Notes

Plug-related canaliculitis: a rare or perhaps underdiagnosed condition?
The future development of new biomarker studies could be informed by those that have been studied independently for each of these conditions. For now, clinicians should be mostly attentive to clinical manifestations of IPF comorbidities, and use validated diagnostic methods for diagnosis. As research on biomarkers of most common diseases continues, it is expected that useful biomarkers are developed for these diseases and then validated for IPF populations. The reviews of this paper are available via the supplemental material section.Accumulating evidence points to Akkermansia muciniphila as a novel candidate to prevent or treat obesity-related metabolic disorders. We recently observed, in mice and in humans, that pasteurization of A. muciniphila increases its beneficial effects on metabolism. However, it is currently unknown if the observed beneficial effects on body weight and fat mass gain are due to specific changes in energy expenditure. Therefore, we investigated the effects of pasteurized A. muciniphila on whole-body energy metabolism during high-fat diet feeding by using metabolic chambers. We confirmed that daily oral administration of pasteurized A. muciniphila alleviated diet-induced obesity and decreased food energy efficiency. We found that this effect was associated with an increase in energy expenditure and spontaneous physical activity. Strikingly, we discovered that energy expenditure was enhanced independently from changes in markers of thermogenesis or beiging of the white adipose tissue. However, we found in brown and white adipose tissues that perilipin2, a factor associated with lipid droplet and known to be altered in obesity, was decreased in expression by pasteurized A. muciniphila. Finally, we observed that treatment with pasteurized A. muciniphila increased energy excretion in the feces. Interestingly, we demonstrated that this effect was not due to the modulation of intestinal lipid absorption or chylomicron synthesis but likely involved a reduction of carbohydrates absorption and enhanced intestinal epithelial turnover.In conclusion, this study further dissects the mechanisms by which pasteurized A. muciniphila reduces body weight and fat mass gain. These data also further support the impact of targeting the gut microbiota by using specific bacteria to control whole-body energy metabolism.Interventions to improve reflective functioning (RF) are being delivered to parents of children with mental health needs, yet whether this population differs in RF is unknown. We examine if mothers with varying levels of child mental health (CMH) treatment need and use differ in RF in a community sample of 212 mothers. Participants completed measures of general RF, parental RF, children's symptoms, perceived treatment need, treatment utilization, and perceptions of treatment efficacy at baseline and one year later. Low maternal RF was associated with elevated child symptoms, and a greater perceived need for treatment. Among mothers who believed their child needed services, those with low general RF were less likely to be utilizing services at baseline and in the next year. Mothers with lower parental RF also believed that CMH treatment was less effective. Findings support the use of RF-based interventions with parents identified because of their child's mental health.Nutrition during pregnancy plays an important role in maternal-neonatal health. However, the impact of specific dietary components during pregnancy on maternal gut microbiota and the potential effects on neonatal microbiota and infant health outcomes in the short term are still limited. A total of 86 mother-neonate pairs were enrolled in this study. Gut microbiota profiling on maternal-neonatal stool samples at birth was carried out by 16S rRNA gene sequencing using Illumina. Maternal dietary information and maternal-neonatal clinical and anthropometric data were recorded during the first 18 months. Longitudinal Body Mass Index (BMI) and Weight-For-Length (WFL) z-score trajectories using the World Health Organization (WHO) curves were obtained. The maternal microbiota was grouped into two distinct microbial clusters characterized by Prevotella (Cluster I) and by the Ruminococcus genus (Cluster II). Higher intakes of total dietary fiber, omega-3 fatty acids, and polyphenols were observed in Cluster II compared; DPA Docosapentaenoic Acid; SCFA Short Chain Fatty Acids; MD Mediterranean Diet; FFQ Food Frequency Questionnaire; CHI Calinski Harabasz Index.INTRODUCTION In a gastric cancer (GC) setting, phase II and III studies refer to an ideal patient population and only describe a specific category of patients. Older patients or those in poorer clinical condition are generally excluded from clinical trials. We aimed to evaluate therapeutic approaches to GC in a real-world setting at our institute (Istituto Scientifico Romagnolo per lo Studio e la Cura dei Tumori [IRST] IRCCS) over a 10-year period. METHODS A total of 621 consecutive patients with GC diagnosed between January 2000 and December 2009 were considered retrospectively. Among these, 573 with available information on stage of disease were included in the analysis. Demographic and clinical data were collected from paper or electronic medical records. RESULTS During the study period, 343 (59.8%) patients were diagnosed with GC stage 0 to IIIC (M0) of these, 118 patients had a relapse of disease. A total of 230 patients (40.2%) presented with metastatic disease at diagnosis. Older age was associated with less frequent administration of adjuvant chemotherapy (odds ratio [OR], 0.87; 95% confidence interval [CI], 0.83-0.91); interaction between age and period (OR, 1.02; 95% CI, 1.01-1.03) and stage of disease at diagnosis (OR, 7.95; 95% CI, 3.71-17.1) were positively associated with administration of adjuvant chemotherapy. Older age (OR, 0.87; 95% CI, 