Notes

Variation regarding ventricular repolarization distribution throughout pulse rate rise in humans: A new ride procedure.
Adolescence is a critical period characterized by significant physical, emotional, cognitive, and social changes, including the monthly occurrence of menstruation of adolescent girls. Despite being an inevitable natural event, most societies consider menstruation and menstrual blood as taboos and impure. Such consideration prevents many adolescent girls from proper health education and information related to menstrual health, which forces them to develop their ways of managing the event. This study attempted to explore the pattern, the urban-rural differences, and the determinants of menstrual hygiene management practices (MHMP) among adolescent girls in the Rajshahi division, Bangladesh.

Using a cross-sectional study design with multistage random sampling, we collected data from 586 adolescent girls (aged 14-19years) from the Rajshahi division of Bangladesh. The MHMP was measured using eight binary items, where the value from zero to five as 'bad,' six as 'fair,' and seven-eight as 'good' practices. Finaabout menstruation, proper education, information, and services are essential for achieving health-related SDG goalsin both rural and urban areas of Bangladesh.
Although there are some cases of sanitary pad use, still menstrual hygiene management is unhealthy in most cases. The continuous supply of sanitary pads at affordable cost, change in existing social norms about menstruation, proper education, information, and services are essential for achieving health-related SDG goals in both rural and urban areas of Bangladesh.
Amongst other systemic changes, aging leads to an immune dysfunction. On the molecular level, a hallmark of aging is telomere shortening. The functional relevance of telomerase, an enzyme capable of elongating telomeres in T cells upon antigen stimulation, is not fully understood. Studying the impact of telomere shortening on CD4+ T cells and especially Th1 effector function can provide a better understanding on immune dysfunctions in elderly.

We investigated T cell numbers and differentiation in telomerase-deficient (mTerc-/-) mice under steady-state conditions and the functional role of telomerase in CD4+ T cells using in vitro stimulation and Th1 polarization protocols by comparing T cells from mTerc-/- and control mice. We report reduced relative CD4+ T cell numbers in blood and secondary lymphoid organs and a relative decline in the naïve T cell population in thymus, blood and spleen of mTerc-/- mice compared to control mice. Importantly, after in vitro polarization, mTerc-/- G3 CD4+ T cells showed higher numbers of IFNγ-producing cells and reduced expression of CD28. Notably, telomerase-deficient T cells were more susceptible to inhibition of Th1 polarization by IL-6 in vitro. These results demonstrate that telomerase deficiency recapitulates several changes of CD4+ T cells seen in aged humans regarding the naïve T cell population, expression of CD28 and cytokine production.

Our data suggest that telomere shortening could play a key role in the aging of T cell immunity, with clinical implications for immune diseases and tumor development and that mTerc-/- mice are a suitable model to study aging-related defects of adaptive immunity.
Our data suggest that telomere shortening could play a key role in the aging of T cell immunity, with clinical implications for immune diseases and tumor development and that mTerc-/- mice are a suitable model to study aging-related defects of adaptive immunity.
Sociodemographic parameters are the driving determinants of oral hygiene practices. This study aims to describe oral hygiene practices and associated sociodemographic factors in the Burkinabè population using the first nationally representative data.

This descriptive, cross-sectional study included 4677 adults through multistage cluster sampling performed during the first WHO STEPS survey conducted in 2013 in Burkina Faso. The practices we considered were the frequencies of tooth cleaning, fluoridated toothpaste use and dentist visits within the last six months. Sociodemographic variables and oral hygiene practices were described, and the first variables were used as the explanatory variables for the seconds in the multivariable analyses.

Individuals who cleaned teeth at least once a day represented 82.8% and at least twice a day represented 31.4%; 25.6% used fluoridated toothpaste and 2.1% visited a dentist. With the highest odds ratio, only being educated was a favourable factor for each oral hygiene practice. Living in an urban area or being a younger adult were favourable factors for cleaning teeth at least twice a day or the use of a fluoridated paste. Female gender applied more to regular tooth cleaning, as well as to dentist visits.

Cleaning teeth at least once a day was common among Burkinabè, while cleaning at least twice a day, the use of fluoridated paste or dentist visits were infrequent. Education was the key favourable determinant for healthy oral hygiene practices, and improvingoral healthliteracy interventionsthrough basichealth educationshould be promoted.
Cleaning teeth at least once a day was common among Burkinabè, while cleaning at least twice a day, the use of fluoridated paste or dentist visits were infrequent. Education was the key favourable determinant for healthy oral hygiene practices, and improving oral health literacy interventions through basic health education should be promoted.
Adequate discectomy and endplate preparation are extremely crucial steps for spinal interbody fusion. Minimally invasive transforaminal lumbar interbody fusion MITLIF technique is safe and effective. However, concerns exist regarding sufficient disc space preparation from unilateral access. The purpose of this study, was to demonstrate our preliminary experience in objective and subjective evaluation of disc space preparation intraoperatively during endoscope-assisted MITLIF with fluoroscopy-guided, describing some of its possible advantages, and analyzing its safety and feasibility.

