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Phase-sensitive optical parametric amplification of squeezed states helps to overcome detection loss and noise and thus increases the robustness of sub-shot-noise sensing. Because such techniques, e.g., imaging and spectroscopy, operate with multimode light, multimode amplification is required. Here we find the optimal methods for multimode phase-sensitive amplification and verify them in an experiment where a pumped second-order nonlinear crystal is seeded with a Gaussian coherent beam. Phase-sensitive amplification is obtained by tightly focusing the seed into the crystal, rather than seeding with close-to-plane waves. This suggests that phase-sensitive amplification of sub-shot-noise images should be performed in the near field. A similar recipe can be formulated for the time and frequency, which makes this work relevant for quantum-enhanced spectroscopy.The optical properties of ZnO nanorod (NR) arrays were investigated by optical total transmittance (TT) and diffuse reflectance (DR) spectroscopy in the visible region. The NRs were grown electrochemically in a three-electrode cell over a glass/fluorine-doped tin oxide (FTO) substrate. The mean length, radius, and density of NR samples were characterized by scanning electron microscopy. The results were correlated with the observed optical properties. Since light scattering for these NR arrays is highly dependent on their morphology, therefore, a model for light scattering based in the Mie theory for cylinders was implemented to understand the observed spectra. The mean scattering and extinction cross sections were calculated from the morphology of the samples. They were used to fit the DR spectra. From the fittings, the TT spectra of the samples could be calculated. A good agreement with the experimental results was obtained. This indicates that the implemented model represents well the observed scattering phenomena.Extreme ultraviolet (XUV) light is notoriously difficult to control due to its strong interaction cross section with media. We demonstrate a method to overcome this problem by using opto-optical modulation guided by a geometrical model to shape XUV light. A bell-shaped infrared light pulse is shown to imprint a trace of its intensity profile onto the XUV light in the far-field, such that a change in the intensity profile of the infrared pulse leads to a change in the shape of the far-field XUV light. The geometrical model assists the user in predicting the effect of a specific intensity profile of the infrared pulse, thus enabling a deterministic process.The backscattered light from agglomerated debris particles shows that an approximate linear correlation exists between the logarithm of the geometric albedo $ log(A )$ of polydispersions of agglomerated debris particles and their lidar linear or circular depolarization ratios, $ unicodex00B5_L$ and $ unicodex00B5_C$. The nature of the relationship depends on the complex refractive index of the particles in the distribution. This extension of the Umov law can be used for lidar and radar characterizations by placing constraints on the reflectivity of the particles. It suggests that an approximate inverse relationship exists between the lidar ratio and the lidar depolarization ratios whose scaling parameter depends on the refractive index of the aerosol population.In this Letter, we prepare FeNi-layered-double-hydroxide (LDH) nanoflakes and illustrate the corresponding microcosmic morphology. The optical response and laser modulation performance of the nanoflakes in the mid-infrared region were investigated for the first time, to the best of our knowledge. Employed as a saturable absorber in an $rm Errm Lu_2rm O_3$ laser system, pulses with 256-ns duration were yielded at a repetition of 129 kHz under 7.8-W pump power, which corresponds to a pulse energy of 4.98 µJ.Rapid screening of red blood cells for active infection of COVID-19 is presented using a compact and field-portable, 3D-printed shearing digital holographic microscope. Video holograms of thin blood smears are recorded, individual red blood cells are segmented for feature extraction, then a bi-directional long short-term memory network is used to classify between healthy and COVID positive red blood cells based on their spatiotemporal behavior. Individuals are then classified based on the simple majority of their cells' classifications. The proposed system may be beneficial for under-resourced healthcare systems. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first report of digital holographic microscopy for rapid screening of COVID-19.A miniature endoscope capable of imaging multiple tissue contrasts in high resolution is highly attractive, because it can provide complementary and detailed tissue information of internal organs. Here we present a photoacoustic (PA)-fluorescence (FL) endoscope for optical-resolution PA microscopy (PAM) and FL microscopy (FLM). The endoscope with a diameter of 2.8 mm achieves high lateral resolutions of 5.5 and 6.3 µm for PAM and FLM modes, respectively. In vivo imaging of zebrafish larvae and a mouse ear is conducted, and high-quality images are obtained. Additionally, in vivo endoscopic imaging of a rat rectum is demonstrated, showing the endoscopic imaging capability of our endoscope. By providing dual contrasts with high resolution, the endoscope may open up new opportunities for clinical endoscopic imaging applications.A real-time spectral analysis is demonstrated experimentally with a frequency-shifting loop that includes an electro-optic phase modulator. When a single-frequency laser seeds the loop, pulse doublets are emitted if the integer Talbot condition is satisfied. With a polychromatic seed, frequency-to-time mapping is demonstrated, namely the temporal output of the loop maps the spectral power of the seed, with a resolution of 400 kHz. Due to the phase modulation function, the mapping is shown to be nonlinear. The results are in agreement with the theoretical predictions of [H. Yang et al., J. Opt. Soc. Am. B37, 3162 (2020)JOBPDE0740-322410.1364/JOSAB.389801]. DOTAP chloride order The extension to integrated systems for applications is discussed.
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