Notes

Chirality inside permeable self-assembled monolayer sites in liquid/solid connects: induction, reversion, reputation and also move.
The results of the glycolytic pH drop assay showed that the deletion of
delayed the rate of acid production by
when sucrose was the only carbon source. In addition, according to the TMR results, knocking out
reduced the depth and amount of demineralization induced by
on the surface of bovine teeth.

The deletion of
can weaken the acid production ability and the demineralization ability of
.
The deletion of frtR can weaken the acid production ability and the demineralization ability of S. mutans.
To study the effects of CD47-targted immunotherapy on the oral-gut microbiota of immune-competent mice.

A peritoneal metastatic colon cancer model was constructed in immune-competent mice. Anti-CD47 monoclonal antibody was intraperitoneally administered to the mice in the treatment group, while PBS was administered to mice in the control group. Tumor growth was documented with small animal live imaging technology. 16S rRNA sequencing technology was used to analyze the composition and diversity of oral-gut microbiota.

The alpha diversity of oral microbes in the anti-CD47 monoclonal antibody treatment group decreased, and the difference was statistically significant. There was no significant change in the alpha diversity of gut microbes. Differential species analysis showed significantly decreased abundance of
,
, and
in the oral microbiota of mice in the treatment group compared to that of mice in the control group. The abundance of
in the gut microbiota was significantly higher in the treatment group.

CD47-targted immunotherapy has a rather significant impact on the diversity of oral microbiota in mice, but does not have significant impact on the species diversity of gut microbiota.
CD47-targted immunotherapy has a rather significant impact on the diversity of oral microbiota in mice, but does not have significant impact on the species diversity of gut microbiota.
To explore the microbial diversity and community structure of dental plaques in orthodontic patients with invisible appliances and fixed appliances and to study the differences.

Ten orthodontic patients wearing invisible appliances (I) and ten wearing fixed appliances (F) were recruited. Dental plaques were collected from both buccal (B) and lingual (L) sides. Based on 16S rDNA, 40 dental plaque samples were analyzed after Illumina sequencing.

The microbial diversity, abundance and evenness of the FB group were significantly higher than those of the IB and IL groups (
<0.05), while the FL group showed substantial individual differences. The community structures were generally similar among the four groups, but significant differences in the relative abundance of some bacteria were found. The IB group showed higher abundances of
and
(
<0.05), which were considered to be involved in dental caries and periodontal diseases. Some key communities showing significant differences were significantly enriched in the FB group, including
,
,
,
,
..

Dental plaques in patients wearing invisible appliances and fixed appliances showed significantly different microbial abundance, diversity and composition, which may be involved in orthodontic complications such as dental caries and periodontal diseases. Orthodontic patients need strengthened measures for oral hygiene maintenance, no matter what kind of appliances they wear.
Dental plaques in patients wearing invisible appliances and fixed appliances showed significantly different microbial abundance, diversity and composition, which may be involved in orthodontic complications such as dental caries and periodontal diseases. Orthodontic patients need strengthened measures for oral hygiene maintenance, no matter what kind of appliances they wear.
To observe the dynamic changes in the salivary microbiota of children with dental caries and those who were caries-free and to analyze the functional differences in the oral microecology of the two groups during the course of sugar metabolism and the synthesis and transport of multiple amino acids.

Ten children with dental caries and 10 caries-free children were enrolled. We employed Illumina metagenomics technology to analyze the composition and function of salivary microbiome in children with and without caries. Six months later, PacBio single-molecule long-read sequencing technology was used to analyze the changes over time in the oral microbial communities of the two groups. We studied the patterns of change in the oral microbial communities under diseased or healthy conditions and attempted to offer a comprehensive interpretation of children's oral microbiota in terms of its composition and functions.

The composition of the oral microbiota of children with or without dental caries changed significaealth status. Oxidative phosphorylation and the synthesis and transport of amino acids such as glutamate and arginine in the oral microecology were more active in caries-free children.
To study the role and possible mechanism of
in the acid tolerance of
593 (
593), and to provide a theoretical basis for the ecological prevention and control of dental caries by constructing the
gene deletion strain of
593 (
593-Δ
).

1)
593-Δ
was constructed by homologous recombination. 2) The growth curve of
593
and
593-Δ
under different pH culture conditions was drawn by the automatic growth curve analyzer to compare their acid tolerance. Colony forming unit (CFU) at different time points was used to calculate the survival rate and to compare the acid tolerance response (ATR) of
593 and
593-Δ
. 3) Under different pH conditions, glycolysis experiments, proton permeability test and H
-ATPase activity test were conducted to make preliminary exploration into the mechanisms of how
gene deletion may affect acid tolerance.

