Notes

Position regarding Nominal Recurring Illness Testing within Intense Myeloid Leukemia.
Sediment bulking is intently related to the occurrence of black water agglomerate, sediment resuspension and erosion in aquatic environments. In this study, five different lake sediments were sampled to study effects of sediment characteristics on sediment bulking and then investigate how sediment bulking affected in turn sediment physicochemical properties. Within 30 days of experiments, the sediment properties showed an obvious influence on variation in sediment height (VSH) ranging from only 0.03 to 1.26 cm for five sediment samples. It was found that labile nutrients were closely related to the VSH (P less then 0.05) during sediment bulking. In addition, the high-throughput sequencing revealed that the microbial communities in sediments associated with degradation of organic matter and anaerobic environments, were also related to sediment bulking. Through comparing sediments with and without bulking, it was found that sediment bulking would clearly increase the proportion of air around 2.14 times, and reduce the critical shear stress of sediment with a decrease by 67.33% after 30 days, which favored sediment resuspension and erosion. Thus, this study could provide a deep insight in the key factors and the environmental effects of sediment bulking, and then be helpful in protecting the aquatic environments against ecological disasters. Two magnetic adsorbents, magnetite/aluminum hydroxide composite (MAC) and magnetite/lanthanum hydroxide composite (MLC), were successfully synthesized by a simple one-pot method and their phosphate adsorption process was investigated. The properties of synthesized adsorbents were studied using Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), zeta potential, vibrating sample magnetometry (VSM) and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS). The adsorption isotherms, adsorption kinetics and the effects of solution pH and dissolved organic carbon (DOC) on the adsorption of phosphate in aqueous solution by MAC, MLC-2, MLC-10 and LMB were investigated to evaluate the difference in phosphate removal efficiency of the magnetic adsorbents and non-magnetic adsorbent. According to the results of this study, MLC-10 had a higher phosphate adsorption capacity (19.34 mg P g-1) than LMB (11.55 mg P g-1), MAC (10.48 mg P g-1) and MLC-2 (8.89 mg P g-1). MLC-10 showed a relative higher partition coefficient (PC) (1.74 mg g-1 μM-1) than other three adsorbents at initial P concentration of 15 mg L-1. Also, MLC-10 was less pH dependent than MAC and had higher phosphate adsorption capacities under different DOC concentrations (0-72 mg L-1) than LMB, MAC and MLC-2. Further, MLC-10 had excellent recyclability due to high magnetism. Electrostatic interaction and the inner-sphere surface complexation were the potential phosphate adsorption mechanisms employed by MLC-10. In summary, MLC-10 is a promising adsorbent for phosphate removal from eutrophication water. The association between asthma and exposure to the air in swimming facilities has been acknowledged. However, the variation in, long-term exposure to and management of the respiratory irritant trichloramine (NCl3) is not well understood. In this study, 313 swimmers above 18 years of age licensed by the Norwegian Swimming Association answered a questionnaire about health and swimming. The prevalence of asthma amongst the most-exposed swimmers was 36%. Two facilities, those with the highest and lowest reported prevalence of asthma, were chosen for further investigation. For each facility, a one-week-long monitoring campaign was performed, during which pool management, air and water quality were investigated. The results of this study showed that time of day, occupancy and pool management affect the concentration of NCl3, which ranged from 58 μg/m3 to 461 μg/m3. Furthermore, in one of the facilities, the concentration of CO2 was measured to evaluate whether this contaminant could be used to predict the number of pool occupants as well as the concentration of NCl3 in the air. The concentration of CO2 was significantly correlated with occupancy level (ρ = 0.82, p = 0.01) and NCl3 concentration (r = 0.80, p = 0.01). Furthermore, according to the random intercept model the concentration of CO2 explained 52% of the variation observed in the air concentration of NCl3. CO2 sensors to control the air supply can help reduce the air concentrations of NCl3 and balance the air supply based on occupancy level. A vast body of literature estimates the impact of economic growth on environmental degradation in the framework of EKC model. Typical empirical studies proxy environmental degradation with CO2 emissions; however, this indicator does not consider the complex nature of environmental degradation. To fulfill this omission, ecological footprint that tracks the use of multiple categories of productive surface areas is used as proxy for the environment. Moreover, studies that do not consider issues of heterogeneity and cross-sectional dependence may not produce reliable outcomes. Hence, the present study re-investigates the validity of the EKC hypothesis for BRICST (Brazil, Russia, India, China, South Africa, Turkey) by using ecological footprint and considering the mentioned issues in the estimation process. Based on the annual data covering the period of 1980-2014, excluding Russia due to data unavailability, empirical results show that the EKC hypothesis is not valid, and energy intensity and energy structure are important determinants of environmental degradation. In line with the empirical outputs, possible policy suggestions are discussed in the present study. After the impoundment of the Three Gorges Reservoir (TGR), algal blooms in the sidearm tributaries have resulted from