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The particular Cuban Mental faculties Applying Undertaking, a and mid-life population-based EEG, MRI, along with cognition dataset.
Lower pre-treatment connectivity for the cingulo-opercular, salience, default mode, dorsal attention, and frontoparietal executive control brain networks was associated with treatment improvement. Treatment responders had lower while nonresponders had significantly greater connectivity than controls at pretreatment. With therapy, connectivity significantly increased for responders and decreased for nonresponders, while controls remain unchanged over this time period. We provide evidence that the intrinsic functional architecture of the brain, specifically connectivity within and between brain networks associated with external vigilance, self-awareness, and cognitive control, may characterize a positive response to TF-CBT for PTSD.One-in-two people suffering from mental health problems develop such distress before or during adolescence. Research has shown that distress can predict itself well over time. Yet, little is known about how well resilience factors (RFs), i.e. those factors that decrease mental health problems, predict subsequent distress. Therefore, we investigated which RFs are the best indicators for subsequent distress and with what accuracy RFs predict subsequent distress. We examined three interpersonal (e.g. friendships) and seven intrapersonal RFs (e.g. self-esteem) and distress in 1130 adolescents, at age 14 and 17. We estimated the RFs and a continuous distress-index using factor analyses, and ordinal distress-classes using factor mixture models. We then examined how well age-14 RFs and age-14 distress predict age-17 distress, using stepwise linear regressions, relative importance analyses, as well as ordinal and linear prediction models. Low brooding, low negative and high positive self-esteem RFs were the most important indicators for age-17 distress. RFs and age-14 distress predicted age-17 distress similarly. The accuracy was acceptable for ordinal (low/moderate/high age-17 distress-classes 62-64%), but low for linear models (37-41%). Crucially, the accuracy remained similar when only self-esteem and brooding RFs were used instead of all ten RFs (ordinal = 62%; linear = 37%); correctly predicting for about two-in-three adolescents whether they have low, moderate or high distress 3 years later. RFs, and particularly brooding and self-esteem, seem to predict subsequent distress similarly well as distress can predict itself. As assessing brooding and self-esteem can be strength-focussed and is time-efficient, those RFs may be promising for risk-detection and translational intervention research.An increasing number of neuroimaging studies have consistently revealed that disrupted functional interactions within the cognitive emotion regulation network (ERN) contribute to the onset of major depressive disorders (MDD). To disentangle the functional reorganization of ERN after electroconvulsive therapy (ECT) in MDD is curial for understanding its neuropathology. Resting-state functional magnetic resonance imaging data was collected from 23 MDD patients before and after ECT, as well as 25 healthy controls. Network modularity analysis was used to identify the submodules and functional connectivity (FC) was used to investigate the functional reorganization of ERN in the MDD patients after ECT. Four submodules of ERN were identified, including emotion response module (ERM), emotion integration module (EIM), emotion generation module (EGM), and emotion execution module (EEM). The increased intra-modular FC of EEM and inter-modular FCs of EEM with EIMERM were found in MDD patients after ECT. Modular transition analysis revealed that left ventrolateral prefrontal cortex, supplementary motor area, posterior cingulate cortex, right angular gyrus, and right precentral gyrus were transferred across different submodules across the three groups. Further analyses showed correlations between changed FC and clinical symptoms in the MDD patients after ECT. Finally, we also identified 11 increased connections between nodes belonging to different submodules of ERN in MDD patients after ECT. These results showed that ECT could induce functional reorganization of intra- and inter-modules within the ERN, and the functional changes were related to therapeutic efficacy or memory impairments of ECT in MDD patients.CD19-targeted chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) T cell therapy is an effective treatment for diffuse large B cell lymphoma (DLBCL). In addition to cytokine release syndrome (CRS) and immune effector cell-associated neurotoxicity (ICANS), B cell aplasia and hypogammaglobulinemia are common toxicities predisposing these patients to infections. We analyzed 60 patients with DLBCL treated with FDA-approved CD19 CAR T cells and report the incidence, risk factors, and management of infections during the first year after treatment. A total of 101 infectious events were observed, including 25 mild, 51 moderate, 23 severe, 1 life-threatening, and 1 fatal infection. Bacteria were the most common causative pathogens. The cumulative incidence of overall, bacterial, severe bacterial, viral, and fungal infection at 1 year were 63.3%, 57.2%, 29.6%, 44.7%, and 4%, respectively. In multivariate analyses, the use of systemic corticosteroids for the management of CRS or ICANS was associated with an increased risk of infections and prolonged admission. Impaired performance status and history of infections within 30 days before CAR T cell therapy was a risk factor for severe bacterial infection. In conclusion, infections were common within the first 60 days after CAR T cell therapy, however, they were not associated with an increased risk of death.
To review and systematize literature data on the incidence of cysts of septum pellucidum, cavum vergae and cavum veli interpositi, their clinical manifestations, indications for surgical treatment and optimal surgical approach.

