Notes

Anti-ATR001 monoclonal antibody ameliorates vascular disease through beta-arrestin2 path.
Environmental factors and dispersal can influence the structure of biological communities. Their effects can depend on the functional features of the species in the community. Since species belonging to the same trophic level, such as phytoplankton, may show functional differences, we investigated whether the effects of environment and dispersal differ among phytoplankton species from different functional groups. We analyzed data from a rainy and a dry period in 30 reservoirs in a subtropical region. In both periods, the environment as well as high and limited dispersal influenced the metacommunity structure. The functional groups had a low correspondence in their response to both dispersal and environment. Our results showed that the influence of the processes underlying the structure of the metacommunities, such as species sorting (environment influence), mass effect (high dispersal), and neutral dynamics (limited dispersal), depended on the functional characteristics of the organisms and could vary even among species of the same trophic level. These findings suggested that species at the same trophic level could not be considered ecological equivalents. This paper includes a Portuguese and Spanish version of the abstract in the online resources.
The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1007/s00027-021-00837-0.
The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1007/s00027-021-00837-0.This article helps lay a basis for the kind of deep analysis of the stakes of global food governance that is required today, under the impact of the COVID 19 crisis and with the threat of corporate capture of decision-making spaces. The article reviews the history of global food governance, identifies the critical questions that need to be asked, and suggests some directions that may contribute to strengthening the agency of rights-holders, weakening that of corporations, and democratizing multilateral governance.The article typifies individual experiences as well as collective negotiations of the crisis and the handling of it in the course of the COVID-19 pandemic on the basis of the platform Imgur.com. For this, we draw on a sample of 2% of the highest rated posts (645 posts) published under the hashtag #coronavirus. The posts were coded according to the principles of (Visual) Grounded Theory and descriptively-statistically analyzed following a mixed-method approach. It is not only noticeable how many different media formats are used, but also that the participants' own posts appear alongside posts from other social media that have been reused. The platform itself is thus also a filter for contributions from other platforms. In addition, personal posts on dealing with the pandemic appear alongside political criticism and informative postings. Along the analyzed data material, it can thus be shown that users can combine different communication purposes, such as entertainment, information and social connection, in rapid succession on the same platform. One focus of the analyses is on the media format of memes, which play a prominent role in social media and which, due to their multimodality and their reference context based on adaptive seriality, pose challenges to the process of data collection and analysis. The reflection on the basis of the material therefore provides new impulses for the study of memes and communication on social media.This research note presents first results of the AKCOVID study. Based on representative survey data the study examines the impact of the pandemic on the economic situation of families with children in Austria. We compared the situation of couples with dependent children and single parents before the start of the crisis (February 2020) with the situation in June 2020. The descriptive results indicate that a large proportion of families were already affected by the economic consequences of the pandemic three months after the onset of the Corona crisis. Pandemic-related changes in the employment situation of parents led to significant financial losses and rising shares of families with difficulties managing on their current household income (subjective poverty risk). Among the most strongly affected families were couples with more than two minor children and single parents. The analyses illustrate the direct and massive impact of the pandemic on families in Austria. Especially those who were already in a vulnerable financial situation before the crisis felt its economic impact. And many of those who were not yet affected worried that they may still run into financial problems in the further course of the pandemic.Previous analyses of environmentally conscious intentions showed that the willingness to sacrifice for the environment decreased during the COVID-19 crisis in Austria. There is a large body of empirical research and theoretical models dealing with the explanation of environmental behavior, but these explanations have always been considered in the context of a pandemic-free society. The aim of this research note is therefore to consider the willingness to sacrifice in a crisis period. The data used for the analyses is the Austrian part of the international 'Values in Crisis' survey. For this purpose, more than 2000 individuals were surveyed online about their values, social orientations and their current life situation during the first COVID-19 wave (May 2020). Blockwise regression models are used to examine the influence of crisis perceptions, environmental attitudes and values on the willingness to sacrifice for the environment. The analyses show a relatively strong influence of environmental attitudes and values, but also additional effects of concerns about the COVID-19 crisis and especially its economic impact.Digital medicine plays an important role in disease assessment, psychological