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Intellectual control procedures within conduct treatments regarding youngsters using Tourette's problem.
Objective To observe and compare the radiographs of spiral CT and cone-beam CT (CBCT) in the imaging of temporomandibular joint osteoarthrosis (TMJOA) and to explore the difference between CBCT and spiral CT in detection accuracy so as to provide references for clinical diagnosis and treatment. Methods A total of 52 patients with TMJOA diagnosed in the Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, General Hospital of Chinese PLA, from January 2018 to December 2019 were selected. There were 10 males and 42 females, with an average age of 38.6 years (21-70 years). All patients underwent spiral CT and CBCT examinations. Two oral radiologists and two oral and maxillofacial surgeons measured and evaluated the joint spaces and condylar bone lesions of each side of temporomandibular joint. According to the presence or absence of osteoarthrosis, the patients were divided into osteoarthrosis group (92 sides) and non osteoarthrosis group (12 sides). The mean size of joint spaces and the detection rate of lesions were cly. The detection rates of defects by CBCT were surface erosion (88.5%, 92/104), articular surface flattening and shortening (86.5%, 90/104), subcortical sclerosis (35.6%, 37/104), osteophyte (41.3%, 43/104) and subcortical cyst (11.5%, 12/104). There was no statistical difference between the two groups (P>0.05), respectively. Conclusions Both spiral CT and CBCT showed good accuracies in displaying the osteopathy of TMJOA and the sizes of the joint spaces measured by spiral CT and CBCT were basically the same. Both spiral CT and CBCT could be used as a routine diagnostic method for TMJOA.The plasmatrix has good biological activity, it derives from patients' themselves tissues and has no adverse reactions, thus it has been widely used in tissue regeneration. Poly(vinyl alcohol) concentration With the development of biomedicine and material science, plasmatrix have gone through different stages of development, their preparation methods, product characteristics and biology have all changed. This article summarizes past research and systematically introduces the development process, theoretical basis and product characteristics of plasmatrix, so as to provide guidance for their application in the process of tissue regeneration.Regarding the relationship between malocclusions and temporomandibular disorders (TMD), from the leading cause to one of the local biological factors, the change in the understanding of the academic community since the 1980s has affected the clinical diagnosis, treatment behavior, and the direction of scientific research. At present, it is believed that the etiology of TMD is multifactor. The occlusal factors and the occurrence of TMD are weakly related, but there are some common malocclusions such as occlusal interference on non-working side, excessive sliding between maximum intercuspid position (MIP) and retruded contact position (RCP), unstable MIP and so on, may be risk factors that promote the disease. The occurrence of TMD symptoms is promoted under the combined action of behavior, biology, environment, social cognition, mentality and other comprehensive factors. In student education and clinical work, the risk of iatrogenic occlusal trauma in promoting the occurrence of TMD cannot be ignored. The impact of the patient's social and psychological environment on the TMD should be paid attention, and comprehensive treatment strategies is advocated.This article discussed, in the following three aspeccts, the standing of occlusion, gnathology and temporomandibular joint (TMJ) in stomatology. And meanwhile highlighted the important meanings for every stomatologists. Firstly, from the history of dentistry or stomatology, the establishment of occlusion and gnathology drived the transformation of dentistry from a craft practice into an independent profession and discipline. Secondly, from the evolution of occlusion, jaw, and TMJ, this article clarified the distinctiveness and uniqueness of occlusion, jaw and TMJ that made modern human beings the most highly endowed. Thirdly, teeth and other oral organs not only have masticatory and digestive functions but also possess more complex social functions. Stomatognathic system is a more accurate conception than oral organs which is usually called. The conception of stomatognathic system gives a clearer sense of wholeness and more beneficial for accurate diagnosis and treatment of occlusion-related diseases as well as temporomandibular disorders. Finally, the author introduced five common examples regarding medical care and patient-doctor relationships in order to further emphasize the significance of the study of occlusion, gnathology and TMJ. It is necessary for not only general stomatoloaists but also other dental specialists in stomatology to clearly understand the principal theories and proficiently master the management capability on occlusion, gnathology and temporomandibular disorders.Objective To evaluate the cost-effectiveness of government fully-funded quadrivalent influenza vaccination (QIV) program for older adults aged 60 and above in mainland China. Methods Based on decision tree model in the previous research on the cost-effectiveness analysis of TIV immunization, we extended the structure of model and updated the key parameters such as influenza patients' healthcare seeking behavior, vaccine cost, vaccine coverage and vaccine efficacy/effectiveness to estimate influenza-associated outpatient consultations, hospitalizations, respiratory disease excess mortality and quality-adjusted life years (QALY) between the QIV and no vaccination or TIV program. And incremental cost and incremental cost-effectiveness ratio (ICER) were evaluated between the QIV and no vaccination or TIV program from the societal