An analysis included 72 manuscripts devoted to epidemiology, pathophysiology, clinical symptoms and results of surgical treatment of brain cysts. Case reports, series of cases, reviews and original studies were analyzed.

Septum pellucidum cavity is always formed throughout an embryogenesis and persists in 20.34% of adults. Cavum vergae is observed in 2.32% of adults. Cyst of septum pellucidum is detected in 0.04% of adults. Analysis of 368 cases of cysts of septum pellucidum, cavum vergae and cavum veli interpositi has shown that clinical picture consists of headache (50% of cases), convulsive syndrome (23.6%), reduced intelligence (20.1%), behavioural disorders (15.8%), dizziness, nausea and vomiting (10.9%). Hydrocephalus occurs in 16.6% of cases. Endoscopic wall fenestration is preferred for cyst management.

Brain cysts are rare and characterized by non-specific clinical manifestations. Symptomatic cyst is an indication for surgical treatment. Surgical treatment usually ensures regression of symptoms and low risk of complications.
Brain cysts are rare and characterized by non-specific clinical manifestations. Symptomatic cyst is an indication for surgical treatment. Surgical treatment usually ensures regression of symptoms and low risk of complications.Spinal cord injury (SCI) may be followed by persistent motor dysfunction and somatosensory disturbances that negatively influences the quality of life of patients and creates a significant economic burden. Analysis of secondary biological processes associated with changes in genetic expression is becoming increasingly important every day in understanding the pathophysiology of spinal cord injury. The results of international sequencing of the human genome were analyzed in 2004. These data revealed about 20,000 protein-coding genes covering near 2% of the total genomic sequence. The vast majority of gene transcripts are actually characterized as non-coding RNAs (ncRNAs). These RNA clusters do not encode functional proteins and ensure post-transcriptional regulation of gene expression. The clusters may be small (approximately 20 nucleotides) known as miRNAs or the transcripts can enroll over 200 nucleotides defined as long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs). Some modern studies describe transient expression of microRNA s in the pathogenesis of spinal cord injury and their potential use as targets for the treatment of consequences of spinal cord injury.This review is devoted to moyamoya disease. It is a rare chronic steno-occlusive cerebrovascular disease. However, moyamoya disease is increasingly diagnosed by neurosurgeons in our country. Unlike atherosclerotic lesions of cerebral arteries, pathogenesis and course of this disease are much more complex and variable. Therefore, specialists often have certain difficulties in diagnosis, management and treatment of these patients. To date, a large number of surgical interventions have been proposed for the treatment of moyamoya disease. Revascularization approaches include direct procedures (extra-intracranial microanastomoses), indirect methods (synangioses) and combined revascularization. The purpose of the review is to systematize current literature data on the pathogenesis, diagnosis, clinical patterns and surgical treatment of patients with moyamoya disease. results Outcomes of surgical revascularization and the role of its various components in combined approach are under particular attention.Literature review is devoted to the role of frameless neuronavigation in surgery of distal aneurysms, cavernomas, arteriovenous malformations, Kimmerle's anomaly and revascularization surgeries. Visualization methods used in preoperative preparation of patients with vascular lesions compatible with frameless neuronavigation and the methods of intraoperative visualization as an addition to navigation are described.Arteriovenous fistula is a common vascular abnormality of spinal cord and meninges. This disease is more common in young men. Clinical manifestation includes progressive sensitive and motor disorders. However, acute symptoms including impaired consciousness, head or back pain are also possible. The authors describe a rare case. A 15-year-old boy experienced acute depression of consciousness accompanied by headache, vomiting, weakness in the upper limbs and sensitive disorders. The patient was hospitalized to the intensive care unit and examined for subarachnoid hemorrhage. MRI of the head and cervical spine and direct invasive angiography were performed. Perimedullary AVF of cervical spinal cord was diagnosed. Complete clinical regression was observed within a month. Microsurgical removal of AVF was performed in scheduled fashion. Postoperative follow-up period was over 6 months.Multiple brain arteriovenous malformations (AVMs) are extremely rare. We report a 26-year-old patient with paroxysmal symptoms. This was the first case in our center over 10 years (0.15% of all patients with brain AVM in this period). Microsurgical resection of AVM of the left temporal lobe was carried out at the first stage (Spetzler-Martin grade I). A month later, resection of AVM of the left parietal lobe (Spetzler-Martin grade III) after preliminary endovascular embolization was carried out. Early postoperative visual and mental disorders occurred after the second surgery and completely regressed within 1 month. Control angiography after the second operation confirmed total resection of both AVMs. Thus, staged microsurgical resection of two cerebral AVMs combined with preliminary endovascular embolization of more complex AVM was effective and ensured favorable clinical result. We analyzed the features of our clinical case and compared our findings with literature data.
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