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Effect of Psychologist Coaching Assertions on Nurturing Abilities within a Simple Nurturing Involvement pertaining to Children.
A single shot large-capacity optical multiple-image encryption method based on wavelength multiplexing and position multiplexing is proposed. In the encryption process of the proposed method, multiple plane waves of different wavelengths are adopted to illuminate secret images that are placed at different positions along the optical axis. All the secret images are encoded into a single grayscale intensity-only image that is recorded by a monochromic camera by applying a diffractive-imaging based double random phase encoding (DRPE) system. In the decryption process, high accuracy images are decrypted without crosstalk from the intensity image through a multimode phase retrieval algorithm and a two-step iterative shrinkage/thresholding (TwIST) algorithm. The feasibility of the proposed method is demonstrated by numerical simulations.We present an optical architecture for a scanning lidar in which a digital micromirror device (DMD) is placed at an intermediate image plane in a receiver to decouple the trade-offs between scan angle, scan speed, and aperture size of the lidar's transmitter and receiver. In the architecture, the transmitter with a galvo mirror and the receiver with a DMD scan the horizontal and vertical fields of view, respectively, to enable an increased field of view of 50°, centimeter transmitter beam diameter, and video frame rate range finding captures. We present our optimized system and discuss the adjustable parameter trade-offs.A novel Rayleigh noise suppression method is proposed to improve temperature accuracy and resolution for Raman distributed fiber-optics sensors. The proposed temperature demodulation method can eliminate temperature measurement inaccuracy caused by Rayleigh noise. The experimental results indicate that the temperature accuracy is optimized from 6.2°C to 1.7°C at a sensing distance of 9.1 km by using the proposed method, and the temperature resolution leads to about 1.5°C improvement compared with the tradition demodulation method at a sensing distance of 10.0 km. The proposed method provides a robust and reliable high performance for long sensing ranges.A high-precision microdisplacement sensor based on zeroth-order diffraction of a single-layer optical grating is reported. Laser grating interference occurs when part of the laser is reflected diffraction by the grating and another part is vertically reflected back by a mirror and diffracted again by the grating, thus generating optical interferometric detection. For the purpose of obtaining the optimal contrast of the optical interferometric detection, the duty cycle of the grating and the orders of diffraction were optimized by the diffraction scalar theory. The microdisplacement sensor demonstrates a sensitivity of 0.40%/nm, a resolution of 0.6 nm, and a full-scale range of up to 100 µm. This work enables a high-performance displacement sensor, and provides a theoretical and technical basis for the design of a displacement sensor with an ultracompact structure.A bidirectional tuning mechanism of whispering gallery modes (WGMs) in a capillary-based microbubble microresonator infiltrated with magnetic fluids (MFs) is investigated. Owing to distinct RI responses of MFs dependent on the applied magnetic field direction with respect to the capillary axis, the RI of MFs shows different variation trends when an external magnetic field is parallel or perpendicular to the capillary axis. Experimental results indicate that WGM resonance dips exhibit wavelength shift in inverse directions for the above two cases, which is in accordance with our theoretical analysis on different refractive variation behaviors of MFs. As the applied magnetic field is perpendicular or parallel to the capillary axis, the WGM resonance wavelength tuning sensitivities tend to be $ - 15.01;rm pm/mT$-15.01pm/mT and 6.3 pm/mT, respectively. Our proposed WGM tuning scheme has several desirable advantages, including bidirectional tunability, high Q-factor, ease of fabrication, and good compatibility with functional materials, making it a promising candidate in the field of magnetic field vector sensing and magnetically manipulated micro-optic devices.In this paper, we propose and demonstrate ultrafast Te nanorods as a saturable absorber (SA) for producing mode locking from an erbium-doped fiber laser for the first time, to the best of our knowledge. The Te nanorods were fabricated by a simple green chemical method with energy conservation and without a purification process. The morphology and structure measurements confirm uniform Te nanorods with a constant aspect ratio. The synthesized SA has a saturation intensity and modulation depth of $25.44, rm MW/cm^2 $25.44MW/cm2 and 4%, respectively. By integrating the proposed SA into an erbium-doped all fiber-based ring cavity, the mode-locked fiber laser was readily generated. The conventional soliton pulses of $3.56;rm ps$3.56ps pulse width were obtained at 1566.7 nm central wavelength and a pulse repetition rate of 1.87 MHz. The results show that the moderate saturable-absorption characteristics of Te nanorods have superior performance in the ultrafast optics field, which is eligible in many applications, such as optical communications.In this paper, we put forward a new application in optical data storage (ODS) of tetraphenylethene (TPE)-doped photopolymer, which has an aggregation-induced emission attribute. The photopolymer host reacted with the excitation light at the focal point of a high numerical-aperture lens to enhance the fluorescence intensity mainly because of the function of the $rm Zn^2 + $Zn2+ ion. We recorded data inside the photopolymer matrix by using this property and had distinct fluorescence intensity contrast between the photochemical regions and other regions. This attribute paves a new way for superresolution ODS and opens the way to exploring the possibility of