Notes

Assessment in the Efficacy, Tolerability along with Complication User profile of Vildagliptin-Metformin with Metformin-GlibenclamideMamong Nigerian.
[This corrects the article DOI 10.1016/j.heliyon.2020.e05535.].Estimating nitrogen (N) concentration in situ is fundamental for managing the fertilization of the sugarcane crop. The purpose of this work was to develop estimation models that explain how N varies over time as a function of three spectral data transformations in two stages (plant cane and first ratoon) under variable rates of N application. A randomized complete-block experimental design was applied, with four levels of N fertilization 0, 80, 160, and 240 kg N ha-1. Six sampling events were carried out during the rapid growth stage, where the canopy reflectance spectra with a hyperspectral sensor were measured, and tissue samples for N determination in plant cane and first ratoon were taken, from 60 days after emergence (DAE) and 60 days after harvest (DAH), respectively, until days 210 DAE and 210 DAH. To build the models, partial least squares regression analysis was used and was trained by three transformations of the spectral data (i) average reflectance spectrum (R), (ii) multiple scatter correction and Savitzky-Golay filter MSC-SG) reflectance spectrum, and (iii) calculated vegetation indices (VIs).Iron ore froth flotation has recently been used to obtain pure minerals due to the depletion of high-grade deposits. Amine collectors have often been used in cationic reverse iron ore flotation to achieve the separation with quartz impurities. The main problem associated with these collectors is related to the control of frothing properties and the high cost of amine reagents. In this paper, we report the benefits of partial replacement of amine collectors with a frother in reverse cationic flotation of hematite. Surface tension and batch flotation experimental results indicated for the first time that replacing Flotigam EDA, an etheramine collector by more than 10% improved the flotation performance in both grade and recovery of hematite. It was also noted mild hematite entrainments for lower frother dosages whilst reagents cost estimation indicated profitability per ton of iron recovered. At higher frother dosage however, higher quartz recoveries were observed as a result of entrainment which led to satisfactory results in terms of iron grade in the sink, but results showed higher costs of reagents than when collector was used alone. From observed results, it was concluded that partially replacing amine collector by a frother does improve the performance of the flotation globally regardless of pronounced entrainment that was mainly due the mineralogy of the ore with notable amounts of locked particles in the lower sizes. Finally, it would be useful to investigate these findings with alternative reagents and on minerals with different mineralogical properties.Pongamia pinnata (L.) seed oil is effective for its insecticidal and larvicidal activities. However, its low aqueous solubility, high photosensitivity, and high volatility restrict its application for the control of agricultural pests. Encapsulation can be an effective technique to overcome such hindrances. Therefore, P. pinnata oil (PO) was extracted from its seeds and analyzed for karanjin content (3.18%) by GC-MS/MS as the marker compound. Micro-encapsulation (MC) of PO was prepared by interfacial polymerization between isocyanates and polyamine and tested for insecticidal and larvicidal activities. Bioassay of the developed formulations was tested in-vitro against 2nd instar larvae of Bombyx mori (Bivoltine hybrid) and in-vivo insecticidal bio-efficacy was tested against aubergine aphid (Aphis gossypii G.) and whitefly (Bemisia tabaci G.). Various properties of micro-capsules viz., stability, size, oil content and release kinetics were examined. Average diameter of capsules (1 μm) with Zeta potential (-16 mV) was indicated by the Dynamic Light Scattering (DLS) instrument. Existence of PO in the microcapsules was confirmed by an optical microscopic study. Spectroscopic analysis revealed 87.4% of PO was encapsulated in polyurea shell. The shelf-life (T 10 ), half-life (T 50 ), and expiry-life (T 90 ) of polyurea coated capsules were 11.4, 75.3 and 250.0 h, respectively. Polyurea coated PO capsule formulation showed evidence of in-vitro toxicity against 2nd instar larvae of B. read more mori (LC 50 = 1.1%; LC 90 = 5.9%). The PO formulation also exhibited 67.0-71.8% and 62.4-74.8% control of aphid and whitefly population in aubergine at 4.0% dose following 7-14 days after application. The study unveiled its significance in developing controlled release herbal formulations of P. pinnata as an alternative to harmful conventional synthetic insecticides for crop protection.Stability indicating assay describes a technique which is used to analyse the stability of drug substance or active pharmaceutical ingredient (API) in bulk drug and pharmaceutical products. Stability indicating assay must be properly validated as per ICH guidelines. The important components in a stability indicating assay include sensitivity, specificity, accuracy, reliability, reproducibility and robustness. A validated assay is able to measure the concentration changes of drug substance/API with time and make reliable estimation of the quantity of the degradation impurities. The drug substance is separated and resolved from the impurities. Pros and cons of HPLC, GC, HPTLC, CE and SFC were discussed and reviewed. Stability indicating assay may consist of the combination of chromatographic separation and spectroscopic detection techniques. Hyphenated system could demonstrate parallel quantitative and qualitative analysis of drug substances and impurities. Examples are HPLC-DAD, HPLC-FL, GC-MS, LC-MS and LC-NMR. The analytes in the samples are separated in the chromatography while the impurities are chemically characterised by the spectroscopy in the system. In