Notes

Fresh species along with records associated with Diaporthe coming from Jiangxi State, Tiongkok.
49; 95% CI 0.30-0.81; aOR=0.51; 95% CI 0.31-0.84). However, no significant association was found for female adults who engaged in light use of cannabis (aOR=0.98; 95% CI 0.55-1.75; aOR=1.01; 95% CI 0.57-1.79). Among male adults, cannabis use, irrespective of the degree of exposure, was not significantly associated with diabetes mellitus (heavy users aOR=0.89; 95% CI=0.56-1.41; light users aOR=0.53; 95% CI=0.22-1.29). Conclusions Heavy cannabis use is inversely associated with diabetes mellitus in females but not males. Further studies are needed to explore the sex-based heterogeneity-and individual and contextual factors responsible-in the association between cannabis use and diabetes mellitus.Background Currently treatment for prosopagnosia is limited. Methods We report the reversal of acquired associative-type prosopagnosia (AAP) using quantitative electroencephalography (qEEG)-guided transcranial laser therapy (qGLT) in a subject with temporal lobe epilepsy (TLE) and mild cognitive impairment (MCI). Results Objective and subjective measures of improvement in AAP, TLE, and MCI are presented. Additional improvement, measured through qEEG, was found 1-month post-treatment. Conclusions There was no recurrence of AAP for 1 year. We conclude that further research into the utility of qGLT in the treatment of AAP is warranted.Purpose The prevalence of posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) and other psychiatric disorders is high among military veterans and even higher among transgender veterans. Prior prevalence estimates have become outdated, and novel methods of estimation have since been developed but not used to estimate PTSD prevalence among transgender veterans. This study provides updated estimates of PTSD prevalence among transgender and cisgender veterans. Methods We examined Veterans Health Administration (VHA) medical record data from October 1, 1999 to April 1, 2021 for 9995 transgender veterans and 29,985 cisgender veteran comparisons (13). We matched on age group at first VHA health care visit, sex assigned at birth, and year of first VHA visit. We employed both probabilistic and rule-based algorithms to estimate the prevalence of PTSD for transgender and cisgender veterans. Results The prevalence of PTSD was 1.5-1.8 times higher among transgender veterans. Descriptive data suggest that the prevalence of depression, schizophrenia, bipolar disorder, alcohol and non-alcohol substance use disorders, current/former smoking status, and military sexual trauma was also elevated among transgender veterans. Conclusion The PTSD and overall psychiatric burden observed among transgender veterans was significantly higher than that of their cisgender peers, especially among recent users of VHA care. These PTSD findings are consistent with prior literature and minority stress theory, and they were robust across probabilistic and two rule-based methods employed in this study. As such, enhanced and careful screening, outreach, and evidence-based practices are recommended to help reduce this disparity among transgender veterans.Gene drive is an experimental technique that may make it possible to alter the genetic traits of whole populations of a species through the genetic modification of a relatively small number of individuals. This technology is sufficiently new that literature on the understanding and views of stakeholders and the public regarding the use of gene drive organisms in agricultural pest management is just beginning to emerge. Our team conducted a 2-pronged engagement process with Texas gene drive agricultural stakeholders to ascertain their values, beliefs, and preferences about the efficacy, safety, and risk management considerations of gene drive technology as a potential tool for agricultural pest management. We found that a majority of stakeholders support gene drive research and its potential use for managing agricultural pests. Our work with stakeholders confirms both their willingness to be engaged and the importance they place on stakeholder and public engagement regarding these issues, as well as the need to address these issues before use of gene drive as a pest management mechanism will be accepted and trusted.Employing feature vectors extracted from the target detector has been shown to be effective in improving the performance of image captioning. However, it is considered that existing framework suffers from the deficiency of insufficient information extraction, such as positional relationships; it is very important to judge the relationship between objects. To fill this gap, we present a dual position relationship transformer (DPR) for image captioning; the architecture improves the image information extraction and description coding steps it first calculates the relative position (RP) and absolute position (AP) between objects, and integrates the dual position relationship information into self-attention. Specifically, convolutional neural network (CNN) and faster R-CNN are applied to extract image features and target detection, then to calculate the RP and AP of the generated object boxes. The former is expressed in coordinate form, and the latter is calculated by sinusoidal encoding. In addition, to better model the sequence and time relationship in the description, DPR adopts long short-term memory to encode text vector. We conduct extensive experiments on the Microsoft COCO Common Objects in Context (MSCOCO) image captioning data set that shows that our method achieves superior performance that Consensus-based Image Description Evaluation (CIDEr) increased to 114.6 after training 30 epochs and runs 2 times faster, compared with other competitive methods. The ablation study verifies the effectiveness of our proposed module.A large variety of long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs) have been discovered through high-throughput sequencing technology and some have been demonstrated to play important roles in lipid metabolism regulation. In our study, we found a highly expressed lncRNA (lnc-LLMA, liver lipid metabolism-associated lncRNA) in the liver of Duroc pigs, which was enriched in the nucleus. It displays potent tissue specificity among different pig breeds. Overexpression of lnc-LLMA can cause a decline in intracellular triglyceride (TG) levels and increases in ATP and mitochondrial DNA levels in pig primary hepatocytes and HepG2 cells. In addition, the expression levels of MTTP, APOB, CPT1α, and other genes were increased by overexpression of lnc-LLMA. It downregulated expression of G6Pase and SREBP1 genes. Chromatin isolation by RNA purification (ChRIP) experiments demonstrated that microsomal triglyceride transfer protein (MTTP) and glycogen synthase 2 (GYS2) were the potential interacting proteins of lnc-LLMA. The overexpression of the GYS2 gene rescued the decreasing intracellular TG levels caused by the increase of lnc-LLMA. Similarly, overexpression of MTTP was also able to save the lnc-LLMA-induced decrease in intracellular TG. Our study demonstrated that this novel lncRNA was closely related to lipid metabolism and affected lipid transport and mitochondrial function through MTTP and GYS2. Our results provided a new direction for further studying the effect of lncRNA on lipid metabolism regulation.Background/Introduction The shelter-in-place orders and social distancing regulations on account of the COVID-19 pandemic have impacted lifestyles, including the use of cannabis. The purpose of this scoping review is to summarize both the gray and academic literature on the use of cannabis during the pandemic. Materials and Methods A total of 11 databases, including 2 medical databases, 7 social science databases, and 2 gray literature databases were searched resulting in 316 titles and abstracts of which 76 met inclusion criteria. Results Nine themes emerged (a) prevalence and trends of cannabis use during COVID[1]19; (b) demographics; (c) profile of mode of consumption; (d) context of using cannabis (i.e., solitary use vs. in groups); (e) factors contributing to use; (f) factors inhibiting use; (g) adverse clinical and psychiatric outcomes of cannabis use during the pandemic; (h) similarities between EVALI (E-Cigarette or Vaping Product Use-Associated Lung Injury) and COVID-19 symptoms; (i) implications for policy and practice. Studies published until February 2, 2021 were included in this review. Discussion Findings have highlighted that feelings of boredom, depression, and anxiety during the pandemic have contributed to an increase in the use of cannabis. Furthermore, accessibility to cannabis was noted to affect use during the pandemic. Adverse psychiatric and clinical outcomes were associated with the increased use of cannabis. Conclusion Practitioners and policymakers are called to employ harm reduction strategies to respond to increasing cannabis use. There is a need for population-based studies and further examination of factors contributing to the increased use of cannabis during the pandemic and associated negative consequences.Viruses constitute a significant part of the human microbiome, so wherever humans go, viruses are brought with them, even on space missions. In this mini review, we focus on the International Space Station (ISS) as the only current human habitat in space that has a diverse range of viral genera that infect microorganisms from bacteria to eukaryotes. Thus, we have reviewed the literature on the physical conditions of space habitats that have an impact on both virus transmissibility and interaction with their host, which include UV radiation, ionizing radiation, humidity, and microgravity. Also, we briefly comment on the practices used on space missions that reduce virus spread, that is, use of antimicrobial surfaces, spacecraft sterilization practices, and air filtration. Finally, we turn our attention to the health threats that viruses pose to space travel. Overall, even though efforts are taken to ensure safe conditions during human space travel, for example, preflight quarantines of astronauts, we reflect on the potential risks humans might be exposed to and how those risks might be aggravated in extraterrestrial habitats.Background Research remains inconclusive regarding the impact of specialist pediatric palliative care (SPPC) on health care utilization and cost. Objective To better understand and quantify the impact of regional SPPC services on children's health care utilization and cost near end of life. Design A retrospective cohort study used administrative databases to compare outcomes for child decedents (age 31 days to 19 years) from two similar regions in Ontario, Canada between 2010 and 2014, wherein one region had SPPC services (SPPC+) and the other did not (SPPC-). Measurements Administrative databases provided demographics, health care utilization (days), and costs Canadian dollars) across settings in the last year of life, and location of death. Multivariable analyses produced relative rates (RRs) of health care days (acute and home care), intensive care unit (ICU) days, and health care costs (inpatient, outpatient, home, and physician) as well as the odds ratio (OR) of in-hospital death. Counterfactual analysis quantified the differences in utilization and costs. Results A total of 807 children were included. On multivariable analysis, residence in the SPPC+ region (n = 363) was associated with fewer mean health care days (RR = 0.73; 95% confidence interval [CI] 0.59-0.90); fewer mean ICU days (RR = 0.64; 95% CI 0.44-0.94); lower mean health care costs (RR = 0.71; 95% CI 0.56-0.91); and lower likelihood of in-hospital death (OR = 0.67; 95% CI 0.49-0.92). The counterfactual analysis estimated mean reductions of 16.2 days (95% CI 14.4-18.0) and $24,940 (95% CI $21,703-$28,177) per child in the SPPC+ region. Conclusions Although not a causal study, these results support an association between regional SPPC services and decreased health care utilization, intensity, and cost for children near end of life.
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