Notes

Postoperative Dysphagia Right after Esophagogastric Fundoplication: Will the Right time to for you to Very first Dilation Issue?
To evaluate the efficacy of a treatment with Myo-inositol (MI) plus melatonin and vitamin D3 in women underwent intra cytoplasmatic sperm injection (ICSI).

100 women undergoing ICSI procedure were enrolled and randomly divided 11 in two groups. The study group was treated with 2 g MI, 50 mg Alpha-Lactalbumin (alpha-LA) and 200 µg folic acid in powder every morning for 6 months (3 months before oocyte pick up and 3 months after ICSI); the same patients underwent treatment with 600 mg MI, 1 mg melatonin plus 200 µg folic acid during the evening for 3 months before oocyte pick up; subsequently the pick up these patients were treated with 600 mg MI, 200 µg folic acid, 1 mg melatonin, 50 µg vitamin D3 as cholecalciferol until the 12th week of gestation. The control group was treated with 200 µg folic acid twice a day. Clinical pregnancy rate was evaluated as primary outcome, followed by blastocyst and oocyte quality, as well as gestational period as secondary outcomes.

Treatment significantly improved blastocyst and oocyte quality in the study group, achieving the 42% of clinical pregnancies vs. 24% in the control group, even though the course of pregnancy did not significantly differ between the groups. However, the mean gestational period was shorter in the control group.

The supplementation of MI in combination with melatonin in the first 3 months before oocyte pick up and with vitamin D3 in the further 3 months could represent an innovative support for all those women undergoing ICSI.
The supplementation of MI in combination with melatonin in the first 3 months before oocyte pick up and with vitamin D3 in the further 3 months could represent an innovative support for all those women undergoing ICSI.
Human PapillomaVirus (HPV) vaccination has been introduced in recent years in clinical practice as the most effective primary prevention strategy for cervical cancer and HPV-induced lesions, either pre-malignant or benign. Since its introduction, HPV vaccination has been progressively demonstrated as extremely effective in preventing extra-genital and male diseases also; furthermore, non only adolescents but adult subjects have been investigated and reported as positively responding to vaccine immunostimulation. More recently, effectiveness of post-treatment vaccine administration has been preliminarily investigated with very promising results in terms of decreased recurrences. On this basis, we report an Italian-focused picture of the state of the art and take a position in favour of the extension of HPV vaccination to male adolescents, to older age groups and to already treated subjects.
Human PapillomaVirus (HPV) vaccination has been introduced in recent years in clinical practice as the most effective primary prevention strategy for cervical cancer and HPV-induced lesions, either pre-malignant or benign. Since its introduction, HPV vaccination has been progressively demonstrated as extremely effective in preventing extra-genital and male diseases also; furthermore, non only adolescents but adult subjects have been investigated and reported as positively responding to vaccine immunostimulation. More recently, effectiveness of post-treatment vaccine administration has been preliminarily investigated with very promising results in terms of decreased recurrences. On this basis, we report an Italian-focused picture of the state of the art and take a position in favour of the extension of HPV vaccination to male adolescents, to older age groups and to already treated subjects.Coronary heart disease (CHD) is a leading cause of death worldwide. It is a multifactorial disorder resulting from harmful interactions between genetic and environmental factors. Due to the central role of mitochondria in cellular energy homeostasis, there is growing evidence supporting the role of damage to mitochondrial components such as mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) in the pathogenesis and progression of CHD. However, the molecular mechanisms linking mtDNA and CHD remains unknown. In terms of mutations, we found that mitochondrial transfer RNA (mt-tRNA) genes are hot spots for pathogenic mutations associated with CHD. These mutations cause structural and functional changes in tRNA; specifically, failure of tRNA metabolism may impair mitochondrial protein synthesis and lead to mitochondrial dysfunction responsible for CHD. This review provides a detailed summary of the mtDNA mutations that have been reported to be associated with CHD and further discusses the possible molecular mechanisms behind the involvement of these mtDNA mutations in CHD.
The aim of this study was to measure the expression of anoctamin 1 (ANO1) in myocardial tissues of mice with pressure overload-induced myocardial fibrosis, and to further investigate the effect of ANO1 on myocardial fibrosis in mice and its mechanism.

A total of 40 male C57/B6 mice aged 6-8 weeks old were divided into 2 groups using a random number table, namely sham operation group (Sham group, n=20) and thoracic aortic constriction group (TAC group, n=20). Meanwhile, 20 ANO1 transgenic (TG) mice aged 6-8 weeks old were enrolled for TAC as TAC + ANO1 TG group. At 8 weeks after TAC, ejection fraction (EF%) and fraction shortening (FS%) in each group of mice were detected via echocardiography. Western blotting and immunofluorescence staining assays were conducted to measure the protein expression of ANO1 in myocardial tissues of mice in each group. The pathological changes in myocardial tissues of mice were evaluated through hematoxylin-eosin (H&E) staining. Reverse Transcription-Polymerase Chain Reactad3 signaling pathway. All our findings indicate that ANO1 can serve as a potential gene target for the treatment of myocardial fibrosis in the future.
In the case of cardiac pressure overload in mice, ANO1 is lowly expressed in myocardial tissues. Meanwhile, its overexpression is able to attenuate pressure overload-induced myocardial fibrosis in mice by repressing the TGF-β/smad3 signaling pathway. All our findings indicate that ANO1 can serve as a potential gene target for the treatment of myocardial fibrosis in the future.
To evaluate the value of PTX3 in the diagnosis of community-acquired pneumonia (CAP).

