Notes

GJ-4 ameliorates memory impairment inside focal cerebral ischemia/reperfusion regarding test subjects through curbing JAK2/STAT1-mediated neuroinflammation.
Patients sustained a slipped capital femoral epiphysis (SCFE) might have symptoms beyond their stabilization surgery in the childhood.

35 patients with a SCFE were treated in our clinic and available for a clinical follow-up. The results were compared in dependence of the presence of dysplasia, acetabular retroversion or a FAI type CAM.

A FAI type CAM led to significant inferior results (p<0.05), especially in combination with a retroversion.

The clinical outcome seemed to be influenced by the presence of a FAI type CAM or a combination with a retroversion, which might aggravate the femoro-acetabular conflict.

III, retrospective.
III, retrospective.
Newly symptomatic osteoarthritis (OA) is often misinterpreted as new pathology or injury, which is associated with pain intensity and incapability.

Adult patients with hip and knee OA completed measures of catastrophic thinking, depression, capability, symptom duration, and perceived injury.

Symptom duration was associated with OA grade and symptoms of depression. Perceived injury was common (31%) and associated with men and knee arthritis. Capability was associated with misinterpretation of symptoms and the work status 'other,' but not radiographic severity.

Misinterpretation of OA symptoms is common and has a greater influence on capability than radiographic grade of pathophysiology.
Misinterpretation of OA symptoms is common and has a greater influence on capability than radiographic grade of pathophysiology.Surgical disciplines are popular and training places are competitive to obtain, but trainees report higher levels of burnout than either their non-surgical peers or attending or consultant surgeons. In this review, we critically summarise evidence on trends and changes in burnout over the past decade, contributors to surgical trainee burnout, the personal and professional consequences of burnout and consider the evidence for interventions. There is no evidence for a linear increase in burnout levels in surgeons over the past decade but the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic has yet to be established and is likely to be significant. Working long hours and experiencing stressful interpersonal interactions at work are associated with higher burnout in trainees but feeling more supported by training programmes and receiving workplace supervision are associated with reduced burnout. Burnout is associated with poorer overall mental and physical well-being in surgical trainees and has also been linked with the delivery of less safe patient care in this group. Useful interventions could include mentorship and improving work conditions, but there is a need for more and higher quality studies.With the origin of smart homes, smart cities, and smart everything, smart phones came up as an area of magnificent growth and development. These devices became a part of daily activities of human life. This impact and growth have made these devices more vulnerable to attacks than other devices such as desktops or laptops. Text messages or SMS (Short Text Messages) are a part of smartphones through which attackers target the users. Smishing (SMS Phishing) is an attack targeting smartphone users through the medium of text messages. Though smishing is a type of phishing, it is different from phishing in many aspects like the amount of information available in the SMS, the strategy of attack, etc. Thus, detection of smishing is a challenge in the context of the minimum amount of information shared by the attacker. In the case of smishing, we have short text messages which are often in short forms or in symbolic forms. A single text message contains very few smishing-related features, and it consists of abbreviatithree traditional classifiers. A prototype of the system has been developed and evaluated using SMS datasets. The results of the evaluation achieved an accuracy of 97.93% which shows the proposed method is very efficient for the detection of smishing messages.It is widely agreed that in countries without major constraints on administrative capacity, a value-added tax (VAT) should tax all goods and services at a uniform rate. In these countries, VAT's C-efficiency, that is, actual revenue over potential revenue, should be one if compliance is perfect. Under this approach, VAT's C-inefficiency-the aggregate of the policy gap (exemptions, reduced rates, thresholds) and the compliance gap (revenue shortfalls due to laps in compliance and implementation)-is treated as a residual. This contribution shows that calculating VAT's C-inefficiency independently of its C-efficiency produces a more telling benchmark, particularly of the policy gap. This is illustrated by an analysis of the revenues of the Dutch VAT, which, given the common VAT directive, should be representative of the VATs in other European Union Member States. The large policy gap, hovering around 0.50, forms the background for exploring three options to improve VAT's performance reforming the common directive, ceding VAT design to Member States, and introducing a common modern VAT which can be piggybacked by Member States.Police working in sexual assault and child abuse investigation may be at risk of secondary trauma effects and burnout, particularly if they do not have protective mechanisms in place. Empathy has shown to be vital in protecting against secondary trauma and burnout, as well as enhancing compassion satisfaction. The current cross-sectional study surveyed 216 Australian police participants working in sexual assault and child abuse investigation exploring the relationship between different facets of empathy and professional quality of life factors. All facets of empathy predicted compassion satisfaction and negatively predicted burnout. Aspects of cognitive empathy negatively predicted burnout and secondary traumatic stress, while aspects of emotional/physiological and cognitive empathy positively predicted compassion satisfaction. Novel gender differences were found, with males at higher risk of burnout; tenure significantly predicted burnout and secondary traumatic stress; and results supported that empathy is a vital mechanism for sustaining wellbeing, satisfaction, and efficacy in this work.Academic innovation is an increasingly integrated effort and focus area in higher education institutions. Academic innovation units often include multiple foci, such as teaching and learning research, faculty development programming, and entrepreneurial elements. However, there is a lack of consensus on what defines successful academic innovation or how best to contextualize innovation efforts within a particular university environment. This content analysis of 20 university academic innovation websites explored the varied approaches, programming, and communication pathways of academic innovation as revealed through publicly available website content. Findings suggest varied levels of academic innovation impact along with common tensions regarding innovation effort versus efficacy. Additionally, the analysis surfaced challenges in communicating innovation successes across internal and external audiences.Improving educational performance, including narrowing equity gaps, is frequently touted as a matter of improving the quality of teachers in the lowest performing, often disadvantaged, schools. However, the assumption that teaching is of poorer quality in disadvantaged schools is largely unsubstantiated. Using the Quality Teaching Model of pedagogy, we observed 832 lessons in 193 New South Wales primary schools and found a small relationship between teaching quality and school-level advantage. However, when 174 teachers from across the school spectrum participated in Quality Teaching Rounds we found equivalent, and substantial, gains in teaching quality across all levels of school advantage. This result indicates that differences in teaching quality are less a reflection of teacher capabilities than of the challenging circumstances in disadvantaged schools. We argue that policies seeking more equitable achievement should address wider social inequities, rather than unfairly blaming teachers for being unable to level an unequal playing field.
Internalizing problems during and after pregnancy are important for parenting and child outcomes. The study aimed to understand correlates (i.e., marital satisfaction, co-parenting) of maternal internalizing problems during pregnancy with a second child.