perspective. The time frame of the study is one year. All costs were adjusted to 2019 using the consumer price index. Results Comparing the fully-funded QIV and no vaccination or TIV for cost between QIV and no vaccination or TIV should no more than 113.41 or 6.83 yuan when the two comparators' scenarios above are all cost effective. Conclusion Under the condition of current vaccine effectiveness and vaccine cost, comparing fully-funded QIV with no or TIV vaccination program is not cost effective for people aged 60 years or older.Objective To investigate the value of serum cystatin C for the evaluation of renal function damage in patients with proliferative diabetic retinopathy (PDR). Methods The clinical data of PDR patients treated in ophthalmic wards of Beijing Tongren Hospital from July 2019 to January 2021 were retrospectively analyzed. The estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) was calculated by the abbreviated Modification of Diet in Renal Disease (MDRD) study equation. Based on the eGFR level, the patients were divided into no obvious renal function damage group [≥ 60 ml·min⁻¹·(1.73 m2)⁻1] and renal inadequacy group [0.05). The systolic blood pressure, blood urea nitrogen, creatinine, uric acid, triglyceride, cholesterol and cystatin C were higher in the renal inadequacy group than those of no obvious renal function damage group (all P less then 0.05). However, the glycosylated hemoglobin, albumin and high-density lipoprotein were lower in the renal inadequacy group (all P less then 0.05). Multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that serum creatinine (OR=1.189, 95%CI 1.101-1.284, P less then 0.001) and cystatin C (OR=3.175, 95%CI 1.272-7.923, P=0.013) were independent risk factors for renal inadequacy in PDR patients. The ROC curve showed that cystatin C had a predictive value for renal inadequacy, with an area under the curve (AUC) of 0.966 (95%CI 0.952-0.979). Meanwhile, the cutoff value was 1.315 mg/L, and the Youden index was 0.826, with the sensitivity of 94.3% and specificity of 88.4%. Conclusion Serum cystatin C can be used as an important laboratory indicator to evaluate the renal impairment in PDR patients.Objective To investigate the relationship between urinary sodium excretion and fluid overload (FO) in non-dialysis patients with chronic kidney disease (CKD). Methods Patients with CKD stage 1-4 who underwent bioelectrical impedance (BIA) in the Department of Nephrology, Jiangsu Province Hospital from December 2019 to January 2021 were recruited. All enrolled patients were categorized into two groups according to whether or not they develop FO. Further, clinical parameters were compared between the two groups. Spearman correlation analysis was used to investigate the association between over hydration/extracellular water (OH/ECW) and clinical characteristics. Multivariate logistic regression analysis was performed to evaluate the relationship between urinary sodium excretion and FO (FO was defined as OH/ECW≥7%). Results A total of 385 patients with CKD stage 1-4 were finally included in the study, with a mean age of (46±15) years. There were 216 male cases (56.1%), and 150 cases (39.0%) existed FO. Spearman correlation analysis indicated that OH/ECW positively correlated with urinary sodium excretion (r=0.147, P=0.004), urinary protein excretion (r=0.555, P less then 0.001) and systolic blood pressure (r=0.241, P less then 0.001), but inversely related to estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) (r=-0.111, P=0.030) and serum albumin (r=-0.659, P less then 0.001). After adjusting for confounding factors including age, systolic blood pressure, diabetes, urinary protein excretion, serum albumin, serum sodium, serum chlorine, urinary calcium excretion, urinary phosphorus excretion and use of diuretics, multivariate logistic regression analysis demonstrated that higher level of urinary sodium excretion was associated with increased risk of FO in patients with CKD (OR=1.005, 95%CI 1.000-1.011, P=0.048). Conclusion High urinary sodium excretion is independently associated with fluid FO in non-dialysis patients with CKD.Objective To analyze the effect of triple-induction regimen including all-trans retinoic acid(ATRA), arsenic trioxide(ATO) plus anthracyclines and double-induction regimen including ATRA and ATO for adults with non-high-risk acute promyelocytic leukemia(APL). Methods The clinical data of adult patients with non-high-risk APL who were first diagnosed and admitted to the Henan Provincial People's Hospital from January 2009 to December 2019 were retrospectively analyzed. All patients were divided into triple-induction group and double-induction group according to the treatment. The general data of patients, blood routine, coagulation function changes and blood transfusions during the induction period were collected, and the complete remission rate, early mortality and prognosis of two groups were analyzed. Results A total of 164 patients were enrolled, including 86 males and 78 females, and the M(Q1,Q3) of their age was 41(18, 70) years. Among them, 75 were in triple-induction group and 89 in double-induction group. The white blood cell(WBC) counts of triple-induction group on day 7th and 14th after induction were (9.49±6.10)×109/L and (5.43±3.97)×109/L, while those in double-induction group were (15.17±17.06)×109/L and (13.37±12.59)×109/L, the differences were statistically significant (both P0.05). There were no statistically significant differences in the early complete remission rate, genetic remission rate, molecular remission rate, relapse rate, overall survival (OS) rate and disease-free survival (DFS) rate between the two groups. Conclusion For adults with non-high-risk APL, the triple-induction therapy can reduce the counts and peaks of WBC, and reduce the incidence of induced differentiation syndrome.
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