We included 170 inpatients diagnosed with CAP from January 2016 to December 2018. The patients were divided into the severe pneumonia group and the mild pneumonia group according to their condition. According to the results of pathogen detection, they were divided into the bacterial infection group, the virus infection group, the mixed infection group, and the other pathogen infection group. Clinical data including C-reactive protein (CRP), procalcitonin (PCT), white blood cell count (WBC), and neutrophil-lymphocyte ratio (NLR) were collected. Blood was collected within 24 hours, 3 days, and 7 days after admission, and the serum PTX3 level was dynamically monitored. The correlation between different groups was compared, and expression differences and dynamic changes of PTX3 were analyzed.

PTX3, PCT, and CRP in the CAP group were higher than those in the healthy control group, and the difference was statistically signifnamic monitoring results, can be used as a biomarker to reflect community acquired pneumonia, which can provide effective auxiliary diagnosis and efficacy in monitoring for clinical practice.
Few models of transition have been proposed for inflammatory bowel disease (IBD). The aim of the present study is to evaluate the feasibility of a transition model and the predictive factors for success/failure.

Patients with low activity or remission IBD were enrolled. Proposed model three meetings every four-six weeks the first one in the pediatric center (Bambino Gesù Children's Hospital); the second one, in the adult center (Foundation Polyclinic University A. Gemelli), with pediatric gastroenterologists; the last one, in the adult center, with adult gastroenterologists only. Questionnaires included anxiety and depression clinical scale, self-efficacy, quality of life, visual-analogic scale (VAS). Transition was considered successful if the three steps were completed.

Twenty patients were enrolled (range 18-25 years; M/F 12/8; Ulcerative Colitis/Crohn's Disease 10/10); eight accepted the transition program, four delayed the process and eight refused. Patients who completed transition generated higher scores on the resilience scale, better scores on well-being perception, and had lower anxiety scores. Patients who failed transition were mostly women. The perceived utility of the transition program was scored 7.3 on a VAS scale.

The proposed transition program seems to be feasible. Psychological scores may help in selecting patients and predicting outcomes.
The proposed transition program seems to be feasible. Psychological scores may help in selecting patients and predicting outcomes.Kidney diseases are associated with many cardiovascular risk factors, such as anaemia, inflammation and chronic volume overload. Changes in the sympathovagal balance are common findings in patients with end-stage renal disease (ESRD). In particular, sympathetic hyperactivity is linked with an increase in resting heart rate leading to myocardial hypertrophy and fibrosis. The latter increases the risk of sudden cardiac death from fatal arrythmias and therefore assessment of both sympathetic and parasympathetic tones could be clinically relevant in ESRD patients. Heart rate variability and other indices are currently used to evaluate the functionality of the autonomic nervous system. Some of these have emerged as potential diagnostic tools that can support clinical decision-making processes and therapeutic strategies in patients with renal disease, including those who are on dialysis replacement therapy. In this review, we summarize the impact and the relationships between sympathovagal disturbances and kidney diseases, replacement therapies and transplantation.
Acute cerebral infarction (ACI) is the most common type of acute cerebrovascular disease so far, and its incidence rate has been increasing in recent years. At present, the methods of diagnosing ACI in clinic are extremely complicated, and an effective index that can effectively diagnose ACI is urgently needed in clinic. This study is designed to investigate the clinical significance of Follistatin-like protein 1 (FSTL1), Bax and Bcl-2 in ACI.

A total of 84 cases of ACI patients admitted to our hospital from September 2017 to September 2019 and 90 cases of healthy subjects undergoing physical examination at the same time were selected as the research objects for prospective analysis. The concentrations of FSTL1, Bax and Bcl-2 in the peripheral blood of objects in the two groups were detected to analyze the diagnostic value of FSTL1, Bax and Bcl-2 for ACI, and the correlation of FSTL 1, Bax and Bcl-2 with the infarct size, treatment method and hemorrhagic transformation. Another 20 SD rats were purchased, ion of Bax protein in rat brain tissue were also higher than that in normal rats, while Bcl-2 was lower than that in normal rats (p < 0.001).

FSTL1, Bax and Bcl-2 are involved in the occurrence and development of ACI and are closely related to the hemorrhagic transformation of patients. The mechanism by which FSTL1 promotes the occurrence of ACI might be related to promoting the occurrence of inflammatory responses in the brain tissue of patients or accelerating the apoptosis of neurons.
FSTL1, Bax and Bcl-2 are involved in the occurrence and development of ACI and are closely related to the hemorrhagic transformation of patients. The mechanism by which FSTL1 promotes the occurrence of ACI might be related to promoting the occurrence of inflammatory responses in the brain tissue of patients or accelerating the apoptosis of neurons.
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