We investigated levels of depression, anxiety, and stress symptoms of mothers in the third trimester of pregnancy with their second children. Fifty-one mothers and their firstborn children were visited in their homes and mothers completed questionnaires.

Results showed that co-parenting and marital satisfaction were related to internalizing outcomes. More specifically, co-parenting predicted depression  and stress  when controlling for marital satisfaction, whereas marital satisfaction predicted anxiety over co-parenting.

The findings highlight the importance of studying prenatal internalizing problems differentially and can inform future intervention studies to prevent poor psychological outcomes.
The findings highlight the importance of studying prenatal internalizing problems differentially and can inform future intervention studies to prevent poor psychological outcomes.The survey "Jetzt Sprichst Du!" ("Now you're talking!") impressively demonstrates the psychosocial burden and impairments of children and adolescents in Austria during the ongoing COVID-19 pandemic. As part of an online questionnaire, 5483 children and adolescents between 6 and 18 years of age were asked about their feelings, fears, worries, and assessments regarding the coronavirus pandemic. As can be seen, children and adolescents are worried about the situation, and girls are more burdened by this across all age groups. The study also clearly shows that the risk of a COVID-19-associated hospitalization is massively overestimated by children and adolescents, similar to adults. In addition, a great lack of perspective caused by the constantly challenging situation is evident across all age groups. Feelings of fury, anger, loneliness, and sadness are reported much more frequently than previously. Last but not least, our study shows an alarming reduction of sleep quality and a drastic increase in self-reported sleep problem already in this young population. The data from the "Jetzt Sprichst Du!" survey emphasize the need for inevitable and rapid action in order to limit the psychosocial and health-related collateral damage and to reduce the negative impact on young people's psychological development, as far as this is still possible today.Genetic defects are often still regarded as a life-long fate, which one has to cope with. It is true that in many cases an inherited disposition may lead to a severe disease; however, it is also true that the number of genetic defects with a treatment option is continuously increasing and in some of them the onset of disease symptoms can even be totally prevented. Knowledge of the precise molecular pathomechanism is often the basis for a treatment concept. Genome-wide sequencing has tremendously increased the possibility to identify a genetic defect and its broad application has meanwhile made a decisive contribution in routine diagnostics. After identifying a genetic alteration, it is still necessary to investigate the pathobiochemical consequences on the cellular and systemic level. This can be a time-consuming process since not all functional consequences can be immediately recognized. In the case of metabolic defects the treatment strategy can either be a supplementation of missing products or a removal of toxic substrates.
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