utilizing TPE-doped photopolymers as chemical sensors in the future.Analysis of spatial frequency of Mueller matrix (MM) images in the Fourier domain yields quantifying parameters of anisotropy in the stromal region in normal and precancerous tissue sections of human uterine cervix. The spatial frequencies of MM elements reveal reliable information of microscopic structural organization arising from the different orientations of collagen fibers in the connective tissue and their randomization with disease progression. Specifically, the local disorder generated in the normal periodic and regular structure of collagen during the growth of the cervical cancer finds characteristic manifestation in the Fourier spectrum of the selected Mueller matrix elements encoding the anisotropy effects through retardance and birefringence. In contrast, Fourier spectra of differential polarization gated images are limited to only one orientation of collagen. Fourier spectra of first row elements M11, M12, M13, and M14 and first column elements M11, M21, M31, and M41 discriminates cervical inter-epithelial neoplasia (CIN)-I from normal cervical tissue samples with 95%-100% sensitivity and specificity. FFT spectra of first and fourth row elements classify CIN-I and CIN-II grades of cervical cancerous tissues with 90%-100% sensitivity and 87%-100% specificity. Normal and CIN-II grade samples are successfully discriminated through Fourier spectra of every MM element while that of M31 element arises as the key classifier among normal, CIN-I, and CIN-II grades of cervical cancer with 100% sensitivity and specificity. These results demonstrate the promise of spatial frequency analysis of Mueller matrix images as a novel, to the best of our knowledge, approach for cancer/precancer detection.We propose and demonstrate a hybrid fiber-based sensor combining a multimode interference (MMI) structure and a surface plasmon resonance (SPR) structure for simultaneous measurement of temperature and refractive index (RI) of a liquid sample. We configure the MMI structure by connecting a single-mode fiber, a no-core fiber, and a single-mode fiber sequentially. We set up the SPR structure by coating a gold film with a thickness of 50 nm on the surface of the no-core fiber. We measure the sensitivity of RI and the temperature of the MMI and SPR structure, respectively. Then we obtain the coefficient matrix to simultaneously measure the temperature and RI of a liquid sample and obtain the highest RI sensitivity of 2061.6 nm/RIU and temperature sensitivity of 37.9 pm/°C. We verify the feasibility of the sensor in liquid alcohol. The testing results indicate that the proposed sensor and testing method are feasible, accurate, and convenient.Extreme ultraviolet (EUV) radiation can be converted to visible light using tetraphenyl butadiene (TPB) as a phosphor. 1 µm films of TPB were prepared using thermal vapor deposition of the pure material and by spin coating suspensions of TPB in high-molecular-weight polystyrene/toluene solutions. Calibrated sources and detectors were used to determine the effective photon conversion efficiency of the films for incident EUV radiation in the wavelength range of $125;rm nmlelambdale 200;rm nm$125nm≤λ≤200nm. After exposure to atmosphere, the efficiency of the vapor-deposited films decreased significantly, while the efficiency of the spin-coated films remained unchanged. The production of TPB films by spin coating offers the advantages of simplicity and long-term stability.Because of material limitations, achieving an athermal design for dual-waveband infrared systems is difficult. This study integrates single-layer diffractive elements to reduce the volume and weight of such a design and introduces optical-digital joint methods to eliminate the impact of low diffraction efficiency. To achieve athermalization, temperature polychromatic integral diffraction efficiency and temperature integral wavelength weight are incorporated in the point spread function (PSF) model. Influence of low diffraction efficiency is eliminated via subsequent algorithm processing. Accordingly, athermal design and processing of a cooled dual-waveband infrared system is achieved and verified via experimental results.In charged spark-ignition engines, additional water injection allows for the reduction of temperature under stoichiometric mixture conditions. However, a higher complexity of the injection and combustion processes is introduced when a mixture of fuel and water ("emulsion") is injected directly into the combustion chamber using the same injector. For this purpose, the mixture must be homogenized before injection so that a reproducible composition can be adjusted. In principle, gasoline and water are not miscible, and may form an unstable macro-emulsion during mixing. However, the addition of ethanol, which is a biofuel component that is admixed to gasoline, can improve the mixing and may lead to a stable micro-emulsion. For the assessment of the distribution of the water and fuel phases in the mixture, a novel imaging concept based on laser-induced fluorescence (LIF) is proposed. In a first spectroscopic study, a fluorescence dye for imaging of the water phase is selected and evaluated. The fluorescence spectra of the dye dissolved in pure water are investigated under varied conditions using a simplified pressure cell equipped with a stirrer. The study comprises effects of temperature, dye concentration, and photo-dissociation on fluorescence signals. In a second step, fuel is mixed with water (5 vol. % to 10 vol. %) containing the dye, and the water dispersion in the fuel is investigated in an imaging study. Additionally, the miscibility of fuel and water is studied for varying ethanol content, and the homogeneity of the mixture is determined. These first investigations are also essential for the assessment of the potential of the LIF technique for studying the distribution of the water phase in internal combustion engine injection systems and sprays.
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