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Breastfeeding your baby and also COVID-19 vaccination: position assertion with the Italian scientific societies.
Numerous methods exist to quantify training load (TL). However, the relationship with performance is not fully understood. Therefore the purpose of this study was to investigate the influence of the existing TL quantification methods on performance modeling and the outcome parameters of the fitness-fatigue model.

During a period of 8 weeks, 9 subjects performed 3 interval training sessions per week. Performance was monitored weekly by means of a 3-km time trial on a cycle ergometer. After this training period, subjects stopped training for 3 weeks but still performed a weekly time trial. For all training sessions, Banister training impulse (TRIMP), Lucia TRIMP, Edwards TRIMP, training stress score, and session rating of perceived exertion were calculated. The fitness-fatigue model was fitted for all subjects and for all TL methods.

The error in relating TL to performance was similar for all methods (Banister TRIMP 618 [422], Lucia TRIMP 625 [436], Edwards TRIMP 643 [465], training stress score 639 [448], session rating of perceived exertion 558 [395], and kilojoules 596 [505]). However, the TL methods evolved differently over time, which was reflected in the differences between the methods in the calculation of the day before performance on which training has the biggest positive influence (range of 19.6d).

The authors concluded that TL methods cannot be used interchangeably because they evolve differently.
The authors concluded that TL methods cannot be used interchangeably because they evolve differently.Tripping while walking is a main contributor to falls across the adult lifespan. Trip risk is proportional to variability in toe clearance. To determine the sources of this variability, the authors computed for 10 young adults the sensitivity of toe clearance to 10 bilateral lower limb joint angles during unobstructed and obstructed walking when the lead and the trail limb crossed the obstacle. The authors computed a novel measure-singular value of the appropriate Jacobian-as the combined toe clearance sensitivity to 4 groups of angles all sagittal and all frontal plane angles and all swing and all stance limb angles. Toe clearance was most sensitive to the stance hip ab/adduction for unobstructed gait. For obstructed gait, sensitivity to other joints increased and matched the sensitivity to stance hip ab/adduction. Combined sensitivities revealed critical information that was not evident in the sensitivities to individual angles. The combined sensitivity to stance limb angles was 84% higher than swing limb angles. The combined sensitivity to the sagittal plane angles was lower than the sensitivity to the frontal plane angles during unobstructed gait, and this relation was reversed during obstacle crossing. PDS0330 The results highlight the importance of the stance limb joints and indicate that frontal plane angles should not be ignored.
Because of prolonged screening requirements, patient and time-dependent selection have been proposed as potential biases in clinical trials. The screening process may exclude patients with a need for emergent treatment (and a short period from diagnosis to treatment initiation [DTI]). We explored the impact of DTI on overall survival (OS) in a population-based cohort of patients with diffuse large B-cell lymphoma (DLBCL).

Using population-based administrative databases in Ontario, Canada, we identified adults aged ≥18 years with DLBCL treated with rituximab-based chemotherapy for curative intent between January 2005 and December 2015. Cox regression and multivariable analyses were presented to evaluate the impact of time from DTI on OS, controlling for relevant covariates.

We identified 9,441 patients with DLBCL in Ontario; median age was 66 years, 53.6% were male, median number of comorbidities (Johns Hopkins aggregated diagnosis groups) was 10 (interquartile range [IQR], 8-13), and median DTI was 37 depresent a surrogate marker for aggressive biology. Clinical trials with lengthy screening periods are likely creating a time-dependent patient selection bias.
Triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) accounts for disproportionately poor outcomes in breast cancer, driven by a subset of rapid-relapse TNBC (rrTNBC) with marked chemoresistance, rapid metastatic spread, and poor survival. Our objective was to evaluate clinicopathologic and sociodemographic features associated with rrTNBC.

We included patients diagnosed with stage I-III TNBC in 1996 through 2012 who received chemotherapy at 1 of 10 academic cancer centers. rrTNBC was defined as a distant metastatic recurrence event or death ≤24 months after diagnosis. Features associated with rrTNBC were included in a multivariable logistic model upon which backward elimination was performed with a P<.10 criterion, with a final multivariable model applied to training (70%) and independent validation (30%) cohorts.

Among all patients with breast cancer treated at these centers, 3,016 fit the inclusion criteria. Training cohort (n=2,112) bivariable analyses identified disease stage, insurance type, age, body mass index, race, and income as being associated with rrTNBC (P<.10). In the final multivariable model, rrTNBC was significantly associated with higher disease stage (adjusted odds ratio for stage III vs I, 16.0; 95% CI, 9.8-26.2; P<.0001), Medicaid/indigent insurance, lower income (by 2000 US Census tract), and younger age at diagnosis. Model performance was consistent between the training and validation cohorts. In sensitivity analyses, insurance type, low income, and young age were associated with rrTNBC among patients with stage I/II but not stage III disease. When comparing rrTNBC versus late relapse (>24 months), we found that insurance type and young age remained significant.

Timing of relapse in TNBC is associated with stage of disease and distinct sociodemographic features, including insurance type, income, and age at diagnosis.
Timing of relapse in TNBC is associated with stage of disease and distinct sociodemographic features, including insurance type, income, and age at diagnosis.
Manganese (Mn)-induced parkinsonism involves motor symptoms similar to those observed in Parkinson's disease (PD). Previous literature suggests that chronic Mn- exposure may increase PD risk, although Mn-induced clinical syndromes are considered atypical for PD. This study investigated whether asymptomatic welders display differences in the substantia nigra (SN), the key pathological locus of PD.

Brain MRI data and occupational exposure history were obtained in welders (N=43) and matched controls (N=31). Diffusion tensor imaging fractional anisotropy (FA; estimate of microstructural integrity) and R2* (estimate of iron and other PD-related brain differences) values in the SN pars compacta (SNc), SN reticulata (SNr), and globus pallidus (GP) were compared between the two groups. The MRI markers of the SN and GP within welders were related to exposure estimates.

Compared to controls, welders who had chronic, but low-level, Mn-exposure had similar FA and R2* values in both SN regions (p's>0.082), but significantly lower FA (p=0.
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