Notes

Lab-on-PCB and also Stream Driving: A Critical Evaluation.
Chemotherapy was started for nasopharyngeal carcinoma chemotherapy regimen including cisplatin, docetaxel, and 5-fluorouracil. After four cycles of chemotherapy there was a significant regression in nasopharyngeal mass and lymphadenopathies. The patient underwent radiotherapy to the nasopharynx and bilaterally cervical regions. The patient has been in follow-up for 6 years well and tumor free. However, he is still under the supervision of the pediatric immunology and allergy departments due to recurrent respiratory infections and sinusitis.

We present a case of nasopharyngeal carcinoma which developed in a child with Kartagener`s syndrome. To our knowledge, this is the first report of nasopharyngeal carcinoma in a child with Kartagener`s Syndrome.
We present a case of nasopharyngeal carcinoma which developed in a child with Kartagener`s syndrome. To our knowledge, this is the first report of nasopharyngeal carcinoma in a child with Kartagener`s Syndrome.
Toxic substances may be inhaled or aspirated not always by patients themselves but sometimes by healthcare providers unintentionally by nasogastric administrations or medications. Aspirated toxic particles may cause injury in the pulmonary epithelium at various levels of the respiratory tract, leading to a spectrum varying from simple symptoms to severe chronic disease. Imaging features of substances are different depending on their structure and are not well known. Moreover, on follow-up, radiologic findings are not well correlated with clinical findings which progress or recover more rapidly.

In this case series, we report three different chemical pneumonitis due to aspiration of exogenous substances of paint thinner, activated charcoal and liquid paraffin. We present three cases with chest radiographs, distinctive computed tomography findings and follow-up images.

Aspiration of exogenous materials reveals typical imaging findings such as the metallic density of charcoals, fat attenuation of liquid paraffin and necrotic areas within consolidation in hydrocarbon poisoning. Recognition of imaging findings is very important for the diagnosis and characterization of toxic substances.
Aspiration of exogenous materials reveals typical imaging findings such as the metallic density of charcoals, fat attenuation of liquid paraffin and necrotic areas within consolidation in hydrocarbon poisoning. Recognition of imaging findings is very important for the diagnosis and characterization of toxic substances.
Acute hemorrhagic edema of infancy (AHEI) is a rare vasculitis, which presents dramatically as palpable purpuric skin lesions on the limb, face and auricles, with swelling of these parts and low-grade fever, in children up to 2 years of age. To date, approximately 400 cases have been described in the literature. The etiology remains mostly unknown. With or without treatment, AHEI goes to spontaneous recovery within 1-3 weeks, usually without any complications. To our knowledge, compartment syndrome as complication of AHEI has only been reported in one case. We present an unusual case of AHEI with serious complications due to compartment syndrome of the right-hand fingers.

A 16-month-old male child presented with fever and sudden appearance and rapid spread of palpable, painless, non-itching ecchymotic hematomas on the thigh, cheeks, earlobes, forearms, dorsum of hands and feet, with mild edema of these regions. Complete systemic examination and all vital parameters were normal for age. There was no history of bleeding disorders in the family. Except low hemoglobin on complete blood count and increased D-dimer values, all other laboratory investigations were in the normal range. Changes on the right forearm and hand expanded on almost the entire dorsal side and all surfaces of the fingers, with pronounced swelling and formation of bullous lesions, which were spreading and cracking. Skin biopsy confirmed nonspecific small-vessel vasculitis. That required the use of Methylprednisolone, low-molecularweight heparin, antibiotics and debridement of necrotic eschar, with necrectomy of the affected fingers.

Early recognition of AHEI is important to avoid unnecessary investigation and therapy. On the other hand, our reported case warns that unexpected complications may occur.
Early recognition of AHEI is important to avoid unnecessary investigation and therapy. On the other hand, our reported case warns that unexpected complications may occur.
Choanal atresia is the most common congenital nasal anomaly, with an incidence of 15000-18000 live births. Atresia can be seen as membraneous, bony or mixed type. When it is bilateral, it is accepted lifethreatening, therefore bilateral atresia necessitates immediate intervention. Diagnosis is confirmed by endoscopic examination and computed tomography. The absolute treatment is surgical, and different approaches have been proposed.

Herein, we describe our 15-year experience in the treatment of 58 patients of congenital choanal atresia with transnasal endoscopic approach, and we compare the efficacy of placement of an intranasal stent and applying mitomycin while endoscopic microsurgical repair.

The study included 41 female patients (71%) and 17 male patients (29%) with congenital CA. The mean age was 3 years ranging from 10 days to 16 years. The atretic plate was bilateral in 24 patients (41%) and unilateral in 34 (59%). see more The most common atresia type was the mixed type with 29 patients (50%). A total of 17 patients (29%) required postoperative revision(s). Postoperative revisions were more frequent among patients with bilateral CA (50%), and with mixed CA (31%). Stenting was used additionally by surgical correction for 10 patients. After stenting, fibrosis and restenosis was seen in 7 patients (79%). Mitomycin C was applied peroperatively in 8 patients. Restenosis after mitomycin application was seen in 4 patients (50%).

By our experience, endoscopic microsurgical repair of atresia proved to be an effective and safe procedure, results compared with adjuvant treatment modalities like stent or mitomycin C use, was not better. Restenosis was the major problem seen after surgical correction.
By our experience, endoscopic microsurgical repair of atresia proved to be an effective and safe procedure, results compared with adjuvant treatment modalities like stent or mitomycin C use, was not better. Restenosis was the major problem seen after surgical correction.
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