Notes

Case record: Transcatheter control device fix with Cardioband: a fresh remedy selection for supplementary tricuspid regurgitation in heart failure implant patients.
18, 0.31 ± 0.28, and 1.72 ± 0.28 in respectively MDMA (5 mM), Zinc (8 μM), and Zinc+MDMA groups vs. control group. The mean of Caspase-3 mRNA (fold change) was not statistically different in the tested groups (P>0.05), unless MDMA (5 mM) group (P=0.008).

We suggest that MDMA toxicity could be involved in apoptosis of Sertoli cells. In addition, Zinc could reduce MDMA-induced apoptosis by down-regulation of
mRNA levels.
We suggest that MDMA toxicity could be involved in apoptosis of Sertoli cells. In addition, Zinc could reduce MDMA-induced apoptosis by down-regulation of Caspase-3 mRNA levels.
Mucin-1(Muc1) is one of the first molecules in the endometrium that confronts implanting embryos. There is insufficient knowledge about the impacts of diabetes and drugs developed for diabetes treatment on expression of this molecule at the time of implantation. Therefore, this study aimed to investigate the impacts of diabetes and insulin, metformin and pioglitazone on Muc1 expression at the time of implantation.

This experimental study was conducted on a total of 63 female Wistar rats divided into 9 groups. To induce type 1diabetes, streptozotocin (STZ) and for induction of type 2 diabetes, nicotinamide (NA) and STZ were injected intraperitoneally. For superovulation, human menopausal gonadotropin (HMG) and human chorionic gonadotropin (HCG) were used. Insulin, metformin and pioglitazone were administered for two weeks. Finally, the endometrial expression of Muc1 was evaluated by quantitative real-time reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR).

expression was non-significantly increase in diabetes, is changes in Muc1 expression during implantation. On the other hand, the use of insulin in these patients can even lead to overexpression of this gene and worsen the condition. However, these changes can be partially mitigated by assisted reproductive technology (ART) such as superovulation. Also, treatment with metformin and pioglitazone can restore Muc1 expression to near normal levels and has beneficial effects on implantation.
We investigated the impact of the choice of catheter type and tenaculum use on pregnancy related outcomes in intrauterine insemination (IUI) treatments.

A total of 338 consecutive IUI cycles were assessed in this retrospective study. Participants were divided according to the insemination technique - soft catheter (group 1; n=175), firm catheter (group 2; n=100), or tenaculum (group 3; n=63). Clinical, laboratory, semen parameters and pregnancy related outcomes were compared.

Demographic characteristics and laboratory parameters were similar between the groups (P>0.05). The clinical pregnancy rate (CPR) was significantly higher in the firm catheter (19%, 19/100) and tenaculum (31.7%, 20/63) groups compared to the soft catheter group (5.1%, 9/175),(P<0.001). There were no significant differences between the groups in live birth and miscarriage rates per clinical pregnancy (P>0.05).

Our findings indicate that the use of a firm catheter or tenaculum for IUI might result in a higher CPR, but might not have a considerable effect on the live birth rate (LBR). Further prospective randomized studies are required to determine the long-term effects of the catheter type or tenaculum use on IUI success.
Our findings indicate that the use of a firm catheter or tenaculum for IUI might result in a higher CPR, but might not have a considerable effect on the live birth rate (LBR). Further prospective randomized studies are required to determine the long-term effects of the catheter type or tenaculum use on IUI success.
The purpose of this study to determine the relationship between endometrial length and positive pregnancy test in patients who underwent assisted reproductive technology (ART).

This cross-sectional study included patients who were referred for
fertilisation/intracytoplasmic sperm injection (IVF/ICSI) therapy from 2013 to 2016. All nulliparous women who met the inclusion criteria were between 20-38 years of age and presented for ultrasound measurements prior to fresh embryo transfer (ET). Endometrial length was measured by transvaginal ultrasound (TVS) with a Medison Accuvix device on the day of human chorionic gonadotropin (hCG) administration. The relationship between endometrial length and treatment success was assessed. The independent sample t test, receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve and the area under the curve (AUC) index and chi-square test were used for data analysis. P<0.05 were statistically significant.

There was a significant relationship between endometrial length (41.5%) and treatment success (P<0.05). The endometrial length of 41.5(mm) with a sensitivity of 66.7%, specificity of 50.6%, positive predictive value of 46.8%, negative predictive value of 69.4%, and efficiency of 56.62% can be used as a proper cut-off point with an AUC of 0.63.

The value of 41.5(mm) for endometrial length can be used as a proper cut-off point for prediction of a higher ART success rate. We recommend TVS as the first step for assessment of uterine and endometrium receptivity in the ART cycle.
The value of 41.5(mm) for endometrial length can be used as a proper cut-off point for prediction of a higher ART success rate. We recommend TVS as the first step for assessment of uterine and endometrium receptivity in the ART cycle.
Endometriosis is a chronic inflammatory disorder with known immune disturbances. The aim of this study was to compare the frequency of different CD4+ T cells [T helper (Th)1, Th2, Th17 and regulatory T cells (Tregs)] in peripheral blood (PB) and peritoneal fluid (PF) of patients that have early and advanced stages of endometriosis with a control group.

