Notes

Central nervous system Lyme disease, long-term Lyme illness, and also not one of the earlier mentioned.
Results showed that amperometric and CL biosensors offered similar detectability and analytical performance, with some peculiarities that suggest complementary application fields. As they generally provided slightly higher detectability and wider dynamic ranges, CL-based biosensors appear more suitable for point-of-care testing of clinical biomarkers, where detectability is crucial. Nevertheless, as high detectability in CL biosensors usually requires longer acquisition times, their rapidity will allocate electrochemical biosensors in real-time monitoring and wearable biosensors. The analytical challenge demonstrated that these biosensors have competitive and similar performance, and between photons and electrons the competition is still open. Fluorescence based intracellular pH nanoprobes have been developed that overcomes the limitations imposed by shallow penetration depth of ultraviolet excitation, photostability, phototoxicity, and interference from background autofluorescence. In this study, we have constructed a Förster Resonance Energy Transfer (FRET) based pH nanoprobe using upconversion nanoparticle (UCNP) as a donor (excitation/emission @ 980/540 nm, green channel), and mOrange fluorescent protein (excitation/emission @ 548/566 nm, red channel) as acceptor. The UCNP-mOrange nanoprobe could be fluorescently imaged with 980 nm excitation, having deep penetration depth, by a fluorescence microscope on a coverslip, or uptaken in a single HeLa cell. The cellular upatake of these nanoparticles were confirmed by transmission electron microscope study. The FRET probes, with a FRET efficiency of ~20% at physiological pH of 7.0, have simultaneous self-ratiometric and ratiometric features varying linearly with local pH. The probe exhibits high accuracy, sensitivity, reversibility, and stability over a wide range of pH (3.0-8.0). The fluorescence intensity ratio from individual green, and red channels in fluorescence microscopic images could be used to estimate the pH of the intracellular compartments of HeLa cell from the pH dependent ratiometric calibration. Nigericin mediated intracellular pH (3.0, 5.0, and 7.0) could be accurately estimated from the CLSM derived FRET ratio. The pH probes demonstrate high stability and reversibility when switched between pH 3, and 8 for at least 5 cycles. Good sleep is considered to be the cornerstone for maintaining both physical and mental health. However, nearly one billion people worldwide suffer from various sleep disorders. To date, polysomnography (PSG) is the most commonly used sleep-monitoring technology,however, it is complex, intrusive, expensive and uncomfortable. Unfortunately, present noninvasive monitoring technologies cannot simultaneously achieve high sensitivity, multi-parameter monitoring and comfort. Here, we present a single-layered, ultra-soft, smart textile for all-around physiological parameters monitoring and healthcare during sleep. With a high-pressure sensitivity of 10.79 mV/Pa, a wide working frequency bandwidth from 0 Hz to 40 Hz, good stability, and decent washability, the single-layered ultra-soft smart textile is simultaneously capable of real-time detection and tracking of dynamic changes in sleep posture, and subtle respiration and ballistocardiograph (BCG) monitoring. Using the set of patient generated health data, an obstructive sleep apnea-hypopnea syndrome (OSAHS) monitoring and intervention system was also developed to improve the sleep quality and prevent sudden death during sleep. This work is expected to pave a new and practical pathway for physiological monitoring during sleep. This review aimed to analyse the current state of management practices for poultry manure in Poland and present future perspectives in terms of technologies allowing closing the loops for circular economy, and thus recovery of nutrients and energy. The scope of the review focused primarily on (1) the analysis of poultry production and generation of poultry manure with special references to quantities, properties (e.g. fertilizing properties), seasonality, etc.; (2) the overview of current practices and methods for managing poultry manure including advantages and limitations; (3) the analysis of potential and realistic threats and risk related to managing poultry manure, and also (4) the analysis of promising technologies for converting poultry manure into added value products and energy. The review addressed the following technologies composting of poultry manure to obtain fertilizers and soil improvers, anaerobic digestion of poultry manure for energy recovery, and also pyrolysis of poultry manure into different types of biochar that can be applied in agriculture, horticulture and industry. Poultry manure is rich in macro- and micronutrients but also can contain various contaminants such as antibiotics or pesticides, and thus posing a realistic threat to soil and living organisms when applied to soil directly or after biological treatment. The main challenge in poultry manure processing is to assure sufficient closing of carbon, nitrogen and phosphorous loops and safe application to soil. Due to the climate change and increased attention toward environmental management issues, the agri-food sector has been extensively relying on research, development, and innovation (RDi) to transform conventional agricultural production into a sustainable and eco-friendly industry. While the academic contribution of research has been relatively easily identified in the literature, the assessment of its societal impact remains underdeveloped. Accordingly, this study employs mixed-method evaluation approaches, mainly ASIRPA framework and Impact Oriented Monitoring (IOM) model to better understand and measure the multi-dimensional impacts of RDi in the agri-food sector in Spain. The objective of this analysis is to identify the impact of research on the society and the ecosystem. An in-depth case study analysis is conducted to examine the "best practices" program to promote sustainable techniques in the rice cultivation. Empirical findings suggest a standardized index to measure the