increasing nutrient loads along the major tributaries. Field sampling and in situ nutrient addition bioassay were implemented to examine the nutrient limitation of phytoplankton growth and bloom initiation during autumn in Xiangxi Bay of the TGR. Result shows that P is the primary limiting nutrient for algal growth and bloom in Xiangxi Bay during autumn. The treatment involving the combination of N, P and Si had a significant (p less then .05) additional effect on the growth of phytoplankton. The N, P, Si combined treatment increased growth by 10-50% relative to the N and P treatments from day 1 to day 4, respectively. Trace metal additions involving Fe, Zn, Mn, and Cu and/or in combination with N, P, and Si initially resulted in an extremely low growth rate which later increased significantly (p less then .05) towards the end of the study. The present study provides an insight into the responses of different phytoplankton taxa in autumn under nutrient conditions in the tributary bay. The nutrient limitation study is recognized as the first step to mitigating the bloom while proposing an effective nutrient control strategy. The outcome of which can provide the basis for formulating sustainable watershed management. Multiple nutrients reductions with P as primary concern are required for a lasting management solution to the risk of bloom in the TGR. Extensive measurements of equivalent black carbon (EBC) aerosol mass concentration at fifteen stations of India Meteorological Department (IMD) BC observation network during the period 2016-2018 are used to study the spatial and temporal heterogeneity over India. The sampling sites represent different geographical region of India. Spatial distribution shows higher values of EBC over stations of north India and IGP. Highest annual mean EBC mass concentration during study period was reported at two mega cities New Delhi (13,575 ± 8401 ng/m3) followed by Kolkata (12,082 ± 6850 ng/m3) whereas lowest mean concentration was at Ranichauri (1737 ± 884 ng/m3) followed by Bhuj (2021 ± 1471 ng/m3). Stations located in coastal region of south India reported low concentration of EBC. In order to find out the quantitative contribution of biomass burning (EBCBB) and fossil fuel (EBCFF) in total mass concentration of EBC, source apportionment study has been carried out using Aethalometer model. The EBCFF is the dominant contributor to EBC mass concentration at all the sites in every season, while the highest seasonal biomass burning mass contribution (37%) was observed in the winter at a background site Ranichauri. Maximum concentration of EBCBB was observed at Srinagar (2671 ng/m3) where as EBCFF was maximum in Delhi (11,074 ng/m3). Seasonal and diurnal variation studies have also been carried out for all the stations. The EBC mass concentrations exhibited strong seasonality, with the highest values occurring in postmonsoon/winter and the lowest in monsoon season. The higher EBC concentration in postmonsoon/winter seasons was attributed to the increased use of fuel in seasonal emission sources, domestic heating and stagnant meteorological conditions, whereas the low levels in monsoon season were related to the precipitation scavenging. Maximum concentration of EBC (22,409 ± 10,510 ng/m3) was observed in winter season over Kolkata. Our study finds high spatial heterogeneity in EBC concentrations across the study area. V.With the ever-increasing consumption of polyethylene terephthalate (PET) related products, how to recycle the waste PET still remains as a great challenge for the sustainable development. Converting waste PET into porous carbon material has been emerged as a promising way to address this issue. Recently, the microporous carbon derived from waste PET has drawn considerable attention in adsorption field, but its electrochemical application is still impeded by low specific surface area (SSA less then 1500 m2 g-1) and small meso-/macropores volume ( less then 0.2 cm3 g-1). Herein, hierarchical porous carbon (HPC) is successfully prepared from waste PET. The obtained HPC possesses a high SSA (2238 m2 g-1) and a large meso-/macropores volume (0.51 cm3 g-1). The formation mechanism of hierarchical porous structure is proposed co-etching effect of sp2/sp3 hybridized carbon produces micropores and meso-/macropores, respectively. In a three-electrode configuration, HPC based electrode achieves an outstanding capacitance of 413 F g-1, while the traditional microporous carbon exhibits a low capacitance of 142 F g-1. The fabricated symmetric supercapacitor shows a high energy density of 25 Wh kg-1. This work provides a good reference to convert waste plastics into hierarchical porous carbon. V.In recent decades, rivers have been among the most gravely disturbed ecosystems due to intense anthropogenic impacts. Accurate spatial evaluation of river network connectivity is necessary for providing an improved empirical basis for management, conservation, and restoration initiatives. In this study, we focused on the stream continuity-oriented hydrological connectivity of the river network ecosystem. An evaluation model was established using spatiotemporal hydrological data, temporal data on dam development, and a new stream continuity-oriented connectivity index (SCI). The Pearl River basin was selected as the study area to demonstrate the model application using data since 1960. The model showed that the SCI values had significantly and steadily decreasing characteristics in the entire basin from 1960 to 2018, with a total decrease during this period of 26% throughout the river network. The connectivity of the river network declined as the number of dams increased, and dams built on main trunks had a larger impact on the connectivity than those on tributaries.
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