In this case control study, PB and PF samples were collected from women aged 24-40 years who underwent laparoscopy procedures. The frequency of CD4+ T subsets were analysed by flow cytometry and compared between three study groups; early endometriosis (stage I, II), advanced endometriosis (stage III, IV) and control (no endometriosis). T cell numbers were compared between the PB and PF in each of the aforementioned groups.

No statistically significant difference was found between the study groups regarding the numbers of Th1, Th2 and Th17 cells in PB. The PF of patients with advanced endometriosis had increased numbers of Th17 cells compared to the control group (P=0.003), with P values of 0.059 and 0.045 in both menstrual phases. Increased numbers of Th2 cells in PF from early compared to advanced stages of endometriosis were detected exclusively in the luteal phase (P=0.035). The control group had increased numbers of Treg and Th2 cells in the PF compared to PB (both, P value=0.046). However, in the early stages of endometriosis there were more Th2, Th17 and Treg cells in the PF compared to PB (P values 0.005, 0.047 and 0.013, respectively), while the number of Th17 cells was higher in the PF compared with PB in the advanced stages of endometriosis (P= 0.013).

There were increased numbers of Th17 cells in the PF of patients with advanced stages of endometriosis, which could be related to the severity of this disease.
There were increased numbers of Th17 cells in the PF of patients with advanced stages of endometriosis, which could be related to the severity of this disease.
Endometriosis is one of the most common pelvic diseases associated with dyspareunia, pelvic pain, and infertility. The primary aim of this study is to evaluate the role of diet on the risk of endometriosis among Iranian women.

This case-control study was conducted in two health research centres between 2015 and 2016. There were 207 women with endometriosis (case) and 206 women without endometriosis (control) who were evaluated by laparoscopy. The women were asked about their frequency of consumption per week of portions of selected dietary items in the Iranian diet in the year before the interview.

The results indicated that intake of green vegetables (odds ratio [OR]=0.39, 95% confidence interval [CI]=0.21-0.74, Ptrend=0.004), red meat (OR=0.61, 95% CI=0.41-0.91, Ptrend=0.015) and dairy products (milk [OR=0.65, 95% CI=0.47-0.92, Ptrend=0.014], cheese [OR=0.53, 95% CI=0.37-0.76, Ptrend<0.001]), fresh fruit (OR=0.68, 95% CI=0.50-0.93, Ptrend=0.015) and grain legumes (OR=0.59, 95% CI=0.47-0.77; Ptrend<0.001) had a significant association with lower risk of endometriosis. Consumption of carrots, green tea, fish, eggs and oil was not significantly related to the risk of endometriosis.

This study suggests that certain types of dietary components may be related to the risk of endometriosis.
This study suggests that certain types of dietary components may be related to the risk of endometriosis.
This cross-sectional study pointed to assess the relationship between major dietary patterns and dietary diversity score with semen parameters, in infertile Iranian males.

In this cross-sectional study, 260 infertile men (18-55 years old) who met the inclusion criteria, entered the study. Four Semen parameters, namely sperm concentration (SC), total sperm movement (TSM), normal sperm morphology (NSM) and sperm volume were considered according to spermogram. A 168-item food frequency questionnaire (FFQ) was used to collect dietary intakes and calculate dietary diversity score. Factor analysis was used to extract dietary patterns.

The following four factors were extracted "traditional pattern", "prudent pattern", "vegetable-based pattern" and "mixed pattern". After adjusting potential confounders, those in the highest quartile of the traditional pattern had 83% less odds for abnormal concentration, compared with the first quartile (OR=0.17, 95% CI 0.04-00.73); however, subjects in the highest quartile of et was associated with reduced prevalence of abnormal semen concentration.
Testicular cell conditioned medium (TCCM) has been shown to induce female germ cell development
from embryonic stem cells (ESCs). Testicular cells (TCs) secrete a variety of growth factors such as growth differentiation factor-9 (GDF-9), bone morphogenetic protein 4 (BMP-4), stem cell factor (SCF), leukemia inhibitory factor (LIF), and other, that could improve oocyte maturation. Here we have investigated the effect of human TCCM (hTCCM) on
maturation (IVM) and morphology of mouse oocytes.

In this experimental study, 360 germinal vesicle (GV) oocytes were obtained from NMRI mice, aged 4-6 weeks that had received 5 IU pregnant mare's serum gonadotropin (PMSG) 48 hours before. GV oocytes were subjected to IVM. 120 GV oocytes were cultured in each medium; hTCCM as the test group, DMEM + 20%FBS as the control group and Ham's F10 + HFF medium as the sham group. The rates of the IVM and perivitelline space (PVS) changes were recorded at 8, 16 and 24 hours after culture. The metaphase II (MII) oocytes were subjected for
fertilization (IVF) and the fertilization rate was evaluated after 1, 2, and 3 days.

There was a significant difference between the maturation rates in hTCCM (31.67% MII) and the control [0% MII, P<0.05, (7.5% MI, 52.5% deg. and 40%GV)] groups but there was not a significant difference between the maturation rates in hTCCM and the sham group (53.33% MII, P>0.05). IVF success rate for MII oocytes obtained from IVM in the hTCCM group was 28.94% (n=11). Our data showed that hTCCM is an effective medium for GV oocyte growth and maturation compared to the control medium.

Our findings show that TCCM supports oocyte IVM in mice and affect oocyte morphology.
Our findings show that TCCM supports oocyte IVM in mice and affect oocyte morphology.
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