Notes

Early the adult years socioeconomic trajectories contribute to inequalities in adult cardio wellbeing, on their own associated with childhood along with their adult years socioeconomic position.
This paper proposed a feasible direction for the development of allelochemicals SRMs which exhibited certain guiding significance for their application in water ecological restoration.The contamination of aquatic environments by transition metals can have a direct influence on the reproductive process of several organisms in the aquatic biota. This study aimed to evaluate the effect of cadmium and copper on the sperm of tambaqui (Colossoma macropomum). Male (n = 4) and female (n = 4) specimens of C. macropomum were induced to spermiation and ovulation, with sperm being activated in the following media 0; 0.6; 1.2 and 1.8 mg/L of cadmium (CdCl2) and 0; 0.4; 0.8 and 1.2 mg/L of copper (CuCl2). Sperm quality was assessed through time (s) and motility rate (%), superoxide dismutase (SOD) and glutathione S-transferase (GST) activities, lipoperoxidation levels (LPO), and morphological characteristics. In parallel, the effects of these metals on the rate of fertilization and hatching of the oocytes were evaluated. The duration and motility rate of sperm were longer in the control treatment, 85.67 ± 11.01 s; 90 ± 0.01%, and progressively decreased to 44.67 ± 4.16 s and 60 ± 5%, respectively, in concentrations of 1.8 mg/L (44.67 ± 4.16 s; 60 ± 5%) of CdCl2 and to 65.67 ± 3.30 s; 70 ± 5%, respectively, in concentrations of 0.8 mg/L of CuCl2. We observed an increase in the activity of the SOD enzyme in sperm cells exposed to 1.2 mg/L of CdCl2. The LPO levels were increased significantly in sperm cells exposed to 1.2 and 1.8 mg/L of CdCl2 and 0.8 mg/L of CuCl2. Fertilization and hatching were severely impaired in the presence of Cd and Cu. These data indicate that environments contaminated with cadmium and copper harm the gametes of C. macropomum.Gas/particle partitioning governs the transport and fate of semi-volatile organic compounds (SVOCs) released to the atmosphere. The partition quotient of SVOCs, KP, is related to their subcooled liquid vapor pressure (logKP = mp logPL + bp) and to their octanol-air partition coefficient (logKP = mo logKOA + bo). Previous theory predicts that -mp and mo should be close to, or equal to 1 based on the assumption that gas- and particle-phases are at equilibrium in the atmosphere. Here, we develop analytical equations to calculate mo and bo as functions of logKOA and mp and bp as functions of logPL. We find that experimental, analytical, or statistical artifacts and other reported factors are not the leading causes for deviations of the slopes, mp and mo, from -1 and 1, respectively. Rather, it is the inherent parameter, KOA, that determines mo and bo, and equivalently, PL is the major parameter determining mp and bp, and such deviations are evidence that equilibrium is an inappropriate assumption. In contrast, the actual steady-state between gas and particle phases of SVOCs leads that their -mp and mo should range from 0 to 1, implying that equilibrium is a reasonable assumption only when -mp and mo are larger than 0.49. To illustrate these points, we provide a detailed discussion of the global atmospheric transport of polybrominated diphenyl ethers (PBDEs) with emphasis on Polar Regions where low air temperatures favor a special steady-state, where their slopes mp and mo can reach 0, indicating a constant value of logKP (-1.53).Partition coefficients are important parameters for measuring the concentration of chemicals by passive sampling devices. Considering the wide application of the polyurethane foam (PUF) in passive air sampling, an attempt for developing several quantitative structure-property relationship (QSPR) models was made in this work, to predict PUF-air partition coefficients (KPUF-air) using linear (multiple linear regression, MLR) and non-linear (artificial neural network, ANN and support vector machine, SVM) methods by machine learning. All of the developed models were performed on a dataset of 170 compounds comprising 9 distinct classes. A series of statistical parameters and validation results showed that models had good prediction ability, robustness and goodness-of-fit. Furthermore, the underlying mechanisms of molecular descriptors emphasized that ionization potential, molecular bond, hydrophilicity, size of molecule and valence electron number had dominating influence on the adsorption process of chemicals. Overall, the obtained models were all established on the extensive applicability domains, and thus can be used as effective tools to predict the KPUF-air of new organic compounds or those have not been synthesized yet which, in turn, could help researchers better understand the mechanistic basis of adsorption behavior of PUF.Elevated atmospheric O3 can inhibit the growth rate of various plants and increase metal content in their tissues owing to the oxidative damage, thereby affecting their phytoremediation efficiency. In this study, a series of O3 fumigation treatments were designed to evaluate the dry weight, Cd content, and transpiration rate responses of Celosia argentea to different levels of O3 (40, 50, 55, 60, 65, and 80 ppb). The dry weight of C. argentea decreased as the atmospheric O3 level increased, and the Cd concentration of the plant leaves increased until the level of O3 reached 60 ppb before decreasing slightly. The variations in the transpiration rate followed a similar trend to the Cd content under different O3 levels. The phytoremediation efficiency of C. argentea increased with O3 fumigation at low (50 ppb) and moderate (55 and 60 ppb) levels, and significantly decreased at the highest level. The regression curves indicated that the plant species treated with 52 ppb of O3 exhibited the highest Cd accumulation capacity. Overall, the phytoremediation effect of C. argentea cultivated in Cd-polluted soil might be improved under the high-O3 conditions. This result might help to choose suitable plants for soil remediation in future atmospheric environment.Here we compared the efficiency of Cu extraction (dissolved + particulate) from two soils dosed with CuO nanoparticles (NPs) at 50 or 250 mg kg-1 by pore water collection, and single- and multi-step soil extraction tests. Pore water collection recovered low levels of Cu ( less then 0.18%, regardless of soil type or Cu dose). Single soil extraction by either CaCl2 or DI water led to higher Cu recovery than pore water collection, but still less then 3% of total dose. These methods were useful for assessing the labile Cu ions pool. This fraction is controlled by Cu2+ dissolved from CuO NPs and it varies with time and soil type. Particulate Cu was poorly retrieved ( less then 0.7%) by pore water extraction and by single-step soil extraction using CaCl2 solution or water. Multi-step extraction including dispersing and metal-chelating agents allowed for simultaneous characterization of dissolved Cu (total ionic Cu2+, 24-49% of dosed Cu), extractable CuO NPs (reversibly attached, 15-26% of dosed Cu), and non-extractable CuO NPs (irreversibly attached, 36-50% of dosed Cu), and it could describe the aging of NPs along 30 d. This method extracted a significantly higher concentration of Cu than pore water collection and was less sensitive to method parameters (e.g. filtration). This multi-step method can reduce pore water extraction-related factors that may confound the interpretation of environmental exposure data in NPs studies, and describe upper limits of both exchangeable Cu2+ and dispersible CuO NPs in soil that can potentially become bioavailable to plants and organisms and thus provide a sounder basis for risks evaluations.Pathogenic variants in the PSTPIP1 gene cause pyogenic sterile arthritis, pyoderma gangrenosum, and acne (PAPA) syndrome. They were also identified in a broad spectrum of phenotypes. As their interpretation is sometimes challenging, we discuss the genotype-phenotype association in PSTPIP1-associated autoinflammatory diseases (PAIDs) in light of a recent consensus classification of variant pathogenicity. Only 7 of 39 (18%) of the PSTPIP1 variants found in all reported cases and our national reference center (161 patients [114 probands]) were pathogenic. They were clearly associated with PAPA and PSTPIP1-associated myeloid-related proteinemia inflammatory syndrome (PAMI), reflecting a variable clinical expression of PAIDs.This paper aims to describe our experience in an interventional radiology unit in a hospital in Spain that was severely affected by the COVID-19 pandemic. To this end, we did a prospective observational study of 20 consecutive patients with COVID-19 who underwent 21 interventional radiology procedures between March 13, 2020 and May 11, 2020. We describe the measures taken to reorganize the work and protective measures, as well as the repercussions of the situation on our unit's overall activity and activity in different phases. The COVID-19 pandemic has represented a challenge in our daily work, but learning from our own experience and the recommendations of the Spanish radiological societies (SERVEI and SERAM) has enabled us to adapt successfully. Our activity dropped only 22% compared to the same period in 2019.
Previous efforts to examine differences in adverse childhood experiences (ACEs) exposure by geography have yielded mixed results, and have not distinguished between urban, suburban, and rural areas. Additionally, few studies to date have considered the potentially moderating role of geography on the relationship between ACEs and health outcomes.