this review, various chromatographic methods which had been employed as stability indicating assays for drug substance and pharmaceutical formulation were systematically reviewed, and the application of hyphenated techniques in impurities characterisation and identification were also discussed with supporting literatures.This paper assesses the technical performance of Brazilian banks while accounting for risk, which is considered as an undesirable outcome of banking. To this end, frontier techniques based on Data Envelopment Analysis and directional distance functions are applied to a sample of 124 banks and data for the six-year period 2014-19. Our main finding is that the Brazilian banking industry could notably increase its production of conventional outputs without additional input usage and while maintaining the same levels of risk. Besides, investment banks are found to be more efficient than commercial banks mainly because of their superior managerial performance.[This corrects the article DOI 10.1016/j.heliyon.2020.e05567.].The field of behavioral finance lacks a homogeneous and structured theoretical framework. The purpose of this paper is to contribute to further systematization in the field by analyzing the impacts of education, gender and age on investor behavior and sentiment. The study is based on online anonymous surveys given to 106 professional investors active in the Spanish market during February 2017. The survey includes control questions, seven questions regarding investors' sentiment to elaborate a confidence index and twenty questions concerning the practitioner's view of behavioral finance. We first identify a gap between the relevance of behavioral finance and the lack of education in the field. We also find a clear misalignment between the investors and their clients' profiles related to their level of confidence. In that regard, the use of the institutional investor confidence index mitigates self-perception bias and is a key element in determining investors' real profiles. Consistent with prior research, we find that female investors view themselves as more driven by rational analysis and are more risk averse while younger investors are more influenced by cognitive and emotional biases. As a key contribution, we establish a model to determine investors' sentiment, which shows that female and more experienced practitioners exhibit higher levels of optimism and confidence.This article explores the critical factors of consumption in Mexico, Ecuador, and Colombia, due to confinement and social distancing. Besides, which are the factors that influence the purchase decision. In the proposed model, we tested from quantitative research with a sample of 2,065 online consumers. We analyzed the following statistics CFA, structural equations, invariance of measurement instruments, and multi-group analysis with the Smart Pls 3 and EQS 6.3 software. The study reveals that time, space, and place in the consumption process is more visible in the purchasing behavior with social distancing, healthy distance, and the commercial restriction caused by the health contingency. In addition to being a health and humanitarian crisis, the pandemic has severe economic consequences worldwide as 1) the increase in unemployment rates, 2) collapsed health systems, 3) education models overwhelmed by technology, 4) supply chains interrupted by the closure of borders, 5) international and domestic tourism suspended due to a lack of sanitary protocols,6) social coexistence curtailed by significantly increased infections and 7) a decreasing demand by consumers for the closure of companies. Despite being Latin American countries, cultural differences were not the priority of consumption in the crisis period due to Covid-19. They significantly change purchasing behaviors, and all have adapted to online and home delivery purchases by the social factor, local consumption, and consumers' attitude. The article presents several considerations on the main factors of consumption in Covid-19 in collectivist countries (North American and South America) such as Mexico, Colombia, and Ecuador and finds no substantial differences with consumers. There are practical implications for companies to adopt online channels and to create sales strategies in the face of the endemic pandemic.The present study aimed to investigate the contamination source, level, and spatial distribution of globally alarming trace metals from Awetu watershed streams, southwestern Ethiopia. Surface water samples were collected from 20 sampling sites in December 2019. Water samples were collected in 500 ml polyethylene bottles previously washed with deionized water and rinsed with the sample to be collected from different stretches and acidified with 5 ml concentrated nitric acid. The samples were digested with open acid digestion and the contents of the metal were analysed using inductively coupled plasma optical emission spectrometry (ICP-OES) ranged from 18 - 351 μg/L for As, 5-19 μg/L for Cd, 232-421 μg/L for Cr, 314-920 μg/L for Pb and 10-16 μg/L for Hg. The highest concentrations of As were detected at K3, Cd at K2, Pb and Cr at D4, and Hg at D5. Analysis of variance results revealed that the Cd concentrations were statistically significant among all the streams except for Boye. Streams found at the center of Jimma city with effluents emanated from Jimma University, garage maintenances, car-wash and agricultural areas had higher values than the streams in the periphery. This study concluded that a higher concentration of trace elements is associated with the type of waste entering the streams. Trace elements concentration in the watershed is to the level that can pose a risk to downstream users. Public awareness creation to establish waste management systems and river quality monitoring should be implemented to minimize the public health risk and deterioration of the aquatic ecosystem.
My Website: https://www.selleckchem.com/products/pri-724.html