0.84-0.90) and presence of comorbidity (OR, 0.46; 95% CI, 0.26-0.83) were associated with less frequent administration of palliative chemotherapy, whereas from 2000-2004 to 2005-2009, patients were more frequently treated with palliative chemotherapy overall (OR, 3.70; 95% CI, 2.01-6.81). CONCLUSIONS Our results confirm that resection is the standard surgical approach to GC, and that chemotherapy is not widely used in adjuvant and metastatic settings. Older age and comorbidities are associated with nontreatment.This study examines technology adoption among oldest-old cohorts (80+) in private homes and long-term care facilities and analyzes relationships between individual characteristics, the living environment, and different kinds of assistive technologies (AT) and information and communication technologies (ICT). The data analysis is based on a representative survey of the oldest-old group's quality of life and well-being in North Rhine-Westphalia, Germany (N = 1,863; age range 80-103; 12.7% long-term care). Descriptive and multiple binary logistic regression analyses were conducted. Fewer than 3% of people in long-term care used internet-connected ICT devices. AT and ICT device adoption is associated with the living environment and individual characteristics (e.g., functional health, chronological age, education, and technology interest), and different patterns of ICT and AT use can be observed. These results indicate that individual characteristics and the living environment are both decisive in the use of technology among the oldest-old group.INTRODUCTION Non-communicable diseases (NCDs) have become a significant cause of morbidity and mortality in Oman. The adoption of unhealthy and sedentary lifestyles associated with rising income is trending with a large number of individuals and is contributing to the emergence of substantial health issues. Ultimately, the incidence of NCDs has increased considerably. This review aims to define strategies that can help in attaining Oman's national health promotion goals. RESULTS The current health promotion strategies have not been adequate or sufficient to meet the national Health Vision 2050 of Oman. CONCLUSION Unsafe behaviors and unhealthy lifestyles that led to a significant increase in NCDs have emerged in Oman. Careful re-planning and continuous monitoring and evaluation of health promotion activities are necessary for effective implementation of health policies, with the ultimate goal of reducing the NCD burden in Oman.BACKGROUND Preoperative computed tomography (CT)-guided coil localization can increase the technical success of video-assisted thoracoscopic surgery (VATS)-guided diagnostic wedge resection of lung nodules relative to cases treated without localization. When multiple lung nodules (MLNs) are to be resected, preoperative localization for each lung nodule is required. The aim of this study was to explore the feasibility, safety, and clinical efficacy of preoperative CT-guided coil localization of MLNs. METHODS Between November 2015 and July 2019, 31 patients with MLNs were assessed via CT-guided coil localization followed by VATS-guided wedge resection. Rates of technical success for both the localization and wedge resection procedures, as well as data pertaining to patient complication rates and long-term outcomes were recorded and assessed. MMAF RESULTS In total, 68 nodules (average of 2.2 nodules/patient) were localized and resected using this approach. Nodules were unilateral and bilateral in 23 and 8 patients, respectively. The rate of CT-guided coil localization technical success for these nodules was 98.5% (67/68), with a technical success rate of single-stage coil localization on a per-patient basis of 96.8% (30/31). Following localization, asymptomatic pneumothorax occurred in four patients (12.9%). The wedge resection technical success rate was 100%. Mean VATS operative time was 167.3 ± 75.2 min, with a mean blood loss of 92.6 ± 61.5 ml. Patients were followed between 3 and 46 months (median 24 months), with no evidence of new nodules, distant metastases, or postoperative complications in any patients. CONCLUSION Preoperative CT-guided multiple coil localization can be easily and safely used to guide single-stage VATS diagnostic wedge resection in patients with MLNs. The reviews of this paper are available via the supplemental material section.A historical overview and evolution of Leininger's ethnonursing research method (ERM) is presented along with descriptions of the method's purpose, goal, terminology, and enablers. A succinct guide to using ERM is provided to assist novice and seasoned researchers, as well as mentors and educators, in teaching, mentoring, advising, and/or conducting ethnonursing research studies. Criteria for evaluation of qualitative research studies, such as the ERM, are highlighted.Introduction Although Muslims constitute nearly one fourth of the global population, many non-Muslims are not familiar with Islam. To address this unique need from such a specific cultural context, the present study aimed to examine the spiritual needs and influencing factors of Indonesian Muslims with cancer. Method A cross-sectional research design with 122 cancer patients was conducted by using the Bahasa-version Spiritual Needs Questionnaire. Results The degree of spiritual needs was generally high. Religious needs were the strongest aspect, and "praying five times a day" was the highest scoring item. Gender (p = .04), age (p = .01), and duration of being diagnosed with cancer (p = .01) were associated with spiritual needs. Female gender (p = .005) and older age (p less then .001) were predictors of spiritual needs. Discussion As expected to provide cultural-congruent spiritual interventions, nurses could meet Muslim patients' need to pray five times a day during hospitalization, thus help them manage and endure the illness.
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