1) PCR and sequencing results showed that the
593-Δ
was constructed successfully. 2) With decreasing pH value of the culture medium, the growthificant decrease in the H +-ATPase activity induced by the deletion of the dltD gene, hence reducing its ability to maintain intracellular pH homeostasis.
To investigate the relationship between the composition of salivary microecology and thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH) levels in healthy adults.

Healthy subjects were included in the high-TSH group (
=22, 3.00-4.20 mIU/L) and the low-TSH group (
=24, 0.60-1.80 mIU/L) according to their TSH level. Clinical and laboratory examinations were conducted to measure and analyze the relevant clinical and biochemical indicators. Saliva samples were collected in the two groups and microbial genetic profiles were acquired by 16S rDNA sequencing and bioinformatics analysis.

There was no significant difference in the relevant clinical and biochemical indicators between the high-TSH group and the low-TSH group (
>0.05). Individuals with higher TSH levels had higher abundance and species diversity of salivary microbiome. Partial least squares discriminant analysis (PLS-DA) found that the microecology of the the high-TSH group and the low-TSH group (Adonis,
=0.0460) showed obvious differences in β diversity. Wilcoxon rank-sum test and LEFSe analysis showed significant difference in the abundance of
between the high-TSH group and the low-TSH group.

Differences in the composition of microecology were observed in the saliva of healthy subjects with high TSH levels and those with low TSH levels, and the abundance of
showed the most significant difference between the high and low TSH groups.
Differences in the composition of microecology were observed in the saliva of healthy subjects with high TSH levels and those with low TSH levels, and the abundance of Fusobacteriumshowed the most significant difference between the high and low TSH groups.Oral cavity, an important component of and the gateway to the digestive system, is also the colonization site and the microecological environment of trillions of microorganisms. The establishment and succession of oral microbiota are of great importance for the development of human immune system, and function as a major determinant of oral and systemic health. Within a few hours after birth, early colonizers such as Streptococcus and Lactobacillus can be detected in an infant's mouth. The oral microbiota communities mature gradually along with the growth of the host, expanding in their species abundance and diversity. In addition to genetic factors, a number of cross-sectional studies have revealed that the development of oral microecosystems in early life is influenced and tuned by multiple external factors, including maternal health status, mode of delivery, feeding habits, antibiotics use, etc. The dysbiosis of oral microecology in early life is closely related to the pathogenesis and progression of oral and systemic diseases. Therefore, good oral hygiene habits are of vital importance to the early management of oral microbial diseases and their effective prevention and control. Herein, we summarized the colonization and succession of oral microbiota in early life and further discussed the key external factors that affect early life oral microecosystem, as well as the impact of early life oral microbiota on the host's health at a later stage, intending to help providing new insights into and new strategies for the management of the whole lifecycle oral and systemic health.Gingival epithelial barrier is the first line of defense of periodontal tissues against the invasion of pathogenic bacteria. The destruction of gingival epithelial barrier is closely related to the development of periodontal disease. Studies have shown that periodontal pathogenic bacteria and their inflammatory microenvironment can inhibit the expression of gingival epithelial junctional proteins via molecular mechanisms such as the downregulation of the expression of grainyhead-like protein family and the upregulation of the methylation level of gene promoter of epithelial connexin, and thus cause damage to the gingival epithelial barrier and the development of periodontitis. We herein reviewed the effects of bacteria and inflammatory factors induced by bacterial infection on gingival epithelial intercellular junctions and related mechanisms, and summarized the research progress on the relationship between gingival epithelial intercellular junctions and periodontal pathogenic bacteria in recent years. Most recent studies were focused on i n vitro cytological experiments and animal models of infections caused by a single kind of bacterium. We have suggested that building gingival epithelial organoid model and combining multi-omics approaches with high resolution three-dimensional electron microscopy are expected to help pinpoint the key microorganisms and their most important virulence factors that trigger periodontal microecologcal imbalance and cause functional damage to the gingival epithelial barrier, to reveal the key molecular mechanisms involved in the maintenance and destruction of gingival epithelial barrier function, and to provide new perspectives on the pathogenesis and the clinical prevention and treatment of periodontitis.The prevalence of dental caries remains high, posing a major burden on the public health of the global society. Microorganisms are the main cause of dental caries, among which Streptococcus mutans ( S. mutans) is one of the most widely recognized cariogenic bacteria. In recent years, the progress in research technology enabled the academic circle to conduct more in-depth research into caries-inducing S. mutans at the DNA, RNA and protein levels, and to gain thereby a new understanding of the surface structure and extracellular matrix composition of S. mutans. In this paper, we summarized recent findings on the cariogenic mechanism of S. mutans in order to help reveal more targets and potential approaches for the future development of caries prevention agents that target S. mutans, and to promote the development of dental caries prevention campaign.
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