economic, socio-territorial, health, political, capacity building, and environmental impacts, involving the stakeholder-network evaluation. The study highlights important implications for firm management decisions monitoring research uptake and policy design in the agri-food sector. The power industry of China plays an important role in reducing the carbon dioxide (CO2) and air pollutant emissions. This paper focuses on synergistic CO2 and air pollution emission reduction by implementing technical and structural measures, and explores the processes aimed at achieving the co-benefits of carbon reduction and air pollution control effectively in the power industry at a local level. The results of the analysis show that the structural measures achieve overall co-benefits, and the technical measures have a good effect in reducing the air pollution, but simultaneously increase CO2 emissions because of the additional electricity used for running air pollution control devices (APCDs). Based on the analysis of the power generation incremental cost and pollutant emission reduction cost, cost-effective approaches to attain different emission reduction targets are proposed to the power industry in four case regions. These approaches can provide policy makers and stakeholders useful and relevant policy and operation recommendations to reduce CO2 and air pollution emissions cost-effectively and promote low carbon sustainability in the power industry of China. Straw open burning is common practice in agricultural production, and has been identified as highly relevant to regional haze. A variety of control measures for straw open burning have been adopted in agricultural areas to mitigate air pollution, but their contribution to air quality improvement is difficult to estimate, and has been addressed by few studies. Using Jilin Province during the post-harvest season (PHS) as a study area, we empirically evaluated the contribution of the Straw Open Burning Prohibition Plan (SOBP) to air quality improvement by response surface methodology (RMS) modeling combined with scenario analysis, and constructed and introduced a stagnant index to the RMS model. The results indicated that the adoption of the SOBP by Jilin Province in the 2018 PHS mitigated air pollution effectively. The contribution of the plan to air quality improvement was also evaluated under two scenarios if the SOBP had been implemented during the 2015 PHS, 2016 PHS, and 2017 PHS, the cumulative PM2.5 concentration would have declined in these years by 23%, 15%, and 22%, respectively, compared with their actual values; if the SOBP had not been implemented in the 2018 PHS, the cumulative PM2.5 concentration would have increased by 10%-14% compared with the actual value. The results can provide decision makers with a reference to assess the environmental performance of the SOBP, and guidance for establishing scientific environmental regulations for cleaner agricultural production and sustainable development. Owing to the growing volumes of ash and sewage sludge waste, there is a requirement for theoretical and practical research into the use of these wastes as a source of nutrients. However, there are relatively few studies on the transfer of macronutrients in soil-plant systems amended with ash-sewage sludge mixtures under field conditions. The aim of the study was to determine the effect of bituminous coal ash (AC), biomass ash (AB), and municipal sewage sludge (MSS) on the quantity and quality of a grass-legume mixture. During a 6 year field experiment on a sandy loam soil treated with the wastes, applied as mixtures or separately, the plant yield; N, P, K, Na, Mg, and Ca uptake by plants; macronutrient content and ratios in the plant biomass; and the recovery rate of macronutrients by plants were evaluated. The AB-MSS treatment increased the yield in comparison to that where the wastes were applied separately. The N, P, and Ca contents in the plant biomass and N and P uptake under ash-sludge treatments were in the range observed for the ash and sewage sludge. The AB-MSS co-application resulted in the highest K uptake. The AC-MSS treatment increased K and Mg uptake in relation to AC treatment. When AC or AB was added to the MSS, the Ca uptake increased relative to the MSS treatment. The plant biomass under the AB treatment was optimal for biofuel purposes in terms of the chemical composition. The co-application of AC or AB with MSS resulted in the optimum CaMg ratio for fodder purposes. The recovery rate of the macroelements decreased in the following order K, N, P, Mg, Na, and Ca. The results support the co-application of solid wastes such as ash and municipal sewage sludge to improve productivity, support the recycling of macronutrients, improve sustainability through the reduction of ash and sewage sludge disposal, and reduce reliance on mineral fertilizer. Understanding the characteristics of wildfire-affected communities and the importance of particular factors of different dimensions, is paramount to improve prevention and mitigation strategies, tailored to people's needs and abilities. In this study, we explored different combinations of biophysical and social factors to characterize wildfire-affected areas in Portugal. By means of machine-learning methods based on classification trees, we assessed the predictive ability of various models to discriminate different levels of wildfire incidence at the local scale. The model with the best performance included a reduced set of both biophysical and social variables and we found that, oveall, the exclusion of specific variables improved prediction rates of group classification. The most important variables were related to landcover; the civil parishes covered by more than 20% of shrublands were more fire-prone, whereas those parishes with at least 40% of agricultural land were less affected by wildfires. Regarding social variables, the most-affected parishes showed a lower proportion of foreign residents and lower purchasing power, conditions likely associated with the socioeconomic context of inland low-density rural areas, where rural abandonment, depopulation and ageing trends have been observed in the last decades.
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