Notes

Whole-exome sequencing of alpha-fetoprotein producing gastric carcinoma reveals genomic report as well as therapeutic objectives.
In tumor tissues, it was expressed in intracellular vesicles.The co-localization of PRL and PRLR was demonstrated in normal and tumor tissues suggesting that PRL could be acting in an autocrine and paracrine manner.

PRL and its receptor were present in the cytoplasm of the epithelial cells of the normal and tumor prostate gland. In tumor tissues, the change in the location and appearance of cryptic PRLRs that store PRL may keep active the different signaling pathways related to cell proliferation and survival.
PRL and its receptor were present in the cytoplasm of the epithelial cells of the normal and tumor prostate gland. In tumor tissues, the change in the location and appearance of cryptic PRLRs that store PRL may keep active the different signaling pathways related to cell proliferation and survival.
To evaluate the quality of the contrast images obtained with a Primovist® (gadoxetate disodium) Magnetic Resonance Image in order to diagnose benign, malignant and malformations in the urinary tract.

A retrospective image and diagnosis review of Primovist® MRI studies performed in liver insufficient patients without apparent renal abnormalities was done, in order to evaluate the urinary tract for irregularities.

A total of 117 Primovist® MRI studies performed between july 2014 and November 2018 were reviewed, 5 were excluded because they were incomplete. The average age was 59.6 ± 16.6 years old. selleck The following diagnosis were encountered 36 simple cysts, 6 perirenal fibrosis after pyelonephritis, 1 renal cancer, 1 renal atrophy, 1 proximal uretheric flexure, 1 bilateral hydronephrosis due to lower urinary obstruction because of benign prostatic hyperplasia and 1 complex cyst. No MRI study was indicated with suspicions of renal abnormalities. Relevant images are included that demonstrate the capability of Primovist® MRI to diagnose renal abnormalities.

Even though none of the Primovist® MRI studies was done with suspicious of renal abnormalities it was possible to diagnose incidental benign, malignant and malformations of the urinary tract. This study shows how Primovist® MRI can be useful contrast study for urinary tract irregularities.
Even though none of the Primovist® MRI studies was done with suspicious of renal abnormalities it was possible to diagnose incidental benign, malignant and malformations of the urinary tract. This study shows how Primovist® MRI can be useful contrast study for urinary tract irregularities.
To evaluate the association of neuthophyl/lymphocyte ratio (NLR) and platelet/lymphocyte ratio (PLR) with BCG intravesical responses in patients with initial diagnosis of non/muscle invasive bladder tumor high-risk (NMIBC).

Retrospective multicenter study on patients with initial diagnosis of high-grade NMIBC treated with BCG between January 2016 and December 2017. Initially a total of 74 patients were collected. Those patients with mixt pathology, cis, chronic corticoid usage and lost to follow-up, were excluded. Induction BCG (x6) and BCG maintenance schedules were administered (x9) over 1 year. Demographic variables (sex, age, BMI) and blood variables (NLR, PLR) before BCG instillation were collected. Response to treatment was defined as absence of recurrence and/ or progression. A statistical analysis with T-student, Chi square, ANOVA and ROC curves was performed.

Final study cohort included a total of 50 patients. 10 females and 40 males. Median age was 70 year old. All patients had pure urothelialBMI, NLR, PLR)CONCLUSION No correlation between NLR and PLR has been reported with BCG response on high-grade NMIBC.
The active surveillance (AS) of testicular tumors (seminoma and non-seminoma) is the most frequent management option in the stage I disease. Relapses generally occurred within the first 3 years and <5% appear after this time cut-off point is fulfilled. Therefore, the adherence is one of the most important pillars in the AS protocol. The aim of this study is to evaluate the adherence to the AS protocol in a community hospital and, in turn, evaluate the safety of it emphasizing in the relapse-free rate in patients with and without risk factors.

A retrospective study of all the patients included in the AS protocol with seminoma tumors (ST) or non-seminoma tumors (NST) stage Iwas performed. Postoperative controls were performed according to the NCCN (National Comprehensive Cancer Network) recommendations. Different variables were taken into account, emphasizing in the risk factors testicular tumor >4cm and the rete testis invasion in the ST, the linfovascular invasion and the percentage>40% of embrionary carcinoma in the NST. Adherence to the AS protocol was evaluated, focusing on those patients who lost it and what time it occurred.

A total of 64 patients were included. The median follow-up was 36 months (IC 21-48 months). 12 patients lost the follow-up during the protocol with a median follow-up of 27.5 months (IC 16-30 months). A 21.8% of patients entered in the AS protocol with some associated risk factor. Adherence follow-up was successful in the first year (96.8%) and decreased over time (92.2% at 24 months and 86.3% at 36 months).

We presented an important adherence to the AS protocol in patients with clinical stage I testicular cancer and in our series there no recurrences after 36 months of follow-up.
We presented an important adherence to the AS protocol in patients with clinical stage I testicular cancer and in our series there no recurrences after 36 months of follow-up.
This study was aimed at assessing the ability of ischemia-modified albumin (IMA) to predict renal injury by associating biochemical, functional, and pathological findings with various degrees of ureteral obstruction.

