Notes

Salivary malondialdehyde throughout mouth submucous fibrosis - A gun with regard to oxidative harm.
Understanding the regulation of selective autophagy receptors will provide deeper insights into the pathway and open up potential therapeutic avenues.
Bruxism is a repetitive activity of the masticatory muscles that has been associated with orofacial disorders and psychosocial factors AIM The aim of this study was to investigate associations between possible awake bruxism (PAB) and family functioning, bullying, and dental caries in children 8-10years of age.

A school-based study was conducted with 739 pairs of parents/guardians and children. The parents/guardians answered the Family Adaptability and Cohesion Evaluation Scales for the establishment of family functioning. Information on bullying due to dental conditions was collected from the children. Dental caries in the children was evaluated using International Caries Detection and Assessment System criteria. A directed acyclic graph was used to define the theoretical model and select control factors. Descriptive analysis was performed, followed by multivariate logistic regression for complex samples.

Considering the parental reports, fewer years of mother's schooling, a low family income, very flexible family adaptability, and cavitated dental caries were associated with PAB. The female sex, bullying, and orofacial dysfunction were associated with self-reported PAB.

Therefore, the factors associated with PAB differ according to the reports of parents/guardians or self-reports of children. Healthcare providers should consider both reports for a more effective intervention addressing PAB.
Therefore, the factors associated with PAB differ according to the reports of parents/guardians or self-reports of children. Healthcare providers should consider both reports for a more effective intervention addressing PAB.
To assess patterns of non-communicable diseases (NCDs) and pregnancy outcomes of women in a tertiary care hospital.

This was a prospective observational study, conducted over 1year. All NCDs in women who delivered or aborted were studied. Maternal and neonatal outcomes were noted.

In all, 1003 NCDs occurred in 894 women. Chronic hypertension was the commonest, involving 309 (30.8%) women. Others included cardiovascular (159, 15.9%), neurological (142, 14.2%), endocrine (115, 11.5%), autoimmune (76, 7.6%), chronic kidney (48, 4.8%), and chronic respiratory (43, 4.3%) diseases, psychiatric disorders (38, 3.8%), cancers (20, 2.0%), and chronic liver disease (18, 1.8%). Most (599, 67.0%) were diagnosed before pregnancy and 145 (16.2%), 81 (9.1%), and 69 (7.7%) were diagnosed in the first, second, and third trimesters, respectively. Maternal deaths occurred in 6 (0.7%) women and near miss in 19 (2.1%) women. Only 9 (1.5%) women with NCD diagnosed before pregnancy had maternal near miss or death, compared with 16 (5.4%) diagnosed during pregnancy (P<0.001). Of live births, 281 (35.3%) were low birth weight, 49 (6.1%) were very low birth weight, and 24 (3.0%) were extremely low birth weight.

Chronic hypertension was the commonest NCD, which along with cardiovascular and neurological disorders constituted around 60% of all NCDs. One-third of NCDs were initially diagnosed during pregnancy. Maternal morbidity was lower if NCDs were diagnosed before pregnancy.
Chronic hypertension was the commonest NCD, which along with cardiovascular and neurological disorders constituted around 60% of all NCDs. One-third of NCDs were initially diagnosed during pregnancy. Maternal morbidity was lower if NCDs were diagnosed before pregnancy.This study explores a weekly community-based exercise program (CBEP) for ageing adults in Gippsland, Victoria, Australia. This program aims to improve the health and well-being of ageing adults and was evaluated using an exploratory qualitative study design. Four focus group discussions and two individual interviews were conducted before a thematic analysis using Braun & Clark's (2006) six-step approach. see more A total of 23 participants were involved in the study over a 6-week period. The thematic analysis resulted in two main themes (a) meeting community needs and (b) benefits to health and well-being. Five minor themes stemmed from these two themes, in which participants identified that a service gap existed within the community and the program was adaptive in its design to meet community needs. Participants reported benefits to health and well-being, specifically perceived improved mobility and independence, social connections and 'recharging the batteries to feel good'. The inclusion of Tai Chi exercises was noted for increased vitality and pain management benefits. The role of the exercise instructor was deemed to be instrumental to the success of the CBEP. The CBEP provides motivation for older adults to attend, increasing physical activity. Future CBEPs for ageing adults should provide a social component and relevant health education for participants. Exercises should be safely adapted by the exercise instructor to suit people of various abilities and to promote a more 'inclusive' environment.
Cannabis use among parents may be increasing with legalization, but perception of associated risk has declined. The study investigated the association between cannabis legalization and cannabis use among adults with children in the home over time in the United States (US).

A difference-in-difference approach was applied to public and restricted-use data from the 2004-2017 National Survey on Drug Use and Health (NSDUH), an annual cross-sectional survey.

A representative sample of the United States.

Respondents ages 18+with children living in the home drawn from the NSDUH (n=287,624), which is administered to non-institutionalized civilians in the 50 states and District of Columbia.

Exposures were year and state-level cannabis policy in state of residence annually. Outcomes were past-30-day cannabis use and daily cannabis use. Sociodemographic variables included age, gender, marital status, annual family income, race/ethnicity, educational attainment, and strength of state-level tobacco control.

