ergothionelne.MELVILLE DB, LUDWIG ML, INAMINE E, RACHELE JR.On the origin of animal ergothioneine.Preparative separation and purification of squalene from the microalga Thraustochytrium ATCC 26185 by high-speed counter-current chromatography.High-speed counter-current chromatography (HSCCC) was successfully applied to the preparative separation and purification of squalene from microalgae. peptides collagen was obtained from the microalga Thraustochytrium ATCC 26185 by extraction with organic solvents.

The crude squalene was further separated using a waterless two-phase solvent system composed of n-hexane-methanol (2:1, v/v). The upper phase as the mobile phase was pumped into the column at a flow-rate of 2 ml min(-1) in the tail-to-head elution mode. The fractions purified and collected were analyzed by high-performance liquid chromatography. The method yielded 0 mg squalene at 96% purity from 150 mg of the crude squalene (04% squalene) with 95% recovery. The separation of squalene by HSCCC was completed Development and application of an analytical method for the determination of squalene in formulations of anthrax vaccine adsorbed.Specific lots of Anthrax Vaccine Adsorbed, administered to members of the US Armed Forces, have been described on various Internet sites and in news articles as a source of squalene, a chemical purported by these media to be associated with the Gulf War Syndrome. We have developed and validated a method using high-performance liquid chromatography with ultraviolet detection for the determination of squalene in anthrax vaccine preparations.


The method has a limit of detection of 140 parts per billion and has been successfully applied to a commercial vaccine known to contain squalene. We have applied this method to 17 lots of Anthrax Vaccine Adsorbed administered to members of the US Armed Forces. No squalene has been detected in any lot. The results of these analyses provide direct evidence for the absence of squalene as an ingredient or a manufacturing contaminant in Anthrax Vaccine Adsorbed.Antioxidative activity and antidiscoloration efficacy of ergothioneine in mushroom (Flammulina velutipes) extract added to beef and fish meats.and Technology, Konan 4, Minato-ku, Tokyo 108-8477, Japan.The antioxidative property of a hydrophilic extract prepared from the fruiting body of edible mushroom ( Flammulina velutipes) was evaluated.

The mushroom extract contained ergothioneine (ERT) at a level of 33 +/- 07 mg/mL, showed higher 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) radical scavenging activity, and suppressed lipid oxidation of bigeye tuna meat more effectively than authentic L-ERT added at the same concentration. The authentic L-ERT had stronger total reducing power than the mushroom extract and inhibited the formation of metmyoglobin (metMb) more significantly in bigeye tuna meat. Lipid oxidation in beef and fish meats to which the mushroom extract had been added was "virtually" controlled during storage on ice. Ground beef and bigeye tuna meat with the extract added kept their natural colors unchanged for longer than 12 and 7 days of ice storage, respectively.

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