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Microorganisms like a manufacturing location of generate natural activecompounds through fresh mushrooms: biosynthetic pathway elucidationand metabolic executive.
Traumatic events may lead to post-traumatic growth (PTG). Nevertheless, little is known about the mechanisms leading to PTG, especially among older adults. This study sought to examine the direct relationship between world assumptions and PTG and the indirect relationship between them via two possible mediation pathways post-traumatic stress symptoms (PTSS) and meaning in life. One hundred fifty-nine Holocaust survivors participated in the study (mean age = 82.34, SD = 5.81). Participants completed questionnaires of world assumptions, meaning in life, PTSS and PTG. The findings showed that world assumptions were positive and were positively associated with meaning in life and PTG and negatively associated with PTSS. The results of the multiple mediation model suggest that meaning in life and PTSS partially mediated the relations between world assumptions and PTG. Positive world assumptions were associated with higher meaning in life, which was associated with higher PTG. In contrast, despite the direct association between PTSS and PTG, the mediating effect of PTSS was negative, thus the more positive the world assumptions, the higher the PTG mediated by lower PTSS. The results suggest that the relationship between world assumptions and PTG may be direct and indirect. These findings suggest possible mechanisms underlying PTG, especially in old age.Oral Direct-acting antivirals (DAAs) are safe, highly effective altering disease burden and prognosis in hepatitis C patients. SB-715992 price Sustained virologic response (SVR) is achieved nowadays in more than 90% of the treated patients and related to the improvements in functions of the liver, fibrosis plus survival. Furthermore, portal hypertension is thought to be improved with achievement of virological response, parallel to the improvements in hepatic inflammation and fibrosis. We aimed to assess the recurrence rate of oesophageal varices by long-term follow-up in patients treated with different DAAs regimens who had achieved SVR. We studied 176 Child A cirrhotic HCV patients who achieved SVR after DAAs treatment and had a history of endoscopic oesophageal varices obliteration and were on maximum tolerated propranolol dose. They were subjected to follow-up upper gastrointestinal endoscopy repeated every 6 months for 4 years. Fifty-two patients (29.5%) had recurrence of oesophageal varices observed during the 4-years follow-up upper GIT endoscopy. On multivariate analysis, platelet count was the only significant variable, P-value = .007*. HbA1C, HOMA IR, BMI 1 and BMI 2 showed non-significant differences between the studied groups. By ROC analysis, we identified baseline platelet count of 96 000/µL with 100% sensitivity (95% confidence interval [CI] [91%-100%]) and 74% specificity (95% CI [65%-81%]). Spearman correlation showed a positive correlation between AFP, age, AST, Bilirubin, creatinine, INR. Patients who achieved SVR post DAAs showed a significant decrease in oesophageal varices recurrence post endoscopic obliteration. Baseline platelet count was found to be a strong independent predictor for oesophageal varices recurrence.
Tumour mutational burden (TMB) predicts improved response and survival to immunotherapy. In this pilot study, we optimized targeted next-generation sequencing (tNGS) to estimate TMB in hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC).

We sequenced 48 non-paired samples (21 fresh-frozen [FF] and 27 paraffin-embedded [FFPE]), among which 11 FFPE samples were pretreated with uracil-DNA glycosylase (UDG). Thirty samples satisfied post-sequencing quality control. High/low TMB was defined by median number of mutations/Mb (Mut/Mb), across different minimum allele frequency (MAF) thresholds (≥0.05, ≥0.1 and ≥0.2).

Eligible patients (n=29) were cirrhotic (84%) with TNM stage I-II HCC (75%). FFPE samples had higher TMB (median 958.39 vs 2.51 Mut/Mb, P<.0001), estimated deamination counts (median 1335.50 vs 0, P<.0001) and C>T transitions at CpG sites (median 60.3% vs 9.1%, P=.002) compared to FF. UDG-treated samples had lower TMB (median 4019.92 vs 353 Mut/Mb, P=.041) and deamination counts (median 6393.5 vs 328.5, P=.041) vs untreated FFPE. link2 At 0.2 MAF threshold with UDG treatment, median TMB was 5.48 (range 1.68-16.07) and did not correlate with salient pathologic features of HCC, including survival.

While tNGS on fresh HCC samples appears to be the optimal source of tumour DNA, the low median TMB values observed may limit the role of TMB as a predictor of response to immunotherapy in HCC.
While tNGS on fresh HCC samples appears to be the optimal source of tumour DNA, the low median TMB values observed may limit the role of TMB as a predictor of response to immunotherapy in HCC.MYB transcription factors (TFs) have been reported to regulate the biosynthesis of secondary metabolites, as well as to mediate plant adaption to abiotic stresses, including drought. However, the roles of MYB TFs in regulating plant architecture and yield potential remain poorly understood. Here, we studied the roles of the dehydration-inducible GmMYB14 gene in regulating plant architecture, high-density yield and drought tolerance through the brassinosteroid (BR) pathway in soybean. GmMYB14 was shown to localize to nucleus and has a transactivation activity. Stable GmMYB14-overexpressing (GmMYB14-OX) transgenic soybean plants displayed a semi-dwarfism and compact plant architecture associated with decreased cell size, resulting in a decrease in plant height, internode length, leaf area, leaf petiole length and leaf petiole angle, and improved yield in high density under field conditions. Results of the transcriptome sequencing suggested the involvement of BRs in regulating GmMYB14-OX plant architecture. link3 Indeed, GmMYB14-OX plants showed reduced endogenous BR contents, while exogenous application of brassinolide could partly rescue the phenotype of GmMYB14-OX plants. Furthermore, GmMYB14 was shown to directly bind to the promoter of GmBEN1 and up-regulate its expression, leading to reduced BR content in GmMYB14-OX plants. GmMYB14-OX plants also displayed improved drought tolerance under field conditions. GmBEN1 expression was also up-regulated in the leaves of GmMYB14-OX plants under polyethylene glycol treatment, indicating that the GmBEN1-mediated reduction in BR level under stress also contributed to drought/osmotic stress tolerance of the transgenic plants. Our findings provided a strategy for stably increasing high-density yield and drought tolerance in soybean using a single TF-encoding gene.
The collaborative care model is effective in delivering evidence-based psychosocial oncology care. Social workers comprise the largest proportion of psychosocial oncology providers in the United States. This study describes the process and perceptions of clinical oncology social workers at a large comprehensive cancer center who transitioned to practicing as care managers within collaborative care.

