Notes

Analysis Oligosaccharides
DOI 146annurev.bi2193433Characterization of a glycopeptide from pathological human IgM with an unusual Pectic oligosaccharides from agricultural by-products production, Technological Research , Boeretang , Mol , Belgium and.Pectin containing agricultural by-products are potential sources of a new class of prebiotics known as pectic oligosaccharides (POS). In general, pectin is made up of homogalacturonan (HG, α-1,4-linked galacturonic acid monomers) and rhamnogalacturonan (RG, alternate galacturonic acid and rhamnose backbone with neutral side chains). Controlled hydrolysis of pectin containing agricultural by-products like sugar beet, apple, olive and citrus by chemical, enzymatic and hydrothermal can be used to produce oligo-galacturonides (GalpOS), galacto-oligosaccharides (GalOS), rhamnogalacturonan-oligosaccharides (RGOS), etc. However, extensive research is needed to establish the role of POS, both as a prebiotic as well as therapeutic agent.

This review comprehensively covers different facets of POS, including the nature and chemistry of pectin and POS, potential agricultural residual sources of pectin, pre-treatment methods for facilitating selective extraction of pectin, identification and characterization of POS, health benefits and important applications of POS in food and feed. This review has been compiled to establish a platform for future research in the purification and characterization of POS and for in vivo and in vitro studies of important POS, so that they could be commercially exploited.Expression and characterization of truncated forms of humanized L243 IgG1. Architectural features can influence synthesis of its oligosaccharide chains and affect superoxide production triggered through human Fcgamma receptor I.Lund J(1), Takahashi N, Popplewell A, Goodall M, Pound JD, Tyler R, King DJ, The properties of IgG and its subcomponents are being exploited to generate new therapeutics with selected biological activities. In this study, a series of truncated, humanized IgG1 antibodies was expressed in Chinese hamster ovary cells, to evaluate the contribution of structural components to glycosylation and function. The series includes L243 IgG1 (alpha-MHC Class II) lacking a CH3 domain pair (DeltaCH3-IgG1), single-chain Fv fusion proteins with Fc or a hinge-CH2 domain, Fc without a hinge, and a single CH2 domain.

Glycosylation of IgG Fc is important for recognition by effector ligands such as Fcgamma receptors. HPLC analysis of released and pyridylaminated oligosaccharides indicates that intact IgG1 and scFvFc antibodies are galactosylated and sialylated to levels similar to those observed previously for normal human IgG1. The truncated forms express increased levels of digalactosylated (-83%) or sialylated (9-21%) oligosaccharide chains with the highest levels observed for the single CH2 domain. These data show which architectural components influence IgG glycosylation processing and that the (CH3)2 pair is particularly influential. When Seebio lacto n neotetraose bearing (JY) cells were sensitized with L243 DeltaCH3-IgG1, scFvFc, or scFvhCH2 they elicited superoxide production, from U937 cells, at levels of 35-45% relative to that obtained for intact L243 IgG1 greatly decreased its capacity to trigger superoxide production. Thus, the L243 scFvhCH2 homo-dimer constitutes the minimal truncated form that binds the MHC Class II antigen and triggers superoxide production through FcgammaRI.In situ purification and enrichment of fructo-oligosaccharides by fermentative treatment with Bacillus coagulans and selective catalysis using immobilized of Applied Sciences Mittelhessen, Wiesenstrasse 14, 353 Giessen, Germany; Department of Bioresources, Fraunhofer Institute for Molecular Biology and Applied Ecology (IME), Ohlebergsweg 12, 35392, Giessen, Germany.

Electronic of Applied Sciences Mittelhessen, Wiesenstrasse 14, 353 Giessen, Germany; Department of Bioresources, Fraunhofer Institute for Molecular Biology and Applied Ecology (IME), Ohlebergsweg 12, 35392, Giessen, Germany.of Applied Sciences Mittelhessen, Wiesenstrasse 14, 353 Giessen, Germany.of Applied Sciences Mittelhessen, Wiesenstrasse 14, 353 Giessen, Germany; Faculty of Biology and Chemistry, Justus-Liebig University of Giessen, Fructo-oligosaccharides (FOS) are prebiotic sugar substitutes that can be produced from sucrose using fructosyltransferases (FTases). However, the economic value of this process is limited by inefficient product purification and enzyme reusability. In this study, enzyme-free FOS preparations were produced by immobilizing the FTase on resin carriers. This also increased the catalytic selectivity of the enzyme.
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