Notes

Sample Questions for EVS

Q1: Explain in details about natural resources (including Renewable and non-renewable resources) and associated problems.
Answer :# Define- Renewable resources cannot be depleted over time. Renewable resources include sunlight, water, wind and
alsogeothermal sources such as hot springs and fumaroles.
# Define- Non-renewable resources deplete over time. Non-renewable resources includes fossil fuels such as coal and petroleum.
# Associated problem: 1. Natural resources are available in a fixed quantity and are non-renewable.
2.There is an increasing scarcity of these natural resources as the population is increasing day by day.
3.Non-renewable natural resources take millions of years to form.

Q2: What is an environment and explain its components?
Answer : An Environment is everything that is around us, which includes both living and nonliving things such as soil, water, animals
and plants, which adapt themselves to their surroundings. It is nature's gift that helps in nourishing life on Earth.
its components : Atmosphere, lithosphere, hydrosphere, biosphere, and solar energy are the five components of our environment.

Q3: What is a Chipko Movement? Describe the problem and its consequence related to this movement.
Answer : * The Chipko Movement is a non-violent resistance aiming to protect India's forests.
* The movement began in the 1970s in response to the increasing destruction of forests for commerce and industry.
* The name of the movementcomes from the word 'embrace', as the villagers hugged the trees, and prevented the contractors' from felling them.
The outcomes (consequences ) were-
1. The goverment issued a ban on felling the trees in the Himalayan region for 15years until the green cover was fully restored.
2. It became a symbol of many popular movement that emerged in different partsof country during 1970s and later.

Q4: Explain the consequences of over utilization of ground water and surface water.
Answer : # over utilization of ground water - The most severe consequence of excessive groundwater pumping is that the water table, below which the ground is saturated
with water, can be lowered. For water to be withdrawn from the ground, water must be pumped from a well that reaches
below the water table.
# over utilization of surface water -* Surface water from pounds, lakes, rivers etc.
*is overdrawn to meet the requirement of huge population.
* It result into drying up of the nearby wet land.
* Heavy rain runoff causing soil erosion and flooding.
* Thus, the residents of low land areas are put to the risks of destruction due to flowing.

Q5: Describe the concept of ecosystem including its structure, function, and component of ecosystem.
Answer : * An ecosystem is a structural and functional unit of ecology where the living organisms interact with each other and the surrounding environment.
* The functional concept can be understood as a specification sheet that focuses on the functional requirements.
* We can recognize four functional components of an ecosystem:
1) abiotic factors, 2) producers, 3) consumers, and 4) decomposers.

Q6: Diagrammatically illustrate food chain, food web & ecological pyramids.
Answer : * A food web is all of the food chains in an ecosystem.
* Each organism in an ecosystem occupies a specific trophic level or position in the food chain or web.
* Producers, who make their own food using photosynthesis or chemosynthesis, make up the bottom of the trophic pyramid.
Examples of Food Webs
Producers: Cacti, bushes, acacias, flowers, brush.
Primary Consumers: Insects, lizards, rodents.
Secondary Consumers: Tarantulas, scorpions, lizards, snakes.
Tertiary Consumers: Hawks, foxes.

Q7: Describe environmental pollution, its pollutants, and its type.
Answer : # Environmental pollution - the addition of unwanted chemicals that cause a change to the environment.
# Its pollutants - A substance or energy introduced into the environment that has undesired effects, or adversely affects the usefulness of a resource.

# Type of environmental pollution are -
* Water Pollution.
* Air Pollution.
* Soil Pollution.
* Thermal Pollution.
* Radioactive Pollution.
* Noise Pollution.
* Light Pollution.

Q8: How solid and wet waste segregation management is important?
Answer : * Waste segregation is that certain types of wastes can be hazardous and can contaminate the environment if not managed correctly.
* This segregation is essential because it makes the task of recycling dry non-biodegradable waste easier.
* It also simplifies the conversion of wet waste like leftover food, used tea leaves, etc. to compost.
* Aims to reduce pollution and protect the environment, as well as improve public health by preventing the spread of diseases.