To examine differences in exposure to ACEs by geography, and determine whether geography moderates the relationship between ACE exposure and health outcomes (overall health, asthma, attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD), and special health care needs).

The cross-sectional 2017-18 National Survey of Children's Health (NSCH).

Distributions of individual and cumulative ACEs by geography (urban, suburban, rural) were compared using chi-squared tests. Logistic regression was used to determine the association between geography and exposure to 4 + ACEs, and to explore whether the relationship between ACEs and health outcomes varied by geography, adjusting for sociodemographic covariates.

Adjusting for covariates, rural residency was associated with 1.29 times increased odds of exposure to 4 + ACEs (95 % CI 1.00, 1.66) compared to suburban residency. Statistically significant evidence for an interaction between geography and ACE exposure on overall health was not observed, but urban status was observed to increase the association between ACEs and asthma.

This analysis demonstrates a higher ACE burden in rural compared to suburban children. These findings underscore the importance of ACE screening and suggest investment of healthcare resources in the historically underserved rural population.
This analysis demonstrates a higher ACE burden in rural compared to suburban children. These findings underscore the importance of ACE screening and suggest investment of healthcare resources in the historically underserved rural population.
Child sexual abuse is related to many negative outcomes but less known is the effect on pregnancy and childbirth.

This review critically examined the literature on the occurrence of child sexual abuse and outcomes associated with this abuse during pregnancy and childbirth.

Five databases were searched over 50 years using an iterative approach and the terms pregnancy, sexual abuse/assault, childbirth/labour, identifying 49 studies.

The prevalence of child sexual abuse in pregnant women ranged from 2.63% to 37.25 with certain characteristics more common with a higher (e.g., specific questions, low income) or lower (broad questions, higher education) prevalence. Compared to women with no history of abuse, child sexual abuse survivors may have more concerns with their care, greater health complaints, fear childbirth and have difficulties with delivery. They also had a higher likelihood of PTSD symptomology and anxiety, consumed more harmful substances (e.g., alcohol, cigarettes, and drugs) and had greater concerns with their appearance, poorer health, sleep and may also have a higher risk of re-victimisation.
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