In edical use is heterogeneous by age and socioeconomic status.
Among adults with children living in the home, cannabis use appears to be more common in US states with legalized cannabis use compared with states with no legal cannabis use. Recreational legalization appears to increase use among adults with children in the home broadly across nearly all sociodemographic groups, whereas the effect of legalization for medical use is heterogeneous by age and socioeconomic status.The purpose of the study was to determine if concurrent training (endurance and resistance in a single session) elicits leg muscular adaptations beyond the ones obtained by endurance training alone in sedentary individuals with metabolic syndrome (MetS). Sixty-six MetS individuals (37% women, age 56 ± 7 years, BMI 32 ± 5 kg m-2 and 3.8 ± 0.8 MetS factors) were randomized to undergo one of the following 16-week isocaloric exercise programs (i) 4 + 1 bouts of 4 min at 90% of HRMAX of intense aerobic cycling (IAC + IAC group; n = 33), (ii) 4 IAC bouts followed by 3 sets of 12 repetitions of 3 lower-limb free-weight exercises (IAC + RT group; n = 33). We measured the effects of training on maximal cycling power, leg press maximum strength (1RM), countermovement jump height (CMJ), and mean propulsive velocity (MPV) at workloads ranging from 10% to 100% of baseline 1RM leg press. After intervention, MetS components (Z-score) improved similarly in both groups (p = 0.002). Likewise, maximal cycling power during a ramp test improved similarly in both groups (time effect p less then 0.001). However, leg press 1RM improved more in IAC + RT than in IAC + IAC (47 ± 5 vs 13 ± 5 kg, respectively, interaction p less then 0.001). CMJ only improved with IAC + RT (0.8 ± 0.2 cm, p = 0.001). Leg press MPV at heavy loads (ie, 80%-100% 1RM) improved more with concurrent training (0.12 ± 0.01 vs 0.06 ± 0.02 m s-1 , interaction p = 0.013). In conclusion, in unconditioned MetS individuals, intense aerobic cycling alone improves leg muscle performance. However, substituting 20% of intense aerobic cycling by resistance training further improves 1RM leg press, MPV at high loads, and jumping ability while providing similar improvement in MetS components.Although in-vivo behavioral skills training (BST) is often effective, it may be too resource-intensive for organizations that rely on volunteers. Alternatives to in-vivo BST include video models or interactive computer training (ICT), but the utility of these procedures for training volunteers remains largely unknown. We used a randomized control trial to teach multiple skills to new volunteers at a therapeutic riding center. A total of 60 volunteers were assigned to one of three groups using block randomization. Depending on group assignment, volunteers received instructions and modeling through in-vivo interactions, a video model, or ICT. All volunteers completed in-vivo role plays with feedback. Skills were measured by unblinded observers during role plays. There were no statistically significant differences in accuracy of role-play performance between volunteers in the in-vivo BST and ICT groups, but both outperformed the video-model group. The ICT and video model required statistically significantly less time from a live instructor than did in-vivo training. Thus, although in-vivo BST remains best practice, ICT may be a viable alternative when training resources are limited.On March 11, 2020, the World Health Organization (WHO) declared the pandemic because of a novel coronavirus, called severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2). In January 2020, the first transmission to healthcare workers (HCWs) was described. SARS-CoV-2 is transmitted between people because of contact, droplets, and airborne. Airborne transmission is caused by aerosols that remain infectious when suspended in air over long distances and time. In the clinical setting, airborne transmission may occur during aerosol generating procedures like flexible bronchoscopy. To date, although the role of children in the transmission of SARS-CoV-2 is not clear the execution of bronchoscopy is associated with a considerably increased risk of SARS-CoV-2 transmission to HCWs. The aim of this overview is to summarize available recommendations and to apply them to pediatric bronchoscopy. We performed systematic literature searches using the MEDLINE (accessed via PubMed) and Scopus databases. We reviewed major recommendations and position statements published at the moment by the American Association for Bronchology and Interventional Pulmonology, WHO, European Center for Disease Prevention and Control and expert groups on the management of patients with COVID-19 to limit transmission among HCWs. To date there is a lack of recommendations for safe bronchoscopy during the pandemic period. The main indications concern adults and little has been said about children. We have summarized available recommendations and we have applied them to pediatric bronchoscopy.
Cytomegalovirus (CMV) seroconversion in pregnancy is a major health issue with potentially devastating fetal consequences. We opted to determine rates and trends of CMV seroconversion in pregnant army personnel and to isolate risk factors.

In this retrospective cohort study, all pregnancies of army personnel between 2009 and 2019 were evaluated (n=10409) and all pregnancies with CMV laboratory records were included. Seroconversion rate was calculated overall and per year. Demographic and obstetrical characteristics were compared between exposed and unexposed women. Independent predictors of seroconversion were further investigated using logistic regression models.

Cytomegalovirus serology status was available in 7665 pregnancies. Seroconversion was evident in 66 women (4.15%) among the seronegative pregnancies. Women in the seroconversion group were significantly more likely to belong to a higher social class. In the regression models, adjusted for age, place of residence, and education, higher parity (adjusted odds ratio [aOR] 2, P<0.
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