We describe the process of engaging clinical oncology social workers as care managers as part of the implementation of collaborative care at the Seattle Cancer Care Alliance. We then present survey results from 2017 and 2020 of participating social workers' perceptions of the collaborative care model's advantages and disadvantages.

Since the implementation of collaborative care at our institution, key functions of the social worker as care manager were defined. The majority of social workers surveyed in 2017 and 2020 agreed that collaborative care led to improved clinical outcomes, timely access to care, and nal resources, and is favorably viewed by participating social workers in terms of perceived benefits to patients and their own professional roles.
Partial pharyngeal defect reconstruction after total laryngectomy with regional and free fasciocutaneous flaps has been described. However, mucosal flaps for such defects have not been reported.

An islanded facial artery musculo-mucosal (FAMM) flap was used to reconstruct a partial pharyngeal defect after total laryngectomy. Surgical, swallowing, and speech outcomes were analyzed at 6 months postoperatively.

At 6 months, videofluoroscopy showed no post swallow residue, fistula, trachea-esophageal puncture leak, or stricture. Perceptual analysis of recorded cold speech, native language passage sample, and the intelligibility analysis was good. The patient had normal mouth opening and marginal mandibular nerve function.

Islanded FAMM flap is ideal for partial pharyngeal defects, which cannot be closed primarily. Speech and swallowing outcomes were good. It provided a robust and predictable blood supply and adequate reach. There was no significant donor site morbidity. The musculo-mucosal flap replaced "like-with-like" tissue.
Islanded FAMM flap is ideal for partial pharyngeal defects, which cannot be closed primarily. Speech and swallowing outcomes were good. It provided a robust and predictable blood supply and adequate reach. There was no significant donor site morbidity. The musculo-mucosal flap replaced "like-with-like" tissue.Rational construction of high-efficiency and low-cost catalysts is one of the most promising ways to produce hydrogen but remains a huge challenge. Herein, interface engineering and heteroatom doping were used to synthesize V-doped sulfide/phosphide heterostructures on nickel foam (V-Ni3 S2 /Nix Py /NF) by phosphating treatment at low temperature. The incorporation of V can adjust the electronic structure of Ni3 S2 , expose more active sites, and protect the 3D structure of Ni foam from damage. Meanwhile, the heterogeneous interface formed between Ni3 S2 and Nix Py can provide abundant active sites and accelerate electron transfer. As a result, the V-Ni3 S2 /Nix Py /NF nanosheet catalyst exhibits outstanding activity in the hydrogen evolution reaction (HER) with an extremely low overpotential of 90 mV at a current density of 10 mA cm-2 and stable durability in alkaline solution, which exceeds those most of the previously reported Ni-based materials. This work shows that rational design by interfacial engineering and metal-atom incorporation has a significant influence for efficient hydrogen evolution.Polar materials attract wide research interest due to their unique properties, such as ferroelectricity and the bulk photovoltaic effect (BPVE), which are not accessible with nonpolar materials. However, in general, rationally designing polar materials is difficult because nonpolar materials are more favorable in terms of dipole-dipole interactions. Here, we report a rational strategy to form polar assemblies with bowl-shaped π-conjugated molecules and a molecular design principle for this strategy. We synthesized and thoroughly characterized 12 single crystals with the help of various theoretical calculations. Furthermore, we demonstrated that it can be possible to predict whether polar assemblies become more favorable or not by estimating their lattice energies. We believe that this study contributes to the development of organic polar materials and their related studies.Although the relationships between brain structure and emotions may alter across the life span, this relationship is of particular importance during aging when significant alterations in emotions may be manifested. Understanding the structural-behavioral relationship could not only provide a neurobiological basis of these changes, but could also suggest potential intervention. Since anxiety is commonly observed in aging population, we undertook this study to determine the extent of this behavioral manifestations as well as the associated ultrastructural changes in the amygdala. Rats of various age groups, adolescent, adult, and aged were tested for anxiety-like behavior and the ultrastructure/presynaptic architecture of the central nucleus of amygdala (CNA) were evaluated using transmission electron microscopy (EM). Aged rats were consistently more anxious than the other groups as evidenced by their scores in the elevated plus maze. Morphometric EM analysis of axodendritic synapses revealed that the aged rats had a lower presynaptic area as well as number of synapses, but unexpectedly a higher number of presynaptic mitochondria in CNA.
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