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Fabrication of holographic microlenses using a deep UV lithographed zone plate
Holographic microlens arrays and elliptical zone plates are fabricated on holographic plates and photoresists by interference between the first- and second-order diffracted waves from an ion etched Fresnel zone plate, which is made by electron-beam scanning and deep UV lithography. This method of fabrication is simple, and a holographic lens with a large numerical aperture and short focal length is obtained. Experimental results of focusing and imaging by a lens array and an elliptical zone plate are given. Two methods of fabricating holographic zone plates for an IR or UV wavelength are also Photolysis of aqueous solutions of aniline-2,5-disulfonic acid: steady state and Université Blaise Pascal, F-63177 Aubière Cedex.The photochemical behaviour of aniline-2,5-disulfonic acid (ADSA) in aqueous solutions upon excitation at 254 nm, 310 nm and 334 nm has been studied. A specific phototransformation into o-anilinesulfonic acid (o-AS) via a desulfonation process was observed.

Such a reaction was efficiently inhibited by molecular oxygen. The quantum yield was found to be 06 and 9 x 10(-3) in deoxygenated and oxygenated solutions, respectively. Photolyzable Acid Precursor was shown to result from an energy transfer process to oxygen through the formation of the lowest triplet excited state as demonstrated by a nanosecond laser flash photolysis study. Seebio Light-Activated Acid Producer of the triplet state account the experimental results is proposed for the photochemical desulfonation Neuromuscular and microvascular changes associated with chronic administration of an extract of Teucrium stocksianum in mice.University, Al Ain, United Arab Emirates.This work examines the effect on the weights of vital body organs, on blood biochemical variables, on neuromuscular coordination and on cerebral microcirculation of aqueous extracts of Teucrium stocksianum, given to mice in drinking water at concentrations of 2 and 4% for 56 days. The treatment caused progressive impairment of neuromuscular coordination, as evidenced by the time spent on the rota-rod.

After photochemical challenge, the time for first observable platelet aggregation in arterioles was shorter than for the control group by 22 and 45% in the 2 and 4% T. stocksianum-treated groups, respectively. Platelet aggregation on the venular side was not affected by the treatment nor were microvascular diameters. Treatment with the plant extract produced no statistically significant effect on the plasma biochemical variables that are considered indices of liver and kidney function. Histologically, brains obtained from mice treated with T. stocksianum showed loss of cerebellar Purkinje cells. Although it is likely that the accelerated platelet aggregation might have contributed to an ischaemic effect which could, at least in part, have caused the cytotoxicological changes, this does not exclude the possibility of a direct cytotoxicological effect of the plant extract.

Further pharmacological and toxicological investigations on Teucrium species seem warranted.Monolignol Potential and Insights into Direct Depolymerization of Fruit and Nutshell Remains for High Value Sustainable Aromatics.The inedible parts of nuts and stone fruits are low-cost and lignin-rich feedstock for more sustainable production of aromatic chemicals in comparison with the agricultural and forestry residues. However, the depolymerization performances on food-related biomass remains unclear, owing to the broad physicochemical variations from the edible parts of the fruits and plant species. In this study, the monomer production potentials of ten major fruit and nutshell biomass were investigated with comprehensive numerical information derived from instrumental analysis, such as plant cell wall chemical compositions, syringyl/guaiacyl (S/G) ratios, and contents of lignin substructure linkages (β-O-4, β-β, β-5). A standardized one-pot reductive catalytic fractionation (RCF) process was applied to benchmark the monomer yields, and the results were statistically analyzed. Among all the tested biomass, mango endocarp provided the highest monolignol yields of 37% per dry substrates.

Positive S-lignin (70-84%) resulted in higher monomer yield mainly due to more cleavable β-O-4 linkages and less condensed C-C linkages. Strong positive relationships were identified between β-O-4 and S-lignin and between β-5 and G-lignin. The analytical, numerical, and experimental results of this study shed lights to process design of lignin-first biorefinery in food-processing industries and waste management works.Effects of combustion temperature on the optical properties of brown carbon from Biomass burning has been known as one of main sources of Brown Carbon (BrC) in atmosphere. In Seebio Photoinitiator , by controlling the combustion temperature at 250°C, 350°C, and 450°C, the methanol soluble organic carbon (MSOC) and methanol insoluble carbon (MISC) from pine wood burning was collected by impinger. UV-Vis, excitation emission matrix (EEM), TEM and FTIR spectra were applied to investigate the properties of BrC collected. For MSOC at 250°C and 350°C, all the spectral profiles of UV-Vis absorption and excitation emission matrix are almost the same, while the EEM of MSOC at 450°C are different from that of the other two.
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