From March 2018 to July 2019, three patients with degenerative spinal stenosis with radiculopathy and instability underwent endoscope-assisted MITLIF with fluoroscopy-guided. Patients' demographic data, clinical parameters, subsidence, and fusion were collected.

Patients were successfully treated by endoscope-assisted MITLIF with fluoroscopy-guided at single-level or two-level. Symptoms improved postoperatively in all patients, and no complications occurred during follow-up. No cage subsidence was observed. At 6-month postoperatively, there was bony fusion observed on computed tomography in two patients.

Endoscope-assisted MITLIF with fluoroscopy-guided is a safe and feasible technique to improve visualization during discectomy and endplate preparation objectively and subjectively, possibly increasing fusion rate and early time to fusion.
Endoscope-assisted MITLIF with fluoroscopy-guided is a safe and feasible technique to improve visualization during discectomy and endplate preparation objectively and subjectively, possibly increasing fusion rate and early time to fusion.
The acromioclavicular (AC) and coracoclavicular (CC) ligaments are important stabilizers of the AC joint. We hypothesized that AC and trapezoid ligament injuries induce AC joint instability and that the clavicle can override the acromion on cross-body adduction view even in the absence of conoid ligament injury. Accordingly, we investigated how sectioning the AC and CC ligaments contribute to AC joint instability in the cross-body adduction position.

Six fresh-frozen cadaveric shoulders were used in this study, comprising five male and one female specimen, with a mean age of 68.7 (range, 51-87) years. The left side of the trunk and upper limb, and the cervical and thoracic vertebrae and sternum were firmly fixed with an external fixator. The displacement of the distal end of the clavicle relative to the acromion was measured using an electromagnetic tracking device. We simulated AC joint dislocation by the sequential resection of the AC ligament, AC joint capsule, and CC ligaments in the following order oe AC and trapezoid ligament may lead to high grade AC joint instability, and the distal clavicle may subsequently override the acromion.
We found that AC and trapezoid ligament sectioning induced AC joint instability and that the clavicle could override the acromion on cross-body adduction view regardless of conoid ligament sectioning. The traumatic sections of the AC and trapezoid ligament may lead to high grade AC joint instability, and the distal clavicle may subsequently override the acromion.
Premenstrual syndrome (PMS) is used to describe physical, cognitive, affective, and behavioral symptoms that affect young and middle-aged women occurring cyclically during the luteal phase of the menstrual cycle. Despite the considerable prevalence and impact of PMS on individuals, their families and communities that interferes with the development of nations, many professionals are still unaware of it and little attention has been given in developing countries like Ethiopia, especially for university students. Therefore, this study was aimed for assessing the magnitude of premenstrual syndrome, associated factors and coping mechanisms among Wolkite university female regular students, 2021.

Institutional-based cross sectional study was conducted among Wolkite University regular female students from June 15/10/2021 to 30/10/2021 by using simple random and multistage with systematic random sampling technique to select the study participants (n = 591). Data were collected using a self-administered, pre-teste stockholders, including policy makers and health care professionals, to reduce its impact on the academic performance of university students.
Acute pulmonary embolism and severe renal bleeding are two lethal postoperative complications, but there has been no report that involves both of them after mini-percutaneous nephrolithotomy.

A 62-year-old woman was admitted to our hospital with extremely severe hydronephrosis and multiple right renal calculi. After thorough examination, she received prone-position mini-percutaneous nephrolithotomy under spinal anaesthesia. Three days postoperatively, the patient complained of chest pain and dyspnea. Computed tomography pulmonary angiogram (CTPA) showed multiple embolisms in the left pulmonary artery and its branches. Symptoms were relieved after anticoagulant and thrombolysis therapy. On the 6th postoperative day, the patient developed shortness of breath, computed tomography angiography (CTA) showed massive hemorrhage in the right kidney, diffused contrast medium in the middle and lower part of the right kidney was seen during digital substraction angiography (DSA). Superselective right renal artery embolization (SRAE) was then applied using coil to occlude the responsible artery. The patient generally recovered under conscientious care and was approved to be discharged 26 days postoperatively.

This is the first case that involved both acute pulmonary embolism and severe post thrombolysis renal bleeding. The importance of D-dimer in the prediction and early detection of pulmonary embolism should be noted. For post thrombolysis renal bleeding, SRAE is considered as a reliable treatment.
This is the first case that involved both acute pulmonary embolism and severe post thrombolysis renal bleeding. The importance of D-dimer in the prediction and early detection of pulmonary embolism should be noted. For post thrombolysis renal bleeding, SRAE is considered as a reliable treatment.
Homepage: