Notes

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-19 in adult or pediatric glomerular disease patients, as well as the efficacy of strategies to prevent infection transmission within these populations. Therefore, the majority of these recommendations are based on expert opinion and consensus guidance. To expedite the publication of these guidelines, an internal peer-review process was conducted, which may not have been as rigorous as formal journal peer-review.

These guidelines are intended to promote optimal care delivery for children with existing or newly diagnosed glomerular diseases during the COVID-19 pandemic. The implications of modified care delivery, altered immunosuppression strategies, and limited access to existing resources remain uncertain.
These guidelines are intended to promote optimal care delivery for children with existing or newly diagnosed glomerular diseases during the COVID-19 pandemic. The implications of modified care delivery, altered immunosuppression strategies, and limited access to existing resources remain uncertain.
Literature on the outcome of acute kidney injury (AKI) in Sjogren's syndrome (SJS) is quite scanty. Acute kidney injury has emerged as a significant cause of morbidity and mortality in patients with autoimmune diseases such as systemic lupus erythematosus.

To examine the outcome of AKI with and without SJS. To achieve this, we examined the prevalence, mortality, outcomes, length of stay (LOS), and hospital charges in patients with AKI with SJS compared with patients without SJS from a National Inpatient Sample (NIS) database in the period 2010 to 2013.

A retrospective cohort study using NIS.

United States.

Cohort of 97 055 weighted patient discharges with AKI from the NIS.

Not applicable.

Data were retrieved from the NIS for adult patients admitted with a principal diagnosis of AKI between 2010 and 2013, using the respective
(
) codes. The study population divided into 2 groups, with and without Sjogren's disease. Multivariate and linear regression analysis conducted to adjust for covariatesalemia during the hospitalization. Further research is needed to identify the underlying protective mechanisms associated with Sjogren's that resulted in lower hyperkalemia.

Not applicable.
Not applicable.
To provide guidance on the management of pediatric kidney transplant patients during the COVID-19 pandemic.

Program-specific documents, preexisting, and related to COVID-19; documents from provincial, national, and international kidney transplant societies/agencies and organ procurement agencies; national and international webinars, including webinars that we hosted for input and feedback; with additional information from formal and informal review of published academic literature.

Challenges in the care of pediatric kidney transplant patients during the COVID-19 pandemic were highlighted within the Canadian Society of Transplantation (CST) Pediatric Group. It identified pediatric kidney transplant nephrologists (including a pediatric nephrologist ethicist) across the country and formed a workgroup. The initial guidance document was drafted and members of the workgroup reviewed and discussed all suggestions in detail via e-mail and virtual meetings. Disagreements were resolved by consensus. Akt assay The documentgiven the time and resource constraints affecting the individual provincial/local health jurisdiction.
These recommendations are meant to serve as a guide to pediatric kidney transplant directors, clinicians, and administrators for providing the best patient care in the context of limited resources while protecting patients and health care providers wherever possible by limiting exposure to COVID-19. We recognize that recommendations may not be applicable to all provincial/local health authority practices and that they may not be delivered to all patients given the time and resource constraints affecting the individual provincial/local health jurisdiction.
Hyperkalemia is a potentially life-threatening electrolyte abnormality defined as a serum potassium above the lab reference range (usually >5.0-5.5 mEq/L). Polystyrene resins, including sodium polystyrene sulfonate (SPS) and calcium polystyrene sulfonate (CPS), have long been used to treat hyperkalemia. Sodium polystyrene sulfonate/calcium polystyrene sulfonate act by exchanging a cation for potassium within the intestinal lumen. While SPS and CPS have been available since the 1960s, there are rising concerns about the validity of the data supporting its use and about serious adverse gastrointestinal effects.

The objective of this systematic review was to quantify the efficacy and safety of polystyrene sulfonate resins (SPS/CPS) in the treatment of adults with hyperkalemia. This review focuses on the randomized control trial (RCT), interventional non-RCT, and observational data available on SPS/CPS use.

Systematic review.

Any country of origin. Both inpatient and outpatient settings.

Adults with ins remains founded on small studies with potential confounders.

This systematic review demonstrates a continued lack of high-quality evidence for the use of SPS/CPS in hyperkalemia. Studies investigated highly variable timelines and the most robust evidence for SPS/CPS use is in chronic hyperkalemia. While the absence of high-quality evidence does not exclude the possibility of benefit, prescribers must understand that the use of SPS/CPS in acute hyperkalemia is not supported by high-quality evidence.

The protocol for this systematic review was not registered.
The protocol for this systematic review was not registered.It is clear that biofilm formation causes many serious health-care problems. Interestingly, sub minimum inhibitory concentrations (sub-MICs) of some biocides can induce biofilm formation in bacteria. We investigated whether sub-MICs of Savlon, chlorhexidine and deconex®, as biocidal products, can induce biofilm formation in clinical isolates of Pseudomonas aeruginosa. To determine MICs and biofilm formation, we performed microtitre plate assays. All three biocides induced biofilm formation at sub-MICs; Savlon was the most successful antiseptic agent to induce biofilm formation among P. aeruginosa isolates. Deconex had the best inhibition effect on planktonic cultures of P. aeruginosa isolates. We concluded that sub-MICs of Savlon and deconex could significantly induce biofilm formation.
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