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How Does Machine Espresso Work?
Machine espresso utilizes precise pressure and mind-blowing filter technology to create the perfect cup of coffee. What exactly is it that makes it work?
Espresso is made by pushing hot water at high pressure through finely ground coffee. The process is similar to that of making drip coffee. However, the pressure is the primary difference.
The Head of the Group
The group head is the portafilter that is inserted when you are making espresso. It is responsible for dispersing the water into the portafilter and then controlling the pressure of the extraction. There are a variety of group heads each with its own advantages and drawbacks. Some are designed for temperature stability while others are specifically designed to handle pre-infusion. Others are made to control the lever. There are some that contain a variety of features, such as the E61 one, which is the most popular choice among baristas due to its ability to offer multiple benefits in one package.
As you can see from the picture above the group head has a number of notches. The portafilter is placed in these notches and then turn the head around to secure it. A gasket made of rubber is positioned in the notches to create a seal as you insert your portafilter. The notches on the head permit an exact placement of the portafilter, which is crucial for an even extraction.
Apart from allowing you easily place your portafilter in, the group head is also responsible to maintain an even temperature. This is accomplished by cycling hot water around the portafilter, and through the brew-basket, making sure that the temperature is at the right level to extract the coffee. espresso and filter coffee machine is vital, because just a few degrees could make the difference between a good and excellent espresso.
The Pump
Contrary to manual piston machines which use a lever to pressurize water, the rotary espresso machines use motorized pumps to deliver the nine atmospheric bars of pressure that are required for espresso extraction. The pressure is created by pumping water through a heat-exchanger and then through the ground coffee.
Pumps tend to be more affordable and last longer than piston-driven machines. However, both types of machines may degrade because of excessive use and inadequate cleaning. They also create mechanical complexity that can lead to a high price tag on even the most basic models.
Some espresso machines make use of steam pressure instead of a pump for brewing espresso. The drawback is that the boiler that produces steam also increases the temperature of the water until it reaches boiling, which can lead to over-extraction. The machines also need to continuously rebuild their pressure between cups. This takes energy and time.
Many espresso machines utilize the rotary or vibration pump, with a vibration model using a rotating disc to create pressure, and a rotary model pushing hot water through the grounds under high speed. Both types of machines can make excellent espresso, however the rotary pumps are quieter, and more durable than vibration pumps.
The Boiler
The boiler is what makes the water warm to a temperature that is ideal to extract. The steam that is produced will eventually reach the portafilter, which contains the espresso coffee grounds. The steam is then channeled into the cup. The steam creates enough pressure to push the grounds of coffee through. This results in a layer crema on top. This is a sign of a great espresso.
There are three kinds of espresso makers. They differ in the type of pump they use and the degree of heat that the espresso is. There are different ways that the brew can be controlled and the size of the cup the machine is capable of making.
The first espresso machines were steam-type. coffee and espresso machine had a single boiler to make both brew and steam, but the pressure they could produce was not very high - two bars of atmospheric pressure at most. The coffee tasted bitter and burned. The modern espresso machine was designed by the Milanese makers Luigi Bezzerra & Desiderio Pavoni.
The most well-known espresso machine is a semiautomatic one with an electric pump. These are the things people think of when they think of an espresso maker. With a semi-automatic espresso machine, you grind the beans and tamp them by hand. However, the pump is able to regulate the flow of water and pressure. This is a great solution that combines human control with mechanised reliability.
The Filter
Typically, espresso machines employ a filter to separate out the grounds of coffee when they pass through the hot water. The filter is also an important component of the temperature control system, as it keeps the machine from overheating.
It also enhances flavor as a filter lets you enjoy a longer bloom time. This allows the beans to release their flavor and allows for a better extraction.
It is important to remember that even the most efficient filter can produce a bad cup of coffee. The quality of the beans and the extraction, remain crucial.
This is where the magic happens, it's what makes espresso taste great. The grouphead, often called the brew head, is where the portafilter (the container you place the ground coffee in) is located when you're making espresso.
Steam-driven espresso machines use hot water heated in an airtight container to make steam. The steam then pushes hot water into the grounds of coffee at high pressure. These machines are less expensive and are easier for the user to maintain than pumps-driven models. However, they are not as efficient in their ability to provide the perfect conditions for brewing, as they only operate at 1-1.5 bars of pressure, while the perfect shot requires 9-10 bar.
In recent years, compressed air-pump-driven espresso machines have become more popular. They utilize an air compressor to force the hot water through the grounds, and are far more portable than steam-driven electric machines.
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