intervention, and relapse management in mental illnesses. Patients with substance use disorders can be easily affected by the environment and negative emotions, inducing addiction and relapse. However, due to social discrimination, stigma, or economic issues, they are unwilling to go to the hospital for treatment, making it difficult for health workers to track their health changes. Additionally, mental health resources in China are insufficient. Digital medicine aims to solve these problems. This article reviews digital medicine in the field of addiction, hoping to provide a reference for the future exploration of more individualized and effective digital medicine.Although few case reports of human fascioliasis have been reported from different parts of India, there is no case reported from the Kashmir valley to date. Herein we report two cases of human fascioliasis. Both patients presented with fever, marked eosinophilia, and liver lesions on imaging. Hepatobiliary imaging showed vague features like mild biliary dilatation and liver lesions representing burrows. A liver biopsy in one of the patients revealed eosinophilic granuloma. Both patients were diagnosed definitively with endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography (ERCP) by demonstrating live adult fasciola worms. Any patient presenting with fever, marked eosinophilia, and liver lesions on imaging should be evaluated for fascioliasis.Leiomyosarcoma of the inferior vena cava (IVC-LMS) is a rare mesenchymal tumor arising from the tunica media. In this report, we describe the antesitum resection without inferior vena cava (IVC) reconstruction of retrohepatic IVC-LMS. To our knowledge, this is the first report of antesitum resection for IVC-LMS from India. A 51-year-old lady presented with features of Budd-Chiari syndrome and abdominal pain. Evaluation showed the tumor arising from IVC extending from above the renal veins and upto the subdiaphragmatic IVC. Blood investigations were normal with a positron emission tomography scan showing no metastatic disease. Antesitum, in situ resection of the IVC-LMS was performed. The patient recovered well postoperatively without renal or hepatic issues. Radical resection of IVC-LMS offers a chance for cure even in locally advanced status. Experience in complex liver resection and liver transplantation has made the resection of such tumors possible and safe.Cyproterone acetate (CPA), a hydroxyprogesterone derivative, is used to treat advanced prostate cancer and infrequently in women for acne, breast cancer and hirsutism. Transient mild elevation in levels of liver enzymes is reported in 10-30% of patients, and acute liver failure (ALF) is uncommon. Here, we discuss the first case of CPA-induced ALF from India and the available literature.The association between alcohol and liver disease, including alcoholic hepatitis, cirrhosis, acute-on-chronic liver failure, and hepatocellular carcinoma, has been well described, but the same cannot be said for the association between smoking, water pipe or tobacco chewing. A review of cumulative evidence suggests that smoking is independently a risk factor for liver fibrosis and contributes to carcinogenesis in HCC. Smoking-related fibrosis has been reported in patients with nonalcoholic fatty liver disease, primary biliary cholangitis, alcoholic liver disease and chronic viral hepatitis. Heavy smoking leads to systemic inflammation, oxidative stress, insulin resistance, and results in tissue hypoxia, as well as free radical damage. Other than damaging the liver, patients also suffer from the systemic effects of the 4000 chemicals associated with tobacco, which include nitrosamines, aromatic hydrocarbons, nicotine, nornicotine, and other alkaloids. These include respiratory ailments, cancer of the lungs, oral cavity, esophagus, pancreas and colon, atherosclerotic vascular disease, and stroke.
Gilbert's syndrome (GS) is a hereditary pathology that affects approximately 10% of the world's population. In most cases, GS is associated with the
polymorphism of
gene coding the enzyme bilirubin uridine diphosphate glucuronosyltransferase (UGT-1A) which plays a key role in the bilirubin metabolism. The presence of an additional TA repeat in the TATA box of the
gene promoter (the allelic variant of 7TA, abbreviated as
) leads to a significant decrease in the enzymatic activity of UGT-1A in the liver and to decrease in glucuronidation process as a consequence. The aim of the study is to estimate the prevalence of the 6TA/6TA, 6TA/7TA, and 7TA/7TA genotypes of
promoter and to analyze the effect of these variants on bilirubin levels in healthy men in North-West Russia and patients with a clinical diagnosis of GS.

Genotyping of the
∗28 (rs8175347) polymorphism was carried out by real-time PCR.

The results obtained indicate an increased probability of GS developing in residents of the North-West region of Russia compared with other representatives of the Caucasians.

Despite the fact that the level of serum bilirubin increases with the rise in the number of additional TA dinucleotides in the
gene promoter tests of clinical manifestations only (jaundice, fatigue, sleep disturbances, nausea, belching, and so on) and increased bilirubin levels in patients with normal liver function do not allow unequivocally diagnose GS.
genotyping should be used as a prognostic risk factor for such pathology development.
Despite the fact that the level of serum bilirubin increases with the rise in the number of additional TA dinucleotides in the UGT1A1 gene promoter tests of clinical manifestations only (jaundice, fatigue, sleep disturbances, nausea, belching, and so on) and increased bilirubin levels in patients with normal liver function do not allow unequivocally diagnose GS. UGT1A1∗28 genotyping should be used as a prognostic risk factor for such pathology development.
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