Twenty-four rats were randomized into three groups, and their blood was sampled to determine the creatinine and IMA values and renal scintigraphy was done at the start and on postoperative day 7. In the sham group, the ureter was untouched; in the partial group, the ureter was gently embedded into the psoas muscle; and in the complete group, the ureter was compathologically, and all parameters were statistically evaluated.

IMA was significantly associated with functional changes, creatinine values, and pathology scores (r = -0.729, r = 0.771, r = 0.827 respectively; p < 0.001). The postoperative IMA values of the partial and complete group were significantly higher than the respective preoperative values (p < 0.001, p < 0.001; p < 0.05, respectively). Additionally, the postoperative IMA values of the complete group were significantly higher than that of the sham and partial groups (p < 0.001, p = 0.001; p < 0.05, respectively).

IMA, which is strongly associated with renal functional and pathological variations, appears to be a valuable parameter for predicting renal injury and may warn clinicians before the irreversible phases of obstructive uropathy occur. More extensive studies with human participants may prove advantageous.
IMA, which is strongly associated with renal functional and pathological variations, appears to be a valuable parameter for predicting renal injury and may warn clinicians before the irreversible phases of obstructive uropathy occur. More extensive studies with human participants may prove advantageous.
Aim of our study was to evaluate the effectiveness and safety of the preoperative placement of JJ stent compared to not doing in patients undergoing ureteroscopy for ureteral and kidney stone.

Prospective, observational, multicenter study. Adult patients, who underwent ureteroscopy treatment for ureteral and kidney stone, were recruited from August 2017 to March 2019, in 23 Argentine institutions. The variables analyzed included demographic data, stone size and location, stone-free rate (SFR) and complications.

580 patients were included. 473 with ureteralstone (309 with and 164 without prior JJ stent) and 107 with kidney stone (77 with and 30 without prior JJ stent). The SFR was higher in the group with previous JJ stent, both in the treatment of ureteral stone (82.2% vs. 90.9%, OR 2.15 (1.17 to 3.96)), and inthe treatment of kidney stone (73.3% vs. 89.6%, OR 3.14 (1.02 to 9.61)). No differences were established in the complication rate both in the treatment of ureteral stone (6.1 vs. 6.1%, OR 0.98 (0.45 to 2.19)) and in the treatment of kidney stone (6.7 vs. 5.2%, OR 0.76 (0.13 a 4.46)).

The preoperative placement of JJ stent, increases SFR in the treatment of ureteral and kidney stone, but not decrease the complication rate.
The preoperative placement of JJ stent, increases SFR in the treatment of ureteral and kidney stone, but not decrease the complication rate.
Pelvic floor dysfunction (PFD) is expressed by many different symptoms thatcan affect pelvic floor organs. These symptoms can appear alone or associated. The involvement of different organs and the wide variety of symptoms we have to deal with, has become teamwork essential for diagnosis and treatment of PFD. Currently, multidisciplinary pelvic floor teams are essential when dealing with PFD.

The main objective of the article is to analyze characteristics and pathologies of the patients discussed during these multidisciplinary meetings.

This is a descriptive study. Patients followed in the multidisciplinary pelvic floorteam at Galdakao-Usansolo Hospital were recruited. We analyzed the patients discussed at the meetings from January 2014 until March 2019.

We recruited 55 patients. 89.09% were female and the mean age of the analyzed patients was 55.36 years. The most frequent reasons for medicalconsultation were pelvic floor prolapses in female (22.45%) and pelvic floor pain in male (33.33%). Association between symptoms occur in 78.18% of the patients.41.82% of patients were referred to more than 2 specialists and 21.82% needed associated treatments.

Pelvic floor dysfunction is manifested by a combination of symptoms which need different specialists, not only for diagnosis, but also for treatment. This is why multidisciplinary teams have become important for the management of pelvic floor disfunction.
Pelvic floor dysfunction is manifested by a combination of symptoms which need different specialists, not only for diagnosis, but also for treatment. This is why multidisciplinary teams have become important for the management of pelvic floor disfunction.
To study the possibility of classifying patients with BPS by UPOINT phenotypes and their correlation with the results of different BPS diagnostic tools.MATERIAL AND METHODS Epidemiological, observational, longitudinal and multicentric study performed according to clinical practice. A total of 319 women with BPS were included, 79 with new diagnosis and 240 in follow-up. Sociodemographic and clinical data were collected together with results of cystoscopy, biopsy and physical examination. Patients completed a 3-day Bladder Diary (3dBD) and Patient Reported Outcomes (PROs). All the patients were classified according to the 6 UPOINT domains and their distribution was described according to the clinical history, diagnostic tests, urinary symptoms and PROs' scores.RESULTS 92.8% of the patients had affectation in more than one phenotype, however, there were no remarkable differences in the clinical and sociodemographic variables according to the number of affected domains. The percentage of patients with 3C